NAME OF COURT POWERS AND JURISDICTION

According to the 1987 Constitution, Art. VIII, sec. 5, The Supreme Court exercises the following powers:

1. Exercise jurisdiction over cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and over
petitions for certiorari, prohibition, mandamus, quo warranto, and habeas corpus.

2. Review, revise, reverse, modify, or affirm, on appeal or certiorari, as the law or the Rules of Court may
provide, final judgments and orders of the lower courts in:
o All cases in which the constitutionality or validity of any treaty, international or executive
agreement, law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction, ordinance, or regulation
is in question;
o All cases involving the legality of any tax, impost, assessment, or toll, or any penalty imposed
in relation thereto;
o All cases in which the jurisdiction of any lower court is in issue;
o All criminal cases in which the penalty imposed is reclusion perpetua or higher;
o All cases in which only an error or question of law is involved;
SUPREME COURT
3. Assign temporarily judges of lower courts to other stations as public interest may require. Such temporary
assignments shall not exceed six months without the consent of the judge concerned.

4. Order a change of venue or place of trial to avoid a miscarriage of justice.

5. Promulgate rules concerning the protection and enforcement of constitutional rights, pleading, practice, and
procedure in all courts; the admission to the practice of law, the Integrated Bar; and legal assistance to the
underprivileged. Such rules shall provide a simplified and inexpensive procedure for the speedy disposition of
cases, shall be uniform for all courts the same grade, and shall not diminish, increase or modify substantive
rights. Rules of procedure of special courts and quasi-judicial bodies shall remain effective unless
disapproved by the Supreme Court.

