ASTU Exit Model

4/4/23, 10:09 AM ECED Model Exit Exam - Communication: Attempt review (page 1 of 10)
Started on Friday, 31 March 2023, 2:28 PM

State Finished
Completed on Friday, 31 March 2023, 6:31 PM
Time taken 4 hours 2 mins
Overdue 2 hours 2 mins
Grade 38.00 out of 100.00
elearning.aastu.edu.et/mod/quiz/review.php?attempt=13375&cmid=11302 1/17
Question 1
Correct
Mark 1.00 out of 1.00
The Nyquist band width of x (t) = 3 cos50πt + 10 sin300πt – cos100t is
a. 100Hz
b. 300 Hz 
c. 50 Hz
d. 200 Hz
Your answer is correct.


We know that Nyquist frequency is twice the maximum frequency, i.e. fs = 2 fm.
The maximum frequency present in the signal is ωm = 300 π or fm = 150 Hz. Therefore the Nyquist
frequency fs = 2 fm = 300 Hz.
Signals and Systems Analysis
Sampling and Quantization

CLo1
The correct answer is:
300 Hz
Question 2
Correct
What is the ROC of the system function H(z) if the discrete time LTI system is BIBO stable?
a. Doesn’t exist
b. Entire z-plane, except at z=∞
c. Entire z-plane, except at z=0
d. Contain unit circle 


A discrete time LTI is BIBO stable, if and only if its impulse response h(n) is absolutely summable. Hence, we
see that if the system is stable, then H(z) converges for z=e^(jω). That is, for a stable discrete time LTI system,
ROC of H(z) must contain the unit circle |z|=1.
Signal and Systems Analysis
Z-transform analysis
CLO1 

Contain unit circle
Question 3
Incorrect
The followings are true about Vestigial Side Band Modulation (VSB) except
a. Requires sharp cutoff filters
b. Gradual roll-off filters are used
c. Used for picture (TV) signal transmission 

d. Suppress one side band partially 
Your answer is incorrect.

sharp cutoff filters are used in Single side band
Requires sharp cutoff filters
Question 4
Correct
Which of the following is an example of physical device which adds the signals?
a. Subtractor
b. Frequency divider
c. Audio mixer 
d. Radio


Audio mixer is a device which combines music and voice signals. It is given by
Y (t) = x1 (t) + x2 (t).
Signals and Systems Analysis
Signal applications
CLO1 
Audio mixer
Question 5
Incorrect
In p-n junction semiconductor materials ,the area in which where there is no charge carriers is called
a. Depletion region 
b. enhancement region
c. space charge region
d. A and C


Applied Electronics I
Basics of Semiconductor material theory
CLO1

A and C
Question 6
Correct
The Expression C = i++ causes
a. Value of i assigned to C and the i incremented by 1 

b. value of assigned to C
c. i to be incremented by 1 and the value of i assigned to C
d. i to incremented by 1


b/c precedence assigns i to c then increment
Basic Elements, Syntax and Semantics of a high-level programming, CLO3
Value of i assigned to C and the i incremented by 1
Question 7
Correct
The key difference between circuit theory and transmission line theory is:
a. electrical size 
b. voltage
c. circuit elements
d. current


Circuit theory assumes physical dimensions of the network smaller than electrical wavelength, while
transmission lines may be considerable fraction of wavelength
Microwave Devices and Systems
Lumped Element Circuit Model of Transmission Line
electrical size 
Question 8
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
A router connects three links (networks). How many of each of the following layers can the router be
involved with?
a. 2-Physical Layers, 2-Data Link Layers, 1-Network Layers
b. 3-Physical Layers, 3-Data Link Layers, 3-Network Layers
c. 3-Physical Layers, 3-Data Link Layers, 1-Network Layer
d. 1-Physical Layer, 1-Data Link Layer, 3-Network Layers

Router is a network layer device. Thus the three links connected to the router belong to the same network
layer. Each of them have their respective data link and physical layers.
Data Communication and Computer Networks
Network Models
-Protocol layers 
CLO1

3-Physical Layers, 3-Data Link Layers, 1-Network Layer
Question 9
Correct
Find the Laplace transform of e^(-at) u(t) and its ROC
a. 1/s, Re{s}>a
b. 1/s, Re{s}>a
c. 1/(s+a), Re{s}>-a  
d. 1/(s−a), Re{s}>-a

Substitute to Laplace equation
Signals And Systems Analysis 
Laplace transform
CLO1

1/(s+a), Re{s}>-a
Question 10
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
One of the following is not true about Double side band (DSB) modulation
a. DSB-SC is not good in power utilization
b. SSB is good in both power and spectrum utilization
c. DSB-FC is not good in both power and spectrum utilization 

d. DSB-SC is not good in spectrum utilization

DSB-SC is good in power utilization
Introduction to communication systems
DSB-SC is not good in power utilization
 
