This document provides a 4 question, 20 part thermodynamics assignment covering topics including:
1) Deriving expressions for the most probable speed and average speed of molecules in a Maxwellian gas. Calculating mean free path and number of collisions.
2) Proving an expression for change in volume with temperature and pressure for a PVT system. Determining temperature from resistance measurements. Expressions for adiabatic work and isothermal compressibility.
3) Calculating entropy of mixing and comparing for gases and liquids. Statements of the second law of thermodynamics and equivalence. Distinguishing second order and lambda phase transitions.
4) Deriving single partition function and expressions for entropy
This document provides a 4 question, 20 part thermodynamics assignment covering topics including:
1) Deriving expressions for the most probable speed and average speed of molecules in a Maxwellian gas. Calculating mean free path and number of collisions.
2) Proving an expression for change in volume with temperature and pressure for a PVT system. Determining temperature from resistance measurements. Expressions for adiabatic work and isothermal compressibility.
3) Calculating entropy of mixing and comparing for gases and liquids. Statements of the second law of thermodynamics and equivalence. Distinguishing second order and lambda phase transitions.
4) Deriving single partition function and expressions for entropy
This document provides a 4 question, 20 part thermodynamics assignment covering topics including:
1) Deriving expressions for the most probable speed and average speed of molecules in a Maxwellian gas. Calculating mean free path and number of collisions.
2) Proving an expression for change in volume with temperature and pressure for a PVT system. Determining temperature from resistance measurements. Expressions for adiabatic work and isothermal compressibility.
3) Calculating entropy of mixing and comparing for gases and liquids. Statements of the second law of thermodynamics and equivalence. Distinguishing second order and lambda phase transitions.
4) Deriving single partition function and expressions for entropy
This document provides a 4 question, 20 part thermodynamics assignment covering topics including:
1) Deriving expressions for the most probable speed and average speed of molecules in a Maxwellian gas. Calculating mean free path and number of collisions.
2) Proving an expression for change in volume with temperature and pressure for a PVT system. Determining temperature from resistance measurements. Expressions for adiabatic work and isothermal compressibility.
3) Calculating entropy of mixing and comparing for gases and liquids. Statements of the second law of thermodynamics and equivalence. Distinguishing second order and lambda phase transitions.
4) Deriving single partition function and expressions for entropy
Course Code: BPHE-106/PHE-06 Assignment Code: BPHE-106-PHE-06/TMA/2019 Max. Marks: 100 Note: Attempt all questions. Symbols have their usual meanings. The marks for each question are indicated against it.
1. a) The expression of the number of molecules in a Maxwellian gas having speeds in the range v to v + dv is given as 3/ 2 m mv2 dN v 4 N v 2 exp dv 2 k BT 2 k BT
i) Using this relation, derive an expression of the most probable speed of a
molecule in a Maxwellian gas.
1 4 ii) Also, for a Maxwellian gas, show that V , where V is the average V speed. (5+5)
b) The pressure exerted by the gas molecules of radius 1.88 A is 1.01 105 Nm 2 . Calculate the mean free path of the molecules of a gas at 15 C. Also calculate the number of collisions suffered by a molecule in travelling a distance of 1m. Given K B 1.38 10 23 JK 1. (5)
c) i) The mean kinetic energy of molecules of hydrogen at 0 C is 5.60 10 21J and
molar gas constant is 8.31J mol 1 K 1. Calculate the (5)
ii) pressures and high temperatures. (5) 2. a) Prove that for a PVT-system dV dT T dp (5) V b) For a platinum wire, the coefficients of variation of resistance with temperature are 3.90 10 3 C 1 and 5.7 10 7 C 2. A thermometer is fabricated using the wire with R0 20.00 . When the thermometer is placed in contact with a heat bath, the resistance is found to be 26.24 . Determine the temperature of the heat bath. (5) c) Obtain an expression for work done by an ideal gas in an adiabatic process. Also calculate the work done by the gas when one litre of an ideal gas at a pressure of 3 atm expands adiabatically to four times of its initial volume. Given = 1.41. (6+4) d) Isothermal compressibility ( T) is inverse of isothermal elasticity. Obtain its expression for on (5)
3 3. a) Calculate an expression for entropy of mixing of two ideal gases having n1 and n2 moles respectively at constant temperature T and pressure p. Does it hold for liquids also? Justify. (5) b) State Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements of the second law of thermodynamics. Establish the equivalence of these two statements. (5) c) order phase transition is different from lambda transition? Plot Cp versus T for second order and lambda transitions. (5+3+2) d) What is Joule-Thomson effect? Using the expression for Joule-Thomson coefficient, show that an ideal gas does not experience any change in temperature during an adiabatic throttling process. (1+4) 4. a) Derive the single partition function of an ideal monoatomic gas and obtain the expressions for entropy and pressure. (6+2+2) b) Show that the entropy of a diatomic gas near room temperature is given by
3/ 2 7 2 m kB T 5/ 2 S N kB ln (5) 2 h2 rot
c) The thermodynamic probability for Bose-Einstein system is given by
( g i N i 1)! W N i !( g i 1)!
Derive the expression for the distribution function and draw it as a function of energy. (8+2)
