Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 20 views

    Iraya

    Uploaded by

    telozajoemarie2
    The document discusses the Mangyan people, who are indigenous groups located on the island of Mindoro in the Philippines. It notes that there are eight recognized Mangyan groups, who speak different languages, with only the Hanunuo group referring to themselves as Mangyan. It describes the Hanunuo and Buhid writing systems, as well as the rich Mangyan literary tradition of song-poems like ambahan and urukay. While the Mangyan scripts are still not widely known, efforts in recent decades have helped preserve and promote their cultural heritage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Iraya

    Uploaded by

    telozajoemarie2
    20 views3 pages
    The document discusses the Mangyan people, who are indigenous groups located on the island of Mindoro in the Philippines. It notes that there are eight recognized Mangyan groups, who speak different languages, with only the Hanunuo group referring to themselves as Mangyan. It describes the Hanunuo and Buhid writing systems, as well as the rich Mangyan literary tradition of song-poems like ambahan and urukay. While the Mangyan scripts are still not widely known, efforts in recent decades have helped preserve and promote their cultural heritage.

    Original Description:

    Iraya

    Original Title

    iraya

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the Mangyan people, who are indigenous groups located on the island of Mindoro in the Philippines. It notes that there are eight recognized Mangyan groups, who speak different languages, with only the Hanunuo group referring to themselves as Mangyan. It describes the Hanunuo and Buhid writing systems, as well as the rich Mangyan literary tradition of song-poems like ambahan and urukay. While the Mangyan scripts are still not widely known, efforts in recent decades have helped preserve and promote their cultural heritage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    20 views3 pages

    Iraya

    Uploaded by

    telozajoemarie2
    The document discusses the Mangyan people, who are indigenous groups located on the island of Mindoro in the Philippines. It notes that there are eight recognized Mangyan groups, who speak different languages, with only the Hanunuo group referring to themselves as Mangyan. It describes the Hanunuo and Buhid writing systems, as well as the rich Mangyan literary tradition of song-poems like ambahan and urukay. While the Mangyan scripts are still not widely known, efforts in recent decades have helped preserve and promote their cultural heritage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 3

