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    Design Goals

    Uploaded by

    Dave Robiso
    The document discusses various design goals that determine the shape of a computer system such as standards, cost, memory space, latency, and throughput. It also covers topics like performance, speed, latency, throughput, interrupt latency, and power consumption.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Design Goals

    Uploaded by

    Dave Robiso
    16 views2 pages
    The document discusses various design goals that determine the shape of a computer system such as standards, cost, memory space, latency, and throughput. It also covers topics like performance, speed, latency, throughput, interrupt latency, and power consumption.

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    DESIGN GOALS

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document discusses various design goals that determine the shape of a computer system such as standards, cost, memory space, latency, and throughput. It also covers topics like performance, speed, latency, throughput, interrupt latency, and power consumption.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Design Goals

    Uploaded by

    Dave Robiso
    The document discusses various design goals that determine the shape of a computer system such as standards, cost, memory space, latency, and throughput. It also covers topics like performance, speed, latency, throughput, interrupt latency, and power consumption.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    DESIGN GOALS - The precise shape of a computer system is determined by the

    constraints and objectives for which it was designed. It involves variables such as:
     Standards
     Cost
     Memory space
     Latency
     Throughput
    These are typically traded off in computer architectures.
    Other variables are also taken into account:
     Features
     Scale
     Weight
     Reliability
     Expandability
     Power Consumption
    COST
    Cost are generally kept constant and are dictated by device or commercial criteria.
    PERFORMANCE
     Clock speed of a computer is often used to describe its output (MHz or GHz). This is
    the number of cycles per second that the CPU’s main clock runs at. A system with a
    higher clock rate does not always mean it will work better.
     Speed of a computer. Amount of cache a processor has.
     Processor (The faster a processor runs, the higher its speed and the larger its cache)
    SPEED OF A COMPUTER
    It can be affected by the following:
     Number of functional units in the system.  Bus speed
     Usable memory  Type and order of instructions in the program being executed
    TWO MAIN TYPES OF SPEED OF A COMPUTER
     Latency refers to the interval between the start of a process and its completion
     Throughput refers to the sum of work completed per unit of time.
    LATENCY
     Interrupt Latency refers to the system’s guaranteed optimal response time to an
    electronic event. (e.g. when the disk drive finishes moving some data)
    Note: A wide variety of design decisions have an effect on performance – for example. A
    wide variety of design decisions influence performance: for example, pipelining a
    processor reduces latency (slower) while increasing throughput.
    LOW INTERRUPT LATENCIES
     These low interrupt latencies are needed by computers that control machinery. These
    computers work in a real-time environment, and if an operation takes longer than
    expected, they will fail. Anti-virus software, for example, is computer-controlled.
    Computer-controlled anti-lock brakes, for example, must begin braking almost
    immediately after being told to do so.
    PERFORMANCE DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION DOMAIN
    Other metrics may be used to assess a computer’s success. A device may be:
     CPU bound (as in numerical calculation)
     I/O bound (as in a webserving application)
     Memory bound (as in a database application) (as in video editing) In servers and
    portable devices such as laptops, power consumption has become increasingly
    significant.
    BENCHMARKING ATTEMPTS
     To account for all of these variables by calculating the time it takes a machine to run
    through a series of test programs.
     May reveal strengths, but it may not aid in the selection of a computer.
     Sometimes the devices that are being weighed break on different scales. For
    example: - One device may be better at handling science applications than another at
    playing common video games.
    POWER CONSUMPTION
     Designers have also been known to include special features in their products,
    whether in hardware or software, that allow a particular benchmark to run quickly but do
    not provide similar benefits for other more general tasks.

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