Question 11
Correct
Smith chart is based on the polar plot of:
a. Voltage reflection co-efficient 

b. Current
c. Reactance
d. Voltage

let the reflection co-efficient be expressed in terms of magnitude and direction as ┌=|┌|ejθ. Magnitude is
plotted as radius from the center of the chart, and the angle is measured in counter clockwise direction from
the right hand side. Hence, smith chart is based on the polar pot of voltage reflection co-efficient.
Smith Chart

Voltage reflection co-efficient
elearning.aastu.edu.et/mod/quiz/review.php?attempt=13375&cmid=11302&page=1 1/16
Question 12
Incorrect
In the circuit shown in fig 5 , the transistor is designed as power amplifier. Determine which class of
amplifier is ?

a. Class A
b. Class AB
c. Class C 
d. Class D 
Power amplifiers
CLO3
Class A
Question 13
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
What is the simplified SOP equation for the following K-Map?
a. A'B + AB' 
b. A'C + AC'
c. BC' + B'C
d. BC' + A'B'C + AB'C
Digital Logic Design

K-Map simplification
CLO
BC' + B'C
Question 14
Correct
Find the Z-transform of an u(n);a>0.
a. 1/(1+az)
b. z/(z+a)

c. z/(z−a) 
d. 1/(1−az)

Substitute to z-transform equation

Z-transform analysis
CLo1
z/(z−a)
Question 15
Correct
In radio communication link, what is the shape/ nature of the wave generated by transmitting antennas?
a. Spherical  since isotropic, it is

spherical
b. linear
c. plane
d. triangular

Spherical

Spherical
Question 16
Incorrect
Which circuit is called as regenerative repeaters?
a. Digital circuits
b. A/D converters
c. Analog circuits
d. Amplifiers 


The main advantage of digital communication is that the signals can be reproduced easily. Thus digital
circuits are called as regenerative repeaters.
Communication Systems
Digital circuits

Question 17
Correct
The voltage V(t) = 24cos(377t + 750) V is applied to a 6 ohm resistor as shown in the figure. Determine the
resultant current in time domain.

a. 4.5 cos (377t + 75°) A
b. 4 cos (377t + 75°) A 

c. 4 cos (377t + 55°) A
d. 4 ∟75°A 

Since the phasor voltage is
V = 24 ∟75°
The phasor current is,
I = (24 ∟75^0)/6 = 4 ∟75°
I in the time domain is i(t) = 4 cos (377t + 75°) A
Steady State Single Phase AC Circuit Analysis
4 cos (377t + 75°) A
Question 18
Correct
When an intrinsic Silicon semiconductor is doped with a very small amount of Boron, which charge carrier
will be majority charge carrier ?
a. Doping
b. Holes 
c. Electrons
d. B and C

Basics of semiconductors
Clo1
The correct answer is: 
Holes
Question 19
Incorrect
In speech processing system if a transistor based audio amplifier is used, which design parameter doesn't
affects performance of the amplifier ?
a. signal type
b. power gain 
c. frequency response
d. B and C

The performance of amplifier depends on its frequency response, and its gain. If the amplifier is forced to
work beyond specified designed parameter the output signal will be distorted and performance will decline.
This can be tested using electronic design software
multistage and power amplifiers 
CLO4
signal type
Question 20
Correct
When the carrier spacing is small , there will be overlapping of subcarrier , this causes frequency error
which causes multipath delay and synchronization error between transmitter and receiver.
a. 268 voice channel and 7 control channel for each cell
b. 244 voice channel and 6 control channel for each cell
c. 285 voice channel and 8 control channel for each cell 

d. 243.75 voice channel and 7 control channel for each cell
Wireless and Mobile Communication

Multiple Access Techniques and resource application
CLO1
285 voice channel and 8 control channel for each cell

 
Question 21
Incorrect
If the signal BW is less than the channel BW, in which type of fading channel the signal will be recovered
without distortion ?
a. Multipath channel 
b. Frequency selective
c. Flat fading channel
d. B & C

In flat fading the channel BW is much greater than signal bandwidth, hence in flat fading channel the signal
will not be distorted because it has linear phase and constant gain . Hence, the answer is Flat fading
Moible Radio Propagation and cellular Concepts
CLO2
Flat fading channel
Question 22
Correct
Determine the number of cycles in an AC signal make in 2 seconds if its frequency is 100 Hz?
a. 100
b. 150
c. 200 
d. 50

In electrical engineering, the frequency represents the ratio of the number of cycles to the total time. Since
frequency is given as 100 Hz and the time is 2 sec thus a total of 200 cycles will be made.
Basic concepts of Electricity (circuit variables and parameters), CLO1
200
Question 23
Incorrect
An RC driving point impedance function has zeros at 𝑠 = − 2 and 𝑠 = − 5. Distinguish the admissible poles
from the given choices?
a.
b.
c.
d. 


Synthesis of dp functions (one port networks), CLO1
Question 24
Correct
For Silicon type transistor circuit shown in Fig.4. Determine the value of VCE and circuit application area
respectively. Given β = 150

a. 10.2V and used as Cut-off
b. 9.46V and used as Switch
c. 10.2V and used as amplifier 

d. 10 V and Used as amplifier

First we find the base current as
BIT transistor and its application
CLO2
10.2V and used as amplifier

Question 25
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Constructing the impedance realization of the following network function term yields
(2𝐾_𝑖 𝑠)/(𝑠^2+𝜔_𝑖^2 )
a.
b.
c.
d.

