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Fido

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Dog fido = new Dog();

This line does two things:

It creates a new object of the Dog class using the new operator. This object is
created in memory, and its properties and methods are initialized to their default
values.

It creates a reference variable named fido of type Dog and assigns it the memory
address of the newly created Dog object. This means that fido now refers to the Dog
object in memory.

To break it down further:

new Dog() creates a new Dog object in memory.

Dog fido declares a reference variable named fido of type Dog.

= new Dog() assigns the memory address of the newly created Dog object to the fido
reference variable.

So, when we say fido is a reference variable that refers to an object of the Dog
class created by the new operator, we mean that fido is not the Dog object itself,
but rather a variable that holds a reference to the location in memory where the
Dog object is stored. In other words, fido is pointing to the Dog object.

The name of the object in the code Dog fido = new Dog(); is not explicitly
specified. The Dog object created by the new operator does not have a specific name
or identifier, but rather it exists in memory and is referenced by the variable
fido.

In object-oriented programming, objects are often referred to using object


reference variables, as in this case with fido. These variables act as a kind of
pointer to the memory location where the object is stored. By using the variable
fido, we can access the properties and methods of the Dog object and manipulate its
behavior.

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