Instruments (Autosaved) (Autosaved)

Restorative instruments
Prepared by:
Dr: Kareem Hamdi
BDS, MDS, PhD
Lecturer of Operative Dentistry.
Every challenge can be overcome if you have the knowledge
about “How to master your instrument”
Classification of instruments
Cutting Isolation
instruments Plastic
instruments
Finishing
condensing
condensing
and
polishing Miscellaneous
Hand cutting instrument
Handle
Knurled
Octagonal
To avoid slippage / provide better control
Shank
Connection between handle and blade
May be straight or angled

Instrument
blade
Blade
Cutting edge: it is the working part of the
instrument.
Blade angle: the angle between the long axis of the

handle and the long axis of the blade
Cutting edge angle: the angle between the

margin of the cutting edge and the long axis of
the handle
Paired Instruments
“ Right / left”
“Double ended instrument”
Instrument formula
EXCAVATORS
• Hoe excavator
• Spoon excavator
• Discoid excavator
• Cleoid excavator
Excavator family
Spoon excavator
For caries
excavation
Bin angle spoon
Triple angle spoon
Spoon
The blades of the spoon excavator may be circular
and called discoid excavator, or it may be clew-like
and called cleoid excavator.
Cleoid
Discoid
Hoe Excavator
The long axis of the blade is perpendicular on

the long axis of the handle
Used for planning enamel walls and forming line

angles in the posterior teeth
Used in class III, V preparations.

Angle former
sharpen internal line angles and preparing retentive features for
gold restorations. Primary cutting edge at an angle other than
90 degree to the blade.
Chisels
“Chisel family”
Straight chisel
Not angulated with one side bevel and cutting edge
perpendicular to long axis of handle. used for cutting
enamel.
Wedelstaedt Chisel
Refining enamel margins

Enamel Hatchet Modification of chisel
The cutting edge in a plane parallel

to long axis of the handle, but the
blade is larger and beveled on only
one side, so it has left and right side.
Gingival marginal trimer
Designed to produce proper bevels at gingival margins. Similar to
enamel hatchet but the blade is curved and the cutting edge may
be at angle other than 90 degree with the blade
Enamel Hatchet
Gingival marginal trimer

Bevel Dilemma
The tip of the blade is called the primary
cutting edge of the hand instrument, also
known as the working end
The thin sides of the blade can also present bevels;

they cut tooth structure and are called secondary
cutting edges.
Circumferential beveled instrument
1- Distal bevel
2- Mesial bevel
3- Blank
1 2
1- For distal cavity 2- for mesial cavity

Instrument handling
Modified pen grasp
Similar to pen grasp but not

identical
The instrument can be held between

thumb and index while middle finger is
rested on the nearby tooth.
Inverted pen grasp
Preparation in
palatal surface of
upper & lingual
surface of lower
teeth.
Palm and thumb grasp
Modified palm and thumb
The handle is held between
the palm of the hand and
grasped by four fingers
and distal bad of palm
The thumb is rested on the
tooth to be prepared or
the nearby one.
Rotary cutting instruments
The precursor of the current handpiece was a machine similar to
sewing machine
Pedals to transform the

movement to the handpiece.
Foot engine that can pressed

by the dentist to transfer the
rotation to the handpiece.
Air Driven handpiece Electric Driven handpiece
1- limited speed
2- Noisy 1- higher speed
3- Require maintenance 2- Higher torque
4- Limited torque. 3-less noising
Key /Wrench type
High Speed Low speed
12.000 RPM 200,000 RPM
Cavity Deep caries
preparation excavation
Crown Finishing and
preparation polishing
Dental Rotary Burs
Shank-designs
Straight- long shank
Latch type shank
Short shank
Bur Shape & Size
Diamond Vs Carbide bur
Carbide Bur
Cutting bur “6-12 fluted”
Blades
Finishing Carbide bur

Carbide Bur Design
n c y
f ic ie
e f
i n g
c utt
iz e
x im
Ma l i fe
h e lf
a ses
n cre
I
Notify Rake angle
It may be:
+ve Rake angle
-ve Rake angle
Zero rake angle
This will reflect on

cutting efficiency and
bur self life
High cutting efficiency and Low cutting efficiency and high
low shelf life shelf life
Cross cut bur Higher cutting efficiency
Decreased friction
Every challenge can be overcome if you have the knowledge
about “How to master your instrument”
Diamond bur
Diamond Bur Classification
Finishing & polishing instruments
Mounted stones: mounted on a metallic shank
that can be adapted to a straight handpiece,
contra-angle
Abrasive Discs: The abrasive instruments can also be
found on the shape of a disc. They are available in many
diameters (1/2, 5/8, 3/4, and 7/8 inches) and require some
type of mandrel
Abrasive impregnated rubber: are rotary instruments with the
active head made of rubber, on which many different types of abrasive
particles such as SiC, aluminum oxide, or diamond powder.

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Restorative instruments

May be straight or angled

Blade angle: the angle between the long axis of the

Cutting edge angle: the angle between the

Triple angle spoon

The long axis of the blade is perpendicular on

Used for planning enamel walls and forming line

Used in class III, V preparations.

Refining enamel margins

The cutting edge in a plane parallel

Gingival marginal trimer

The thin sides of the blade can also present bevels;

1- For distal cavity 2- for mesial cavity

Similar to pen grasp but not

The instrument can be held between

Pedals to transform the

Foot engine that can pressed

Straight- long shank

Latch type shank

Cutting bur “6-12 fluted”

Finishing Carbide bur

This will reflect on

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