Synthesis of dp functions (one port networks) - LC Network Synthesis, CLO1

Question 26
Incorrect
QPSK is a composite of
a. Four M-ary PSK 
b. Three BPSK
c. Two M-ary PSK
d. Two BPSK


QPSK is effectively a composite of two BPSK signals transmitted on orthogonal components of the carrier.
Digital Modulation Techniques

Two BPSK
Question 27
Incorrect
What is an inline function?
a. A function that is not checked for syntax errors 
b. A function that is called during compile time
c. A function that is not checked for semantic analysis
d. A function that is expanded at each call during execution


topic/ types of function inline function, CLO2
A function that is expanded at each call during execution
Question 28
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
For the figure shown below, determine the first tier co-channel signal-to-interference ratio in dB required for
satisfactory forward channel cellular system. If path loss exponent is 4 and all interfering co-channels are
equidistance from center cell.

a. 24dB
b. 15dB
c. 18.7dB
d. 18dB

From the given figure cluster size is 7 ,assuming all the interfering co-channel cells are at equal distance,
then SNR is given by the following formula , there are 6 interfering cells and n=4, hence is correct.

Basics Cellular Concepts
CLO1
18.7dB

Question 29
Correct
Which of the following is correct about the power consumed by R1 and R2 connected in series if the value of
R1 is greater than R2?
a. R1 and R2 will consume the same power
b. The relationship between the power consumed cannot be established
c. R2 will consume more power
d. R1 will consume more power 


The power can be expressed as P = V*I = I2*R . When two resistors are connected in series the current
flowing through the resistors is the same and thus, power consumed by the larger resistor will be more.
Basic concepts of Electricity (Power and energy), CLO1
R1 will consume more power
Question 30
Incorrect
When a lossless line is terminated with an arbitrary load impedance ZL, then it :
a. transmits the entire supplied power 
b. causes wave reflection on transmission lines
c. causes loss in transmission line
d. causes loss in transmission line


When a line is terminated with a impedance other the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, It
results in reflection of waves from the load end of the transmission line hence resulting in wave reflection in
the transmission line.
Terminated Lossless Transmission Lines

causes wave reflection on transmission lines
 
Question 31
Correct
The logic realized by the circuit shown in figure4 below:
figure 4
a. F = A ⊕ B
b. F = A ⊕ C 

c. F = A ʘ C
d. F = B ⊕ C

Combinational logic/Multiplexors & Demultiplexer

F=A⊕C
Question 32
Incorrect
What does positive power in an electrical element indicate?
a. Element is neither absorbing nor supplying power
b. Element may absorb or supply power
c. Element is supplying power 
d. Element is absorbing power


Circuit variables and parameters, CLO1
Element is absorbing power
Question 33
Correct
S parameters are expressed as a ratio of:
a. Power at input and output port
b. Impedance at different ports
c. Voltage and current
d. Incident and the reflected voltage waves 


S matrix can be used to represent any n port network. S parameters are defined for microwave networks.
Hence instead of voltage and current measurement, the amplitude of the incident and reflected voltage
waves is measured.
Scattering Matrices
Incident and the reflected voltage waves
Question 34
Correct
The Fourier series coefficient of time domain signal x (t) is X[k] = jδ[k-1] – jδ[k+1] + δ[k+3] + δ[k-3], the
fundamental frequency of the signal is ω=2π. The frequency domain of the signal is:
a. -2(cos 3πt – sinπ
b. -2(cos 6πt – sin2πt)
c. 2(cos 6πt – sin2πt) 

d. 2(cos3πt – sinπt)

Substitute to fourier series expansion formula.
x(t)=∑^∞_k=−∞X[k]^(ej2πkt)
= je^(j2πt) – je^(-j2πt) + e^(j6πt) + e^(-j6πt)

= 2(cos 6πt – sin 2πt).
Signals and Systems Analysis ,
Fourier series expansion

CLo1
2(cos 6πt – sin2πt)
Question 35
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
If we correlate the received signal with both orthogonal function the inner product will be
a. Unity
b. Quadrature
c. In phase & Quadrature
d. In phase


If we correlate the received signal with both the orthogonal function, the two inner products obtained will be
in phase and quadrature.
In phase & Quadrature

Question 36
Correct
Which elements of electrical engineering cannot be analyzed using Ohm’s law?
a. Capacitors
b. Transistors 
c. Inductors
d. Resistance


Ohm’s law cannot be used for unilateral networks as such networks only allow current flow in one direction.
Transistor forms a unilateral network. Thus, Ohm’s law cannot be used on Transistors.
Basic laws (Ohms Law), CLO2
Transistors

Question 37
Incorrect
Which waveform plays a crucial role in determining the radiation pattern of dipole/wire antenna?
a. Current
b. voltage
c. frequency
d. phase 


