IRCHE 2017

4th International Research Conference on Higher Education

Volume 2018

Conference Paper

Benefits and Difficulties of

the National Service Training Program in
Rizal Technological University
Leonila C Crisostomo
Rizal Technological University

Abstract
This research focused on the benefits derived by the RTU students from this training
program and the difficulties observed in its implementation particularly, during
community immersion and employment or application of the classroom lectures and
theories learned by the student-implementers.
Results showed that the benefits derived from the program were topped by
enhancement of skills on basic leadership with emphases on the ability to listen and
ability to communicate which were rated very important and very much benefited
among other training aspects of the program and render them as indispensable
Corresponding Author:
Leonila C Crisostomo
attributes of a good leader. Results also revealed that students are aware of the
crisostomoleonila@yahoo.com importance of physical, mental and social health as well as the observance of proper
hygiene for overall sense of well-being. Although recreation is one aspect that the
Received: 23 April 2018
respondents find important, appreciation of it underscores the need to have more
Accepted: 8 May 2018
time for assignments and projects as most of the respondents are enrolled in their
Published: 4 June 2018
respective courses with 29 units, thereby rendering them unable to appreciate the
Publishing services provided by perks of involving themselves into various recreational activities.
Knowledge E Concern for proper management of environmental resources is tantamount to
knowing the importance of environmental cleanliness just as also being aware of the
Leonila C Crisostomo. This
observance of proper hygiene (for personal well-being). Values formation highlights
article is distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons
understanding of the 4Ms of a good citizen and practice of modern Filipino values
Attribution License, which creates a clear picture that the benefits derived from the program holistically inculcate
permits unrestricted use and preparedness of the students for civic services.
redistribution provided that the Difficulties in the implementation revealed provision of materials and equipment and
original author and source are lack of budgetary allocation top billed in the results of this study. These aspects
credited.
rendered full implementation weak as students and faculty involved in the community
Selection and Peer-review under immersion have to rely on their own resources, in addition to the indifference and
the responsibility of the IRCHE passivity of the local government officials wherein implementers face risk as they are
2017 Conference Committee. most times not appreciated.
It is recommended that RTU prime movers of NSTP-CWTS should look into the process
for proper coordination with the local government officials so much so that both
parties benefit from the implementation of the program and allocate sufficient budget
for the success of the program as mandated.

Keywords: civic welfare, nation building, national security, proper hygiene, values
formation

How to cite this article: Leonila C Crisostomo, (2018), “Benefits and Difficulties of the National Service Training Program in Rizal Technological
University” in 4th International Research Conference on Higher Education, KnE Social Sciences, pages 829–846. DOI 10.18502/kss.v3i6.2423
Page 829
 IRCHE 2017

1. Introduction

In a world where the time it takes to travel, or to bake a potato, or to process a million
calculations shrinks inexorably, only one thing has remained constant: change. It is an
enduring historical force with noticeable variations through time. It is also pervasive
and is taking place in all aspects of society: culture, economy, political system, family,
religion and education.
The underlying concept in change is modernity which is linked to the idea of
progress. New directions and initiatives are therefore, imperative to reshape goals
and reform agenda especially in education. One of the key areas of national life which
need to be pursued relentlessly is education, and since, people live in a time of rapid
change and growth of knowledge, only he who is in a fundamental sense a scholar,
that is, a person who continues to learn and inquire – can hope to keep pace, let alone
play the role of guide. The country’s greatest resource is its people and to educate a
child is to save a person and to guarantee a good national future [1].
To keep up with this change, schools have initiated innovations in the curriculum
not only in the elementary and secondary levels but in the tertiary level as well. In
this context of change brought about by the need to meet societal demands, National
Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001 was promulgated.
The National Service Training Program was established for tertiary level students
under Republic Act No. 9163, and was approved December 19, 2001. This program was
also implemented December 19, 2001. The purpose of this program is to recognize the
Youth’s vital role in nation-building, promote consciousness among youth and develop
their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being. It shall inculcate in
the youth patriotism, nationalism, and advance their involvement in public and civic
affairs.
In pursuit of these goals, the youth, the most valuable resource of the nation, shall be
motivated, trained, organized and mobilized in military training, literacy, civic welfare
and or similar endeavors to the service of the nation.
Under RA 9163, it affirmed the prime duty of the government to serve and protect
its citizens. In turn, it shall be the responsibility of all citizens to defend the security of
the state and in fulfillment thereof, the government may require each citizen to render
personal, military or civil service.