    Teloza Joemarie Jalos

    III-BSTM-B

    The term “Mangyan” is an umbrella term that refers to several indigenous communities on the island of
    Mindoro in the Philippines. There are eight recognized groups: Iraya, Alangan, Tadyawan, Tawbuid,
    Bangon, Buhid, Hanunuo, and Ratagnon. While these groups are often referred to as “Mangyan,” they
    speak different languages, and only one of the ethnic groups—Hanunuo—refers to itself as Mangyan.
    “Hanunuo” is an exonym for both the ethnic group and the language, and is often tagged onto
    “Mangyan” to form “Hanunuo Mangyan.” “Hanunuo” means “truly, real,” or “genuine.” Hanunuo
    Mangyans tend to drop the descriptor “hanunuo” within their communities, and refer to themselves
    and their language as “Mangyan.”Of the eight groups of Mangyan listed above, only the Hanunuo and
    the Buhid from the southern part of Mindoro Island have attested writing systems. Both writing systems,
    called “Surat Hanunuo Mangyan” and “Surat Buhid Mangyan” respectively are thought to be of Indic
    origin, and perhaps introduced into Mangyan culture from what is now Indonesia around the 12th or
    13th centuries. The Hanunuo Mangyan and Southern Buhid have similar syllabic scripts due to their
    geographical proximity. The Northern Buhid, on the other hand, have their own syllabary. These
    syllabaries, that date back to pre-Spanish times (before the early 1500s), are one of the few pre-Spanish
    writing systems that survived Spanish rule, and enabled the Mangyan peoples to preserve a rich literary
    tradition.One of the most widely loved Mangyan literary forms is the song poem. There are three
    distinct classes of song-poems: ambahan, urukay, and adahiyo. The ambahan is a poem with 7 syllables
    per line with the last syllable of each line rhyming with the others. Ambahan are composed
    anonymously and still immensely popular. They cover a wide range of subjects such as birds, plants, and
    natural phenomena. The composers use the symbolism of these subjects to express their desires, deal
    with embarrassing situations, and in courting, among other things. Ambahan are often recited during
    large gatherings and there is no musical accompaniment. Those who participate in ambahan sessions
    often go back and forth in exchanges that highlight the improvisational skills of the poet. In addition to
    public settings, ambahan are also recited in more private surroundings for pleasure. The Library’s
    Mangyan bamboo collection contains 22 ambahan (Set 1).Another poetic form is the urukay. Urukay
    consist of lines of eight syllables and have uniform end-rhymes. The word urukay probably comes from
    the neighboring island of Panay where it means “merrymaking.” The language of the Mangyan urukay is
    old Hiligaynon-Bisaya and is no longer understood by most Mangyan singers today. Urukay was probably
    acquired by the Mangyans from early contacts with Bisayans. Usually, urukay is less popular with
    younger audiences and confined to the older generation of Mangyan. They are sung to the
    accompaniment of a guitar.
    The adahiyo is the third kind of poem in the Mangyan literary tradition. The term comes from the
    Spanish adagio or “adage.” The adahiyo usually has six syllables to a line but without a fixed final syllable
    rhyming scheme. This literary form is not widely performed among the Mangyan and might have been
    acquired through contacts with Tagalogs who settled in Mindoro. The adahiyo is recited without the
    accompaniment of music, and contains many adapted Spanish words and Catholic religious terms.As is
    evident, the Mangyan have a rich literary tradition with a long history. Despite its deep roots, most of
    the extant historical examples of Mangyan writing are no more than a century old. This is because
    Mangyan writing was carved on bamboo, a material that deteriorates quickly in the local, tropical
    climate. The Library of Congress’s Mangyan bamboo collection—which dates to between ca. 1904-1939,
    thus preserves a link between the current living tradition of Mangyan writing and literature and its
    past.While the Mangyan script is still not widely known, its preservation has received a boost in the last
    few decades. In 1997, the Mangyan script was declared as a National Cultural Treasure by the
    government of the Philippines and the following year, it was inscribed in the Memory of the World
    Registers of UNESCO (United Nations Scientific and Cultural Organization).The work of Antoon Postma—
    a Dutch scholar who originally went to Mindoro as a Society of the Divine Word or SVD missionary in
    1958 and lived among the Mangyan for more than half a century—inspired the establishment of the
    Mangyan Heritage Center, a non-profit organization based in Calapan City. The Mangyan Heritage
    Center continues to promote and keep alive the cultural heritage of the indigenous peoples of Mindoro
    through digital collections, recordings, and publications on the Mangyan as well as through programs to
    revive Mangyan syllabic scripts and ambahan.

    The Iraya Mangyan tribe is one of the indigenous ethnic groups in the Philippines, specifically
    on the island of Mindoro. They are part of the larger Mangyan people, who are known for their distinct
    cultures, languages, and traditional ways of life. The Iraya Mangyan primarily inhabit the mountainous
    regions of Mindoro and are known for their skill in handicrafts, particularly in weaving and basket-
    making. Their culture and traditions are an important part of the country's indigenous
    heritage.Traditional Iraya clothing consists of loincloth bahag fashioned from a tree bark, the belt
    kaitong and the headband talawak for males, and skirt-like covering tapis made from bark, the belt
    lingob and breast covering sagpan or pamanpan for females. Both males and females wear necklaces
    kudyasan that are made from tigbi seeds, and earrings panalingnaw. However, at present, most modern
    Irayas are dressed the same way as with lowlanders.

    -Land is a major common issue among the mangyans because Many Mangyan communities lack official
    land titles, making it difficult to assert their land rights and protect their territories.The Mangyan
    communities often rely on their ancestral lands for agriculture, hunting, and gathering. The
    encroachment of outsiders, illegal logging, and mining activities have led to deforestation and
    environmental degradation, affecting their livelihoods

    You might also like