Current
Current
Question 38
Incorrect
An analog baseband system has bandwidth of 20kHz. In order to transmit this signal using PCM, the signal is
sampled at 1.5 times the Nyquist rate and quantized using uniform quantizer which has 64 levels. If the
quantizer is followed by a binary encoder, what is the transmission rate R.
a. 40Kbps
b. 80Kbps

c. 210Kbps 
d. 420Kbps

Number of quantization levels :
Number of bits per sample:
Bandwidth of :
Sampling rate: Nyquist rate =
=1.5* =60
Transmission rate:
420Kbps

Question 39
Correct
One among the following is not the advantage of digital modulation
a. Bandwidth efficient
b. Power efficient
c. Simple recovery 
d. Prone to noise and interference  robust to noise and interference mitigation,
power efficient, bandwidth efficient and simple
recovery
robust to noise and interference mitigation, power efficient, bandwidth efficient and simple recovery
Prone to noise and interference
Question 40
Correct
In which modulation schemes, the spreading of spectrum occurs?
a. Amplitude modulation
b. Phase Modulation
c. Amplitude and Frequency modulation
d. Frequency modulation 


In modulation schemes such as frequency modulation and pulse code modulation spreading of spectrum
occurs but it cannot be considered as types of spread spectrum technique.
Modulation Techniques
Frequency modulation 
 
Question 41
Correct
A computer monitor has a resolution of 1200 by 1000 pixels. If it takes 120 milliseconds to send the
complete contents of a screen over a 100 Mbps link, how many colors are available in each pixel?
a. 1000
b. 1024 
c. 10
d. 2048

If it takes 120ms to send the picture using a 100Mbps link, the picture size is given by
0.12 sec × 100 Mbps = 12 Mb
There are a total of 1200 × 1000 = 1,200,000 pixles in the picture. Thus each pixel has
12Mb / 1,200,000 = 10 bits/pixel
Therefore each pixel can represent 210 = 1024 colors
Physical layer
-Digital Transmission
CLO2
1024
Question 42
Correct
If (110)x = (132)4, then what is x?
a. 9
b. 8
c. 5 
d. 4


Number systems
CLO1
5
Question 43
Correct
In the following diagram, what is the most likely reason the station cannot ping outside of its network?
a. The IP address on the station is incorrect.
b. The router is malfunctioning.


c. The IP address is incorrect on interface E0 of the router.
d. The default gateway address is incorrect on the station. 

The IP address of the station and the gateway are not in the same network. Since the address of the gateway
is correct on the station, it is most likely the IP station is incorrect.

Network Layer
-IP addressing
CLO2
The default gateway address is incorrect on the station.
Question 44
Incorrect
Which one of the following systems is causal?
a. y(n)=x(n+2)
b. y(t)=x(t-1)+x(t-2)
c. y(t)=x(t-1)+x(t-2) 
d. y(t)=x(t)+x(t-3)+x(t^2)


A causal system is one in which the output depends on the present or past values of the input, not future. If
it depends on future values then it is non-causal. For y(t)=x(t)+x(t-3)+x(t^2), y(n)=x(n+2), and y(n)=x(2n^2), the
output depends on future values i.e., x (t^2), x (n + 2) and x (2n^2) respectively. Whereas in y(t)=x(t-1)+x(t-2),
the output y(t) depends on past values only i.e., x(t – 1) and x(t – 2).
LTI systems
CLo1
y(t)=x(t-1)+x(t-2)
Question 45
Correct
If BJT transistor is to be used as amplifier , in which operating region has to operate?
a. Cut-off region
b. Active region 
c. Saturation region
d. A and C


If the transistor is designed to operate in active region , the input signal to be amplified and output will have
linear relationship.
BJT working principle and application
CLO2
The correct answer is: Active region
Question 46
Correct
Which one of the following describes an impedance of a capacitor C in the s-domain ?
a. 
b. 1/𝐶
c.

d.

If the initial energy stored in the capacitor is zero, the equivalent circuit of the capacitor reduces to an
capacitor with impedance of 1/sc ohms.
Network transform representation and analysis-Analysis of 1st & 2nd order circuits, CLO1
Question 47
Incorrect
Which TCP/IP protocol is recommended for use in applications that need immediate and fundamentally
dependable delivery operations?
a. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) 
b. Internet Protocol (IP)
c. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
d. User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

USER datagram protocol is suitable for use in applications that need immediate and fundamentally
dependable delivery operations.
TCP/IP Protocol suite
CLO2
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Question 48
Incorrect
A car moves on a highway at a constant speed V0 (15 m⁄s) with a mobile receiver operating at 1200 MHz. The
car passes the point A at time t=0 and its mobile receiver measures a power of –77 dBm. At point C the
mobile receiver measures a power of ˗80dBm. The transmitting BTS is located 5km from point A and point
B is 4km from point A as shown in fig2a. below. Determine the mobile distance travelled to reach point C.
Use the following free space signal propagation model formula.
a. 7km
b. 10.39km
c. 6.32km 
d. 7055m

referring the given figure and taking the information , where

Mobile Radio Propagation and cellular Concepts
CLO2
10.39km
Question 49
Correct
The bandwidth efficiency of MFSK is
a. M/log10M
b. log2M/M 
c. log10M/M
d. M/log2M