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1.1. The national service training program

This act shall be known as the National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001[2].
It is hereby affirmed the prime duty of the government to serve and protect its
citizens. In turn, it shall be the responsibility of all citizens to defend the security of
the Senate in fulfillment thereof; the government may require each citizen to render
personal, military or civil service.
In pursuit of these goals, the youth, the most valuable resource of the nation, shall
motivated, trained organized and mobilized in military training, literacy, civic welfare
and or similar endeavors to the service of the nation.
There is hereby established a National Service Training Program (NSTP), which shall
form part of the curricula of all baccalaureate degree courses of at least two (2) year
technical-vocational courses and is a requisite for graduation, consisting of the follow-
ing components:

1. The Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) which is hereby made optional and
voluntary upon the effectivity of this Act;

2. The Literacy Training Service and;

3. The Civic Welfare Training Service

The ROTC under the NSTP shall instill patriotism, moral, virtues, respect for rights of
civilian and adherence to the Constitution, among others. Citizenship training shall be
given emphasis in all three (3) program components.
The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA), in consultation with the Department of National
Defense (DND), Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC).
Coordinating Council of Private Educational Associations of the Philippines (COCOPEA)
and other concerned government agencies may design and implement such other
program components as may be necessary in consonance with the provisions of this
Act.
Students, male and female, of any baccalaureate degree course or at least two (2)
year technical – vocational courses in public and private educational institutional shall
be required to complete one (1) of the NSTP components as requisite for graduation.
Each of the aforementioned NSTP program components shall be undertaken for an
academic period of two (2) semesters.

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In lieu of the two (2) semesters program for any of the NSTP components, a one (1)
summer program may be designed, formulated and adopted by the DND, CHED and
TESDA.
All higher and technical-vocational institutions, public and private, must offer at
least one of the program components. Provided, that State Universities and Colleges
shall offer the ROTC component and at least one other component as provided herein:
Provided, further, that private higher and technical-vocational education institutions
may also offer the ROTC if they have at least three hundred and fifty (350) cadet
students.
In offering NSTP whether during the semestral or summer periods, clustering of
students from different educational institutions maybe done, taking into account logis-
tics, branch of service and geographical considerations. Schools that do not meet the
required number of students to maintain the optional ROTC and any of the NSTP com-
ponents shall allow their students to cross-enroll to other schools are being adminis-
tered by the same or another branch of service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
(AFP), CHED and TESDA to which schools are identified.
Higher and technical-vocational institutions shall not collect any fee for any of the
NSTP components except basic tuition fees, which shall not be more than fifty percent
(50%) of what is currently charged by schools per unit.
In the case of the ROTC, the DND shall formulate and adopt a program of assistance
and/or incentive to those students who will take the said component.
The school authorities concerned, CHED and TESDA shall ensure that group insurance
for health and accident shall be provided for students enrolled in any of the NSTP
components.
According to Sibayan, B., there are implications for literacy and literacy programs
of the seven kinds of language literacies. In discussing the question “literate in what
language”, the importance of the subject in the planning, management and support of
literacy programs especially for speakers of languages not used in government and
other controlling domains of language.
In the Philippines only Filipino and English are used as media of instruction in the
schools. Literacy in these two languages is pursued at the expense of taxpayers’
money. School reading materials in two languages are assured.
On the other hand, literacy programs in languages other than English and Filipino
are under the sponsorship of non-governmental organizations such as the Summer
Institute of Linguistics, the Magbasa Kita Program under the former Senator Santanina

