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Strings Notes

Strings in Java can represent sequences of characters. They can be created using string literals with double quotes or by using the String class' new keyword. The Java String class provides many useful methods for operations on strings like comparing, concatenating, extracting substrings, checking for emptiness and replacing/converting case.

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11 views

Strings Notes

Strings in Java can represent sequences of characters. They can be created using string literals with double quotes or by using the String class' new keyword. The Java String class provides many useful methods for operations on strings like comparing, concatenating, extracting substrings, checking for emptiness and replacing/converting case.

Uploaded by

sanjaysgryffindor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Strings in Java

• Java String provides a lot of concepts that can


be performed on a string such as compare,
concat, equals, split, length, replace,
compareTo, intern, substring etc.
• In java, string is basically an object that
represents sequence of char values.
• An array of characters works same as java
string.
• For example:
char[] ch={‘a',‘b',‘c',‘d',‘e',‘f',‘g',‘e’};
String s=new String(ch);

is same as:
String s=“abcdefge";
What is String in java

• Generally, string is a sequence of characters.


But in java, string is an object that represents
a sequence of characters.
• String class is used to create string object.
How to create String object?

• There are two ways to create String object:


– By string literal
– By new keyword
String Literal

• Java String literal is created by using double


quotes.
• For Example:
– String s="welcome";
• Each time you create a string literal, the JVM
checks the string constant pool first. If the
string already exists in the pool, a reference to
the pooled instance is returned.
• If string doesn't exist in the pool, a new string
instance is created and placed in the pool.
• For example:
– String s1="Welcome";
– String s2="Welcome";//
will not create new instance
• In the above example only one object will be
created. Firstly JVM will not find any string
object with the value "Welcome" in string
constant pool, so it will create a new object.
After that it will find the string with the value
"Welcome" in the pool, it will not create new
object but will return the reference to the
same instance.
Why java uses concept of string literal?

• To make Java more memory efficient (because


no new objects are created if it exists already
in string constant pool).
By new keyword

String s=new String("Welcome");//creates two objects and one reference variable

• In such case, JVM will create a new string


object in normal memory and the literal
"Welcome" will be placed in the string
constant pool.
Java String class methods

• The java.lang.String class provides many useful


methods to perform operations on sequence
of char values
N Method Description
o.

returns char value for the


1 char charAt(int index) particular index

2 int length() returns string length

3 String substring(int begin returns substring for given begin


Index) index

4 String substring(int returns substring for given begin


beginIndex, int endIndex) index and end index
5 boolean isEmpty() checks if string is empty
6 String concat(String concatinates
str) specified string
String replace(char replaces all
7 old, char new) occurrences of
specified char value
8 String returns string in
toLowerCase() lowercase.
9 String returns string in
toUpperCase() uppercase.
10 int indexOf(int ch) returns specified
char value index

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