For non coherent orthogonal MFSK modulation the bandwidth efficiency is R/W=log2M/M.
Digital Modulation Techniques
log2M/M
Question 50
Correct
A C++ code line ends with ___.
a. A Full stop(.)
b. A Comma (,)
c. A Slash (/)
d. A Semicolon (;) 


cpp line statement ends with ;
A Semicolon (;)
 
Question 51
Incorrect
Using all the parameters in equation 5 and double the modulating signal amplitude, the change in
bandwidth will be
a. 180MHz
b. 4MHz 
c. 100MHz

d. 80MHz
80MHz
Change in BW=180 -100 =80KHZ
80MHz
Question 52
Incorrect
In BCD addition, when a 4-bit sum is invalid, we add _______ as a correction value.
a. 0110
b. 1001
c. 0000
d. 1111 

Digital Logic design
Binary Codes
0110
Question 53
Incorrect
Currently the motivation of the researcher in future wireless network is to achieve WBBN (Wireless Broad
Band network) to provide broadband services equivalent to wired network. One of the following is a method
to achieve WBB service
a. Adding additional frequency
b. using Internet of things (IOT)
c. using Cognitive radio networks
d. A and B 

Cognitive Radio (CR) is detecting busy and idle channels intelligently so that it uses vacant channel without
affecting licensed user, in such case it enhance capacity with in given resource.
modern Wireless Communication systems 
CLO5
using Cognitive radio networks
Question 54
Correct
GSM network has BW of 25MHz and radio channel of 200 KHz, how much is total available radio channel in
the network? . If the network is designed with seven cell cluster size and three times frequency reuse.
a. 375 
b. 4200
c. 3000
d. 125

From given information total available radio channels =25000/200 = 125 . Using frequency reuse concept the
total available radio-channel=MNK=3ˣ125= 375
Basics Cellular Concepts
CLO1 

375
Question 55
Correct
One among the following is not a type of continuous wave modulation system
a. AM
b. PPM 
c. FM

d. PM
Your answer is correct. 

PPM Is a PULSE MODULATION SYSTEM

PPM
Question 56
Incorrect
From the given choices select the polynomial that satisfies the Hurwitz condition?
a.
b.
c.
d. 

Elements of realizability theory -Hurwitz Polynomials, CLO1
Question 57
Incorrect
Calculate the current through 48Ω resistor in the circuit shown in Fig.1d. .Assume the diodes is silicon and
forward resistance of each diode is 1 Ω..

a. 172mA
b. 179mA
c. 200mA  
d. 208.3mA

Semiconductor diodes and their applications
CLO2
172mA
Question 58
Incorrect
The knowledge of which parameter is sufficient for deriving the time varying electromagnetic field?
a. power density 
b. magnetic field
c. current density
d. electric field


current density

current density
Question 59
Correct
Suppose an ISP owns the block of addresses of the form 131.210.16.0/21. Suppose it wants to create four
subnets from this block, with each block having the same number of IP addresses. How many users the ISP
ca serve on each of the four networks.
a. 512
b. 515
c. 510 
d. 500

The original block of addresses 131.210.16.0/21 has 2^(32-21) = 2^11 = 2048 IP addresses. Since we are
creating 4 subnets, each subnet will have 2048/4 = 512 IP addresses. However, 2 IP addresses from each
subnet are reserved for the network address and the broadcast address, so the number of host addresses
that can be supported per subnet is 512 - 2 = 510.

Network Layer
-IP addressing
-Subnetting
CLO2

510
Question 60
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
For voltage divider biased n-channel JFET shown in fig 3. below, operates at ID = 2.5 mA and VDS = 8V. The
parameters of JFET are IDSS = 10 mA and VGS (off) = – 5 V. Find the value of RS.
a. 6kΩ

b. 5kΩ
c. 10kΩ
d. 7kΩ

FET working principle and application
CLO2
5kΩ 
 
Question 61
Incorrect
Which of the following loops executes at least once, regardless of whether the condition is true or false?
a. if-else loop 
b. for loop
c. while loop
d. do-while loop

do-while loop
Question 62
Correct
One among the following is not the advantage of digital communication system
a. Synchronization is easy 
synchronization problem is relatively
difficult in digital communication system
b.
Inexpensive
c. Privacy preserved 
d. Error correction
synchronization problem is relatively difficult in digital communication system
Synchronization is easy
Question 63
Correct
The frequency for satellite communication should be
a. less than the critical frequency
b. more than the critical frequency  for a wave to penetrate into space the
frequency should be above the critical
c. equal to the critical frequency
d. It does not matter

more than the critical frequency

more than the critical frequency
Question 64
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
For circuit shown in fig 2d. Find VQ and ID .The diode is Silicon and assume its forward resistance is zero.