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Rasul, the Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement (for adults) and various church
groups.
The emphasis on the welfare of the individual as exemplified in such lofty state-
ments as “The child can learn best and faster with the use of his/her native language
as medium of instruction” as advocated by some well-meaning, but not well-informed,
people is too simplistic and needs serious reexamination in the light of the discussion
on “literate in what language?”
There are two sides of the problem (1) many claim, quite correctly, that a great
number of Filipinos, especially those in the countryside, will not have much use of
English Literacy in the vernacular or in Filipino should be enough. The argument against
this reasoning goes this way: (2) In democracy, all citizens should have an equal oppor-
tunity to rise and the present language for attaining the “better life” because it is the
language for a good education and a good job, its English. The poor should have access
to the language that provides for these opportunities.
There is universal agreement that for advanced science and technology, the highest
type of literacy in the intellectualized languages of wider communication, especially
English, should be secured by the intellectuals and lead populations of the developing
countries. The poor but bright children in the country-side should be given the oppor-
tunity to learn the language that opens the door to many opportunities.
Value has been defined as any object, activity or frame of mind that a person
considers to be very important to his or her life. All our values taken together are called
a value system which exists not only on an individual level, but on an organization-
wide level as well. Hence, the community where NSTP students assigned could greatly
contribute to their values transformation. A corporate culture is a system of values
shared throughout any given place or organization.
Values education is founded on a sound philosophy of the human person with all its
philosophical ramifications and implications. The supreme and overarching value that
characterizes education is HUMAN DIGNITY.
Health is the complete fitness of the body, soundness of mind and wholesomeness
of the emotion, which make possible the highest quality of effective living and of
service.
First Aid is the skilled application of treatment, using facilities or materials available
at the time, that any trained individual gives an ill or injured person while waiting for
medical assistance to arrive. If an immediate and temporary care given to a person
who suffers from sudden illness or an accident until the doctor arrives.

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Recreational activities are socially accepted and socially constructive leisure expe-
rience that provides immediate and inherent satisfaction to the individual who volun-
tarily participates in the activity. It is considered as a pleasurable activity with an aim
to relaxation like listening to music and watching television.
Leadership one may use this term to: distinguish people in an organization or group,
ability and a relationship [3]. It refers to those who provide direction and guidance.
It is an art of inducing subordinates to accomplish their assignments with zeal and
confidence [4]. It is the relationship in which one person (the leader) influences others
to work together willingly on related tasks to attain goals desired by the leader and
or group [5]. Entrepreneurship is capable of generating more jobs, income, goods and
services because of the innovative nature of entrepreneurship. This clearly means a
better economy and quality living for the people. The welfare of the majority is the
primary concern of entrepreneurship, which is their economic development.
Entrepreneurship, according to Professor Nathaniel Left is the capacity of innova-
tion, investment and expansion in new markets, products and techniques [6]. It is the
capacity and quality of an individual in effectively and efficiently managing a business
towards customer satisfaction and profitability of services. It sees opportunities and
makes the best of them. It is putting good use something that otherwise may become
wasted [7].
Solid waste management refers to all activities pertaining to the control, transfer
and transport, processing and disposal of solid waste in accordance with the best
principle of public health, economics, engineering, conservation, aesthetic and other
environmental conservation. Its scope includes all attendance administrative, legal
planning and engineering function.
There is no single solid waste management system method that is universally pre-
scribed and accepted. Every country of community must evolve a system that would
suit and be applicable to its needs, economy, location and topography, social culture
and resources.
The related literature and studies mentioned will be beneficial to the researcher to
support all the findings of the research.

2. Objectives of the Study

This study aims to determine the demographic profile of the respondents, the benefits
of the program in terms of implementation, the perception of the benefits, the differ-
ence in the benefits as perceived by the respondents, the difficulties of the program in

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implementation, and the proposed solutions to the encountered problems. Moreover,

this study utilizes a descriptive method in a normative survey approach in addition to
the causal-comparative design applied to 463 chosen respondents.

3. Materials and Methods

3.1. Research method used

The descriptive method is used as it attempts to describe systematically a situation,

phenomenon, service or program, or provides information about, say, the living con-
ditions of a community, or describes attitudes towards an issue (Kumar, 1996).
In the present study, what are described are that the NSTP-CWTS implementers’
benefits derived from this program implementation and the difficulties they encoun-
tered.
Specifically, the normative survey is utilized as it involves the gathering of data, the
purpose of which is to know the typical conditions of situations and people (Estolas,
1973). In addition, the causal-comparative design was used to assess the difference
between the independent variables and dependent variable. According to Gay and
Airasian (2000), the causal-comparative aimed at making cause and effect statements
about the performance between the independent variables and dependent variable.
The difference or effect of the independent variables is called the dependent variable
because it is dependent on what happens to the independent variable.

3.2. Population frame and sampling scheme

For the School Year 2014-2015, there were 3,157 NSTP enrollees. Of these, only 463
were chosen purposively. Since this study dealt only those CWTS implementers, using
the Slovin’s formula: n = N / (1 + Ne∧2), the sample was representative of the total
population of RTU-CWTS implementers.

3.3. Demographic description of respondents

The respondents of the study were described as to gender, age, year level and the
college to which they belong. Tables for the demographic profile are found in the
presentation, analysis and interpretation of data.

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3.4. Instrument used

A researcher-made questionnaire was used as the main instrument in gathering data. It

consisted of two (2) parts. Part I elicited responses for the demographic characteristics
of the respondents. Part II focused on eliciting responses for the main problems of
the study. The questionnaire was pre-tested to twenty (20) students who were not
included in the final survey and expected to test the validity.
It was a combination of checklist and the Likert method with summated ratings. For
the checklist portion, suggested responses were enumerated with the respondents
indicating their choices with check (p) marks.
On the other hand, the Likert Summated Rating Scale is a set of attitude items, all
of which are considered of approximately equal attitude value, and to each of which
subjects responded with degree of agreement and disagreement (Keslinger, 1979).
The scores of the items of such scale were summed and averaged to yield an indi-
vidual attitude score. Using the Likert Method, five (5) responses were used to describe
the assessments of the respondents to the benefits derived in the implementation of
CWTS. Starting with a particular category, all favorable responses were scored five (5)
through one (1) and unfavorable responses were scored in the opposite order.
The items of the questionnaire were checked for validity against other similar instru-
ments used in some related studies. Face validity of the items were also checked to
guarantee that each and every item was, indeed, related to problems stated in Chapter
1.
Below is the scale used to describe and interpret the data:

Weighted mean Verbal Description Degree of Benefits

4.50 – 5.00 Very Important Very much benefited
3.50 – 4.49 Important Much benefited
2.50 – 3.49 Fairly Important Quite benefited
1.50 – 2.49 Barely Important Barely benefited
1.00 – 1.49 Not Important Never benefited

3.5. Data gathering procedures

The validated Questionnaire checklist was administered in the to the target respon-
dents through the assistance of faculty members handling NSTP subjects.

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The responses obtained from the administered questionnaire checklist and those
elicited from the informal interviews were tabulated and treated based on the appro-
priate statistical formula used.

3.6. Statistical treatment of data

The data gathered were statistically treated using the following formula:

1. Percentage (Gareth, 1970)

% = n/N x 100

Where:

% = Percentage

n = Frequency

N = Total number of respondents

Weighted Mean (Garcia, 2007)

WM = ∑fm/N

Where:

WM = Weighted Mean

f = Frequency

m = Mean

N = Total number of respondents

∑ = Summation

2. One Way ANOVA (Broto, 2007). This was used to test significance in the responses
of the respondents.
(∑ 𝑥1 + ∑ 𝑥2 + ⋯ + ∑ 𝑥𝑘 )2
CF =
𝑛1 + 𝑛 2 + ⋯ + 𝑛 𝑘
TSS = ∑x1 2 + ∑x2 2 + ⋯ + ∑x𝑘 2 – CF
(∑ 𝑥1 )2 (∑ 𝑥2 )2 (∑ 𝑥𝑘 )2
BSS = + +⋯+
𝑛1 𝑛2 𝑛𝑘
SSW = TSS – BSS
𝑆𝑆𝑤
MSS𝑤=
𝑑𝑓 𝑤
𝑆𝑆𝑏
MSS𝑏=
𝑑𝑓 𝑏
𝑀𝑆𝑆𝑏
Fcv =
𝑀𝑆𝑆𝑤