a. 3.34v and 1.67mA
b. 6.2V and 1.55mA
c. 6.2V and 3.1 mA
d. 3.1V and11.55mA 

since the parallel resistance are the same, hence the total current is divided equally . In each resistor
Semiconductor diodes and their applications.
CLO2
6.2V and 3.1 mA

Question 65
Correct
For any mode of propagation in a rectangular waveguide, propagation occurs:
a. Above the cut off frequency 

b. Below the cut off frequency
c. Depends on the dimension of the waveguide
d. Only at the cut-off frequency


Both TE and TM modes of propagation in rectangular waveguide have certain separate and specific cut off
frequencies below which propagation is not possible. Hence propagation of signal occurs above the cut off
frequency.
Rectangular Wave Guides
Above the cut off frequency
Question 66
Incorrect
For the two-port network shown on the figure 1 below. Calculate the output impedance〖 𝑧〗_22?
a. 30 Ω
b. 50 Ω
c. 10 Ω 
d. 20 Ω

Two port networks - Two port (Z,Y,h,ABCD) parameters, CLO1
30 Ω

Question 67
Correct
After which phenomena do the waves arrive at the receiving antenna in ionospheric propagation?
a. Refraction
b. reflection  waves bounce back to earth after

reaching the inonosphere
c. absorption
d. defraction

reflection

reflection
Question 68
Incorrect
What is the functioning role of an antenna in receiving mode?
a. radiator 
b. Sensor
c. converter
d. Inverter


Sensor

Sensor
Question 69
Incorrect
For the given admittance network function Y(s) choose the correct Cauer I realization.
𝑌(𝑆)=(3(𝑠+𝑧)(𝑠+4))/(𝑠(𝑠+3))
a.

b.
c. 
d.

Synthesis of dp functions (one port networks)-Foster and Cauer Synthesis, CLO1

Question 70
Incorrect
Consider the circuit shown in figure4 below. What is the output Q0Q1Q2Q3 at the 4th clock pulse?
a. 1110
b. 1001 

c. 0000
d. 1101

Shift Registers
1101
 
Question 71
Correct
From the given circuit calculate the node voltage V.

a. 2 V
b. 2.5 V
c. 3 V
d. 4 V 

The nodal equation is:
(V-10)/2+(V-7)/3+V/1=0
Solving for V,
We get V=4V.
Circuit Theorems & Methods of Analysis, CLO2
4V
Question 72
Incorrect
Which of the following is the correct syntax to define an array?
a. myArray = [1, 2, 3]; 
b. int myArray[1, 2, 3];
c. int myArray[] = {1, 2, 3};
d. int myArray = {1, 2, 3};

Declaring, Accessing and processing Arrays, CLO4
int myArray[] = {1, 2, 3};
Question 73
Incorrect
Hamming distance can be given by the number of elements in which
a. Which are non zero
b. They are same 
c. Which are zero
d. They are differ


Hamming distance between two code words can be given by the number of elements in which they differ.
Information theory and coding
They are differ
Question 74
Incorrect
From the given circuit find the current in the 6 ohm resistor.

a. 10A
b. 2.5A 
c. 5A
d. 0A

Circuit Theorems & Methods of Analysis, CLO2
0A
Question 75
Correct
What is the output states of flip flops shown in fig 1 below,
a. Q = 0 always
b. Q toggles
c. Q is undefined


d. Q = 1 always

Sequential logic/Flip-Flops

Q toggles
Question 76
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
The expression for power delivered to a load , when a line is matched and supplied with a source of Vg with
generator impedance Rg +jXg is:
a. 0.5*Vg2Rg/4(Rg2+ Xg2)
b. 0.5*Vg2/Rg
c. Rg/4(Rg2+ Xg2)
d. generator impedance does not cause any losses

Due to the generator impedance, there will be some power dissipated and hence the total source power is
not transmitted. Hence that power dissipated due to generator impedance is also removed from the total
power delivered.
Generator And Load Mismatches
0.5*Vg2Rg/4(Rg2+ Xg2)
Question 77
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Find the minimum required bandwidth for the base-band transmission of 8-level PCM pulses sequence
having a data rate of Rb=1200 bit/sec. if the system transfer characteristic consists of a raised cosine
spectrum with 100% excess bandwidth (r=1).
a. 3Hz
b. 267Hz
c. 100Hz
d. 1200Hz

To find the minimum required bandwidth the following calculations can be done.
M=2^m, since M=8,m=3 bit/symbol
R_s=R_b/m=(1200bit/sec)/(3bit/symbol)=400symbol/sec
Minimum bandwidth = ((1+r ) R_s)/3=((1+1)*400symbol/sec)/(3bit/symbol)=267Hz
267Hz
Question 78
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
What will be the output of the following C++ code?#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
int main() {
int i = 3;
int l = i / -2;
int k = i % -2;
cout << l << k ;
return 0;
a. `-1 -1`

b. `1 - 1`
c. compile time error
d. `-1 1`
Basic Input and Output; Formatted Input-Output, CLO4