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Where:

CF = Computed Frequency

TSS = Sum of Square total

BSS = Sum of Square between

MSS𝑤 = Mean of Sum of Squares within

MSS𝑏 = Mean Sum of Square between

Fcv = Analysis of Variance computed value

X1, X2⋯ X𝑘 – scores

n1 , n2 ⋯ n𝑘 – number of sample

4. Results and Discussion

4.1. Benefits derived from NSTP-CWTS to its implementers and
their ratings of NSTP-CWTS Benefits

The respondents of the study considered “ability to communicate” as the number one
benefit they derived from NSTP-CWTS implementation with 92.90 percent responses
followed by “ability to listen” with 91.80 percent; “involving others in decision mak-
ing” with 74.90 percent; “better interpersonal relationship” with 69.50 percent; “abil-
ity to prioritize others’ needs” with 63.10 percent; “knowledge of the key roles of a
leader” with 61.10 percent; “ability to be team player” with 55.50 percent and; “ability
to empathize” with 41.70 percent.
As to health education, most of the respondents benefited with “awareness of the
relationship among physical, mental and social health” with 91.10 percent responses.
This was followed by “necessity of observing proper hygiene” with 80.30 percent.
Third, was “awareness of the causes and prevention of drug abuse” with 69.80 per-
cent. Fourth was “better understanding of family planning” with 67.20 percent. Next
was “wider knowledge of communicable diseases and their prevention”, 62.90 per-
cent and the last one was “awareness of laws on drug abuse” with 58.10 percent.
Three hundred eighty eight or 83.80 percent of the respondents said that they ben-
efited from “enhancement of social skills/interaction with others” of the recreation
aspect of NSTP-CWTS. While “better knowledge of using leisure hours productively”
scored 73.70 percent followed by “importance of recreation to the different aspects of
a person” with 64.10 percent; “knowledge of the kinds of recreation with 63.70 per-
cent; “identify different recreational activities appropriate for different ages” with

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62.40 percent and “awareness of recreation for special cases” scored the least with
51.00 percent.
“Better management of waste materials through 3R’s method (reuse, reduce,
recycle)” got a score of 86.00 percent while “knowing the importance of environ-
mental cleanliness” got 83.40 percent. “Better knowledge of our country’s natural
resources” had 67.40 percent. “Ability to identify the causes of ecological imbalance
and ways to achieve ecological balance” scored 66.30 percent. The fifth place was
“ability to understand human interference with ecosystem” with 65.70 percent. The
last was “knowledge of understanding different plants appropriate to quality and
type of soil” with 49.70 percent.
Of the six (6) items listed on the aspect of entrepreneurship, the respondents scored
the benefits derived as: “better knowledge of the importance of livelihood projects to
a person’s economic progress” with 74.90 percent. “Advantages and disadvantages
of the different forms of business” with 71.10 percent; “Learning simple techniques
of doing business” with 70.50 percent; “Better understanding of entrepreneurship
with 69.10 percent; “Requirements of organizing a business” with 59.60 percent; and
the last “Roles of entrepreneur in our society” with 58.70 percent.
Most of the respondents benefited from the item “Ability to practice different tech-
niques in first aid” of the first aid and emergency aspect of NSTP-CWTS with 86.40
percent. 74.90 percent of them checked “Identify different emergency cases”. “Iden-
tify and apply survival techniques/procedures during emergency cases” got 74.30
percent. The last was “Observe precautionary measures during emergency cases”
with 69.30 percent.
As to values education/formation the respondents scored the items as follows:
“Better understanding of the 4M’s of good citizen” – 89.40 percent; Actual practice
in daily life modern Filipino values” – 87.70 percent; “Identify different Filipino val-
ues” – 86.40 percent; Understanding these Filipino values” – 80.30 percent; “Better
understanding of nationalism and patriotism” – 76.00 percent; and the last, “Apply
appropriate values in every undertaking” – 65.90 percent.
The enumerated benefits were rated by the respondents from a scale of 1-5, where
5 being the highest.
Findings showed that the respondents rated “Ability to communicate” and “Ability
to listen” as very important and very much benefited with mean scores of 4.70 and
4.80 respectively. All other items on basic leadership were rated important with scores
ranging from 4.25 to 4.01.

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As to the aspect of health education, “Awareness of relationship among physical,

mental and social health” and “Necessity of observing proper hygiene” were rated
4.64 and 4.55 respectively with verbal interpretation as very important and very much
benefited. All other items were rated as important and much benefited with mean
scores ranging from 4.38 to 4.31.
All items under the aspect of recreation were rated with mean scores ranging from
4.48 – 4.19 verbally interpreted as important.
Mean scores of 4.74 and 4.67 and verbally interpreted as very important and very
much benefited degree of benefit; were obtained by “Better management of waste
materials through 3R’s method” and “Knowing the importance of environmental
cleanliness”, respectively.
All other items under this aspect of skills enhancement were rated as important
with much benefited degree of benefits ranging from 4.47 – 4.25 mean scores.
All items in entrepreneurship obtained mean scores ranging from 4.35 – 4.19 and
verbally interpreted as important.
Only one item had a mean score of 4.43 with verbal interpretation as important
which is “Observe precautionary measures during emergency cases”. The rest of the
items obtained mean scores ranging from 4.60 – 4.53 and verbally interpreted as very
important with the degree of benefit as very much benefited.
In so far as values education/formation is concerned, only one item had a mean
score of 4.49 and verbally interpreted as Important which was “Apply appropriate
values in every undertaking”. All others obtained mean scores ranging from 4.67 to
4.51 with Very Important verbal interpretation and Very much benefited degree of
benefit.

4.2. Significant difference in the results of the benefits of

NSTP-CWTS respondents as categorized as to gender

Table 1 reveals that there is a significant difference when respondents are categorized
as to gender on the aspects: Basic Leadership, Health education and Values Education
as enhanced by the computed values of 3.951; 6.743 and 3.848 respectively. These
findings indicate that females benefited more than their male counterparts from the
above-mentioned aspects. NSTP-CWTS helped enhanced the female implementers’
ability to communicate, ability to listen and interpersonal relationship. It also made
them very much aware of the importance of health education and applies in their

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daily life good values. Thus, the hypothesis is rejected in so far as these aspects are
concerned.

Table 1: Difference in the Benefits of NSTP-CWTS when Respondents are Categorized as to Gender.

M F TOTAL COMPUTED SIGNIFICANCE VERBAL

F-VALUE LEVEL INTERPRETATION
Ability to 4.63 4.73 4.70 3.156 .076 No Significance
communicate
Better 4.14 4.35 4.28 7.678 .006 Significant
interpersonal
relation ship
Ability to empa 3.99 4.01 4.01 .057 .811 No Significance
thize
Ability to be a 4.14 3.99 4.04 .507 .100 No Significance
team player
Ability to 4.20 4.26 4.24 13.990 .477 No Significance
prioritize others’
needs
Knowledge of the 4.22 4.51 4.40 1.008 .000 Significant
key roles of a
leader
Ability to listen 4.77 4.82 4.80 6.363 .316 No Significance
Involving others 4.23 4.42 4.35 3.951 .012 Significant
decision making
MEAN FOR BASIC 4.29 4.39 4.35 3.951 .047 Significant
LEADERSHIP
Awareness of the 4.57 4.68 4.64 3.476 .063 No Significance
relationship
among physical,
mental and social
health
Better 4.33 4.31 4.32 .089 .766 No Significance
understanding of
family planning
Aware ness of the 4.30 4.43 4.38 3.312 .069 No Significance
causes and
prevent ion of
drug abuse
Awareness of 4.24 4.35 4.31 2.155 .143 No Significance
laws on drug
abuse
Wider knowledge 4.28 4.43 4.38 4.287 .039 Significant
of communicable
diseases and their
preventions
Necessity of 4.39 4.64 4.55 12.940 .000 Significant
observing proper
hygiene
MEAN FOR 4.35 4.47 4.43 6.743 .010 Significant
HEALTH
EDUCATION