`-1 1`
Question 79
Correct
The type of systems which are characterized by input and the output quantized at certain levels are called as
a. analog
b. discrete 
c. Digital
d. continuous


Discrete systems have their input and output values restricted to enter some quantized/discretized levels.
Signal and systems Analysis
Classification of systems
CLO 1
discrete
Question 80
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
According to KCL what vales must be zero?
a. Algebraic sum of currents in closed-loop
b. Algebraic sum of power in closed-loop
c. Algebraic sum of currents entering and leaving a junction
d. Algebraic sum of voltages across the input and output


Basic laws (Kirchhoff’s Laws), CLO2
Algebraic sum of currents entering and leaving a junction
 
Question 81
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
In network communication, the _______________ address is used to deliver a frame to the correct computer on
the network.
a. Web
b. IP
c. MAC
d. Port

Frame is a layer-2 data unit and MAC address is used to identify frames in data link layer.
Data Link Layer
-Addressing
CLO1 
MAC
Question 82
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Suppose that two neighboring nodes (A and B) use a sliding-window protocol with a 3-bit sequence number
and transmitter window size of 7 and receiver window size one as shown in the figure. For Go-Back-NARQ
protocols in the given diagram below the letter X, Y and Z represents respectively are:

a. F1 ,ACk3 and F3
b. F1 ,ACk2 and F7
c. F1 ,ACk2 and F7
d. F3 ,ACk3 and F7 

Because there is time out, Frame 3 will be retransmitted again.
Network Categories and OSI Architecture:
-Flow and error Control mechanisms
CLO2

F1 ,ACk3 and F3
Question 83
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
A carrier signal of 200MHz and of amplitude 20V is frequency modulated by a sinusoid of amplitude 2mV
and of frequency 20KHz. Considering a 40KHz/V frequency deviation constant. The approximate bandwidth
of the FM signal using Carson rule is
a. 100MHz
b. 4MHz

c. 40KHz
d. 10KHz

100MHz
Introduction to Communication Systems

100MHz
Question 84
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Which of the following theorems can be conveniently used to find power consumed in 10 Ω resistor in figure
2 shown below?
a. Thevenin's theorem
b. Maximum power transfer theorem
c. Superposition theorem
d. Millman's theorem

Introduction to network analysis and synthesis-Network Theorems, CLO1
Superposition theorem
Question 85
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Under what condition of charge does the radiation occur through wire antenna?
a. For a charge oscillating in time domain
b. For a charge steady with uniform velocity with straight & infinite wire
c. For a charge moving with uniform velocity with straight & infinite wire
d. For a charge with no motion


For a charge oscillating in time domain

For a charge oscillating in time domain
Question 86
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
One among the following is wrong about Advantages of DSB
a. Signal is easily recovered using envelope detector.
b. Power efficient
c. Makes recovery simple 

d. No need for carrier recovery circuit.

DSB are power inefficient
Introduction to Communication Systems

Power efficient
Question 87
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
We are required to establish a wireless communication link between a transmitter and receiver that are
14km apart from each other. Power available at the transmitter is 3 kW. And the link operates at 1.2 GHz. At
each repeater the transmitter power is half of the source transmitter power. If the transmitter and receiver
antenna gains are 20dB and the Noise power is given as 8×〖10〗^(-4) W . If 3.85km is covered without
using repeaters how many repeaters are required to cover the remain distance ? Use free space
propagation model.
a. 2
b. 4
c. 3 
d. 5
Wireless and Mobile Communication 

4
Question 88
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Transmission line is a _________ parameter network.
a. distributed
b. active
c. passive
d. lumped


Since no lumped elements like resistors, capacitors are used at microwave frequencies, only transmission
lines are used. Hence they are called distributed parameter network.
Lumped Element Circuit Model of Transmission Line
distributed 
Question 89
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
The one below is the only micro wave network element that is a TEM line:
a. Rectangular wave guide
b. Surface wave guide
c. Circular wave guide
d. Co-axial cable


Coaxial cables support TEM mode of propagation in them and rectangular waveguide, circular wave guide,
surface waveguides do not support TEM mode of propagation in them.
Impedance and Admittance Matrices

Co-axial cable
Question 90
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Access part of 4G and beyond wireless mobile network uses OFMA as modulation techniques to enhance
capacity of the network. The network also uses OFDMA as multiple access system in which large carrier
frequency is divided in subcarrier component separated by subcarrier spacing .If this carrier spacing is small
it creates frequency error which causes :
a. Multipath delay
b. carrier frequency shift
c. synchronization error between transmitter and receiver
d. A and C 
When the carrier spacing is small , there will be overlapping of subcarrier , this causes frequency error which
causes multipath delay and synchronization error between transmitter and receiver.