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M F TOTAL COMPUTED SIGNIFICANCE VERBAL

F-VALUE LEVEL INTERPRETATION
Better knowledge 4.32 4.41 4.38 1.537 .216 No Significance
of using leisure
hours
productively
Importance of 4.21 4.29 4.26 1.085 .298 No Significance
recreation to the
different aspects
of a person
Knowledge of the 4.18 4.23 4.21 .398 .528 No Significance
kinds of
recreation
Identify different 4.16 4.20 4.18 .328 .567 No Significance
recreational
activities
appropriate for
different ages
Aware ness of 4.17 4.22 4.20 .415 .520 No Significance
recreation for
special cases
Enhancement of 4.42 4.52 4.48 1.882 .171 No Significance
social
skills/interaction
with others
MEAN FOR 4.24 4.31 4.29 1.376 .241 No Significance
RECREATION
Better 4.67 4.78 4.74 4.003 .046 Significant
management of
waste materials
through 3R’s
method (reuse,
reduce, recycle)
Knowledge of 4.27 4.24 4.25 .139 .709 No Significance
understanding
different plants
appropriate to
quality and type
of soil
Knowing the 4.60 4.72 4.68 4.882 .028 Significant
importance of
environment
cleanliness
Better knowledge 4.39 4.42 4.41 .329 .567 No Significance
of our country’s
natural resources
Ability to 4.37 4.39 4.38 .119 .730 No Significance
understand
human
interference with
ecosystem

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M F TOTAL COMPUTED SIGNIFICANCE VERBAL

F-VALUE LEVEL INTERPRETATION
Ability to identify 4.34 4.38 4.37 .357 .550 No Significance
the causes of
ecological
imbalance and
ways to achieve
ecological balance
MEAN FOR 4.44 4.49 4.47 1.121 .290 No Significance
ENVIRONMENTAL
RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
Better 4.28 4.38 4.34 1.378 .241 No Significance
understanding of
entrepreneurship
Roles of an 4.18 4.24 4.21 .598 .440 No Significance
entrepreneur in
our society
Advantages and 4.18 4.28 4.24 1.897 .169 No Significance
disadvantages of
the different
forms of business
Requirements of 4.14 4.22 4.19 1.097 .296 No Significance
organizing a
business
Learning simple 4.18 4.32 4.27 3.062 .081 No Significance
techniques of
doing small
business
Better knowledge 4.26 4.36 4.33 1.448 .230 No Significance
of the importance
of livelihood
projects to a
person’s
economic
progress
MEAN FOR 4.20 4.30 4.26 2.387 .123 No Significance
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Identify different 4.61 4.60 4.60 .001 .973 No Significance
emergency cases
Identify and apply 4.46 4.58 4.53 3.485 .063 No Significance
survival tech-
niques/procedure
during
emergency cases
Observe 4.38 4.46 4.43 1.429 .233 No Significance
precautionary
measures during
emergency cases
Ability to practice 4.49 4.59 4.55 1.854 .174 No Significance
different
techniques in First
Aid

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M F TOTAL COMPUTED SIGNIFICANCE VERBAL

F-VALUE LEVEL INTERPRETATION
MEAN FOR FIRST 4.48 4.56 4.53 1.792 .181 No Significance
AID AND
EMERGENCY
Identify different 4.59 4.66 4.64 1.443 .230 No Significance
Filipino values
Understand these 4.54 4.64 4.61 3.373 .067 No Significance
Filipino values
Apply appropriate 4.48 4.50 4.50 .120 .730 No Significance
values in every
understanding
Better 4.59 4.67 4.64 1.436 .231 No Significance
understanding of
the 4M’s of Good
Citizen
(Maka-Diyos,
Maka-Tao,
Maka-Bayan,
Maka-Kalikasan)
Bettter 4.39 4.58 4.51 7.307 .007 Significant
understanding of
nationalism and
patriotism
Actual practice in 4.61 4.71 4.67 2.527 .113 No Significance
daily life modern
Filipino values
(faith, loyalty,
caring and
affection, industry
and endurance)
Pananalig,
Katapatan,
Pag-aaruga,
Kasipagan, Tibay
ng Loob)
MEAN FOR 4.53 4.63 4.59 3.848 .050 Significant
VALUES
EDUCATION/FORMATION