Modern Wireless Communication systems
CLO4

A and C
 
Question 91
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Given the truth table below. Which one of the following is not the Boolean expression for Y?
a. A + A'B'
b. A' + B 
c. A + B'
d. AB' + AB + A'B'

Boolean Algebra
A' + B
Question 92
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Which of the following is true regarding attenuation?
a. Sum of both conductor loss and di electric loss
b. Conductor loss
c. Attenuation is different from the losses
d. Di-electric loss


Attenuation of a propagating wave is due to both the irregularities in the waveguide and as the property of
the dielectric material. Hence attenuation of a propagating wave is due to both conductor loss and dielectric
loss.
TE,TEM,TM Waves

Sum of both conductor loss and di electric loss
Question 93
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
A network function is given by 𝐻(𝑠)=(2𝑠^4+16𝑠^2+18)/(𝑠^3+4𝑠). In order to design a network for the given
function it satisfies the test for
a. LC impedance function
b. RLC impedance function
c. RC impedance function
d. RL impedance function 
Synthesis of dp functions (one port networks)-Two element synthesis, CLO1
LC impedance function 
Question 94
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Advantages of digital communication systems are
a. Easy multiplexing
b. Reliable
c. Easy processing
d. All of the above


Digital communication is a very reliable communication. It's easy for multiplexing, signaling and processing
etc.
All of the above 
Question 95
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Radiation efficiency of an antenna is given by
a. Directivity/maximum power gain
b. antenna resistance/ Radiation resistance
c. maximum power gain/ Directivity
d. Radiation resistance/antenna resistance


Radiation resistance/antenna resistance

Radiation resistance/antenna resistance
Question 96
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Which of the following is the broadcast address for a Class B network ID using the default subnet mask?
a. 255.255.255.255
b. 172.16.255.255
c. 172.16.10.255
d. 172.255.255.255


The default subnet mask for a Class B network is 255.255.0.0. The network ID for a Class B network takes up
the first two octets (16 bits) and the remaining two octets (16 bits) are used for host addressing.
The broadcast address is the address at which all hosts on the network can receive a message
simultaneously. To calculate the broadcast address, we set all host bits to 1s. For a Class B network, the host
bits are in the last two octets (16 bits).
Therefore, the broadcast address for a Class B network with a default subnet mask would be 172.16.255.255.

Network Layer
-Subnetting
CLO2

172.16.255.255
Question 97
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
What will be the output of the following C++ code?#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
int main() {
int n ;
for (n = 5; n < 0; n--)
{
cout << n;
if (n == 3)
break; 
}
a. 54
b. 5432
c. 543

d. 53

for loop , break and continue statement, CLO5
543
Question 98
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
Given V1 = 20 sin (ω t + 60 o) and V2 = 60 cos (ω t - 10 o). Determine the phase angle between the two
sinusoids.
a. 40°
b. 10°
c. 30°
d. 20°

Steady State Single Phase AC Circuit Analysis, CLO2
20°
Question 99
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
The Inputs of a Half Adder are A = 1, B = 1. The outputs are connected to the select lines of a 4:1 Multiplexer.
What will be the output?
a. Y = I2

b. Y = I0
c. Y = I1
d. Y = I3


Combinational logic/Multiplexors /Adders
Y = I1
Question 100
Not answered
Marked out of 1.00
What is a compiler?
a. A program that creates executable files
b. A program that translates source code into machine code
c. A program that translates machine code into source code
d. A program that runs code on the computer


Compilation Process and running programs: Compiling, Debugging and Linking, CLO1
A program that translates source code into machine code
 

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4/4/23, 10:09 AM ECED Model Exit Exam - Communication: Attempt review (page 1 of 10)

Started on Friday, 31 March 2023, 2:28 PM

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The Nyquist band width of x (t) = 3 cos50πt + 10 sin300πt – cos100t is

Your answer is correct.

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b. Entire z-plane, except at z=∞

c. Entire z-plane, except at z=0

d. Contain unit circle 

Your answer is correct.

The correct answer is:

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a. Requires sharp cutoff filters

b. Gradual roll-off filters are used

c. Used for picture (TV) signal transmission 

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The correct answer is:

Requires sharp cutoff filters

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Your answer is correct.

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c. space charge region

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The Expression C = i++ causes

a. Value of i assigned to C and the i incremented by 1 

c. i to be incremented by 1 and the value of i assigned to C

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Your answer is correct.

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a. 2-Physical Layers, 2-Data Link Layers, 1-Network Layers

b. 3-Physical Layers, 3-Data Link Layers, 3-Network Layers

c. 3-Physical Layers, 3-Data Link Layers, 1-Network Layer

d. 1-Physical Layer, 1-Data Link Layer, 3-Network Layers

The correct answer is:

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Find the Laplace transform of e^(-at) u(t) and its ROC

Your answer is correct.

The correct answer is:

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a. DSB-SC is not good in power utilization

b. SSB is good in both power and spectrum utilization

c. DSB-FC is not good in both power and spectrum utilization 

Your answer is incorrect.

Introduction to communication systems

The correct answer is:

DSB-SC is not good in power utilization

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Smith chart is based on the polar plot of:

a. Voltage reflection co-efficient 

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Your answer is incorrect.

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What is the simplified SOP equation for the following K-Map?

d. BC' + A'B'C + AB'C

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Digital Logic Design

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