On the other hand, there was no significant difference between males and females
on the aspects of Recreation, Environmental Resource Management, Entrepreneur-
ship and First Aid and Emergency with computed values ranging from 1.121 to 2.387.
Thus, the hypothesis is accepted.

5. Conclusions and Recommendation

In the light of the foregoing findings of the study, the following conclusions are drawn:
NSTP-CWTS implementers are predominantly female. Majority of the respondents
come from the College of Business and Entrepreneurial Technology;

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 IRCHE 2017

The respondent-implementers derived benefits from skills enhancement in all

its items particularly: Ability to Communicate; Ability to Listen and Involving others
in Decision-making; Awareness of the Relationship among Physical, Mental and Social
Health; Necessity of Observing Proper Hygiene; Enhancement of Social Skills/Interaction
with Others; Better Management of Waste Materials through 3R’s Method; Knowing
the Importance of Environmental Cleanliness; Better Knowledge of the Importance of
Livelihood Projects to a Person’s Economic Progress and Ability to Practice Different
Techniques in First Aid.
In so far as values education/formation is concerned, the respondents have “Better
Understanding of the 4M’s of Good Citizen” Benefits derived from skills enhancement
are generally rated Important while those of values education/formation are rated
Very Important.. Generally, the respondents benefited very much in the NSTP-CWTS
implementation regardless of the college they belonged to. When categorized as to
gender, female implementers benefited more on basic leadership, health education
and values formation. The outstanding problems/difficulties encountered in the NSTP-
CWTS implementation are related to budgetary allocation and inadequacy of funds.
The implementation of NSTP-CWTS necessitate collection of fees from the students
for materials and equipment and periodic trainings for faculty development but lack of
administrative support and proper allocation of NSTP funds for that purpose affected
the degree of success and effectiveness of the program especially during community
immersion as implementers have to rely on their own resources and initiatives.
Based on the conclusions of the study, the following recommendations are for-
warded: For some aspects of NSTP-CWTS rated Very Important by implementers, fac-
ulty members handling classes need to exert efforts to maintain the same level of
assessment; For some aspects of NSTP-CWTS rated Important, there is a need to
further improve training strategies to raise the level of implementers’ assessment;
Since NSTP-CWTS was implemented in 2002, a review of its curriculum content is
recommended to make it more relevant to the present time; The RTU administrators
together with the Office of NSTP need to look into the passive attitude of local govern-
ment officials and NGO’s towards NSTP to ensure that both clienteles and implementers
benefit from any project undertaken; The administration need to support the programs
of NSTP by allocating adequate budget for materials and equipment as well as periodic
trainings of its faculty as the success and sustainability of the NSTP implementation
are reflective of how well the program is supported and aptly given funds. Further
research may be undertaken to improve the implementation of NSTP and to achieve
the goals for which it was mandated.

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References

[1] Panopio, Isabel, et.al. 2004. General Sociology. Quezon City

[2] Sabas, Herculano V., 2002. Readings in the Civic Welfare Training Service. Manila
[3] Fiedler, F.E. 1967. A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness, New York: McGrew-Hill
[4] Koontz, H. and O’Donnell, C. 1981. Principles of Management, New York: McGrew-
Hill.
[5] Terry, GR., Franklin, S. 1982. Principles of Management. Homewood, Ill: Irwin
[6] Fajardo, F. 1994. Entrepreneurship. National Bookstore, Valenzuela Philippines
[7] Coloma, T. and Herrera, M. 2004. Towards a Relevant and Responsive National
Service Training Program in the Schools: Focus on Community Organization and
Development. Mutya Publishing House, Quezon City.

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