6. Appoint all officials and employees of the Judiciary in accordance with the Civil Service Law (Sec. 5 , id.).
 EXCLUSIVE ORIGINAL APPELLATE SPECIAL
ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
JURISDICTION JURISDICTION JURISDICTION
NAME OF COURT (BP 129 as amended by RA
(BP 129 as amended by RA (BP 129 as amended by RA (BP 129 as amended by
7902)
7902) 7902) RA 7902)
"(2) Exclusive original "(1) Original jurisdiction to "(3) Exclusive appellate "The Court of Appeals
jurisdiction over actions for issue writs of mandamus, jurisdiction over all final shall have the power to
annulment of judgment of prohibition, certiorari, judgments, decisions, try cases and conduct
Regional Trial Courts; and habeas corpus, and quo resolutions, orders or hearings, receive
warranto, and auxiliary writs awards of Regional Trial evidence and perform
or processes, whether or Courts and quasi-judicial any and all acts
not in aid of its appellate agencies, instrumentalities, necessary to resolve
jurisdiction; boards or commissions, factual issues raised in
including the Securities and cases falling within its
Exchange Commission, the original and appellate
Social Security jurisdiction, including the
Commission, the power to grant and
Employees Compensation conduct new trials or
Commission and the Civil further proceedings.
Service Commission, Trials or hearings in the
COURT OF APPEALS Court of Appeals must
except those falling within be continuous and must
the appellate jurisdiction of be completed within
the Supreme Court in three (3) months, unless
accordance with the extended by the Chief
Constitution, the Labor Justice."
Code of the Philippines
under Presidential Decree
No. 442, as amended, the
provisions of this Act, and of
subparagraph (1) of the
third paragraph and
subparagraph (4) of the
fourth paragraph of Section
17 of the Judiciary Act of
1948.
 EXCLUSIVE ORIGINAL
APPELLATE
JURISDICTION ORIGINAL JURISDICTION SPECIAL JURISDICTION
NAME OF COURT JURISDICTION
(BP 129 as amended by (BP 129) (BP 129)
(BP 129)
RA 7691)
All criminal cases not In the issuance of writs of All cases decided by The Supreme Court may designate
within the exclusive certiorari, prohibition, mandamus, Metropolitan Trial certain branches of the Regional Trial
Courts to handle exclusively criminal
jurisdiction of any court, quo warranto, habeas corpus and Courts, Municipal Trial cases, juvenile and domestic relations
tribunal or body, except injunction which may be enforced Courts, and Municipal cases, agrarian cases, urban land
those now falling under in any part of their respective Circuit Trial Courts in reform cases which do not fall under
the exclusive and regions; and their respective the jurisdiction of quasi-judicial bodies
concurrent jurisdiction of territorial jurisdictions. and agencies, and/or such other
special cases as the Supreme Court
the Sandiganbayan In actions affecting ambassadors may determine in the interest of a
and other public ministers and speedy and efficient administration of
consuls. justice.
EXCLUSIVE ORIGINAL JURISDICTION IN CIVIL CASES
(BP 129 as amended by RA 7691 & RA 11576)
1) In all civil actions in which the subject of the litigation is incapable of pecuniary estimation;
REGIONAL TRIAL 2) In all civil actions which involve the title to, or possession of, real property, or any interest therein, where the
COURT assessed value exceeds Four hundred thousand pesos (P400,000.00), except for forcible entry into and unlawful
detainer of lands or buildings, original jurisdiction over which is conferred upon the Metropolitan Trial Courts, and Municipal
Trial Courts in Cities, Municipal Trial Courts, and Municipal Circuit Trial Courts;
3) In all actions in admiralty and maritime jurisdiction where the demand or claims exceeds Two million pesos
(P2,000,000.00);
4) In all matters of probate, both estate and intestate, where the gross value of the estate exceeds Two million pesos
(P2,000,000.00)
5) In all actions involving the contract of marriage and marital relations;
6) In all cases not within the exclusive jurisdiction of any court, tribunal, person or body exercising jurisdiction of any
court, tribunal, person or body exercising judicial or quasi-judicial functions;
7) In all civil actions and special proceedings falling within the exclusive original jurisdiction of a Juvenile and
Domestic Relations Court and of the Court of Agrarian Relations as now provided by law; and
8) In all other cases in which the demand, exclusive of interest, damages of whatever kind, attorney’s fees, litigation
expenses and costs or the value of the property in controversy exceeds Two million pesos (P2,000,000.00 ).”
 SPECIAL
EXCLUSIVE ORIGINAL JURISDICTION DELEGATED JURISDICTION
NAME OF COURT JURISDICTION
(BP 129 as amended by RA 7691) (BP 129 as amended by RA 7691)
(BP 129)
"(1) Exclusive original jurisdiction over all violations of– Metropolitan Trial Courts, Municipal Trial In the absence of all the
city or municipal ordinances committed within their Courts, and Municipal Circuit Trial Courts Regional Trial Judges in a
respective territorial jurisdiction; and may be assigned by the Supreme Court to province or city, any
hear and determine cadastral or land Metropolitan Trial Judge,
"(2) Exclusive original jurisdiction over all offenses registration cases covering lots where there is Municipal Trial Judge,
punishable with imprisonment not exceeding six (6) no controversy or opposition, or contested Municipal Circuit Trial
years irrespective of the amount of fine, and lots where the value of which does not Judge may hear and decide
regardless of other imposable accessory or other exceed One hundred thousand pesos petitions for a writ
penalties, including the civil liability arising from such (P100,000.00), such value to be ascertained of habeas corpus or
offenses or predicated thereon, irrespective of kind, by the affidavit of the claimant or by applications for bail in
nature, value or amount thereof: Provided, however, agreement of the respective claimants if there criminal cases in the
That in offenses involving damage to property through are more than one, or from the corresponding province or city where the
criminal negligence, they shall have exclusive original tax declaration of the real property. Their absent Regional Trial
jurisdiction thereof." decisions in these cases shall be appealable Judges sit.
in the same manner as decisions of the
Regional Trial Courts."
EXCLUSIVE ORIGINAL JURISDICTION ON CIVIL CASE
MTC / MCTC / (BP 129 as amended by RA 7691 & RA 11576)
METROPOLITAN 1) Exclusive original jurisdiction over civil actions and probate proceedings, testate and intestate, including the grant of provisional
TRIAL COURT remedies in proper cases, where the value of the personal property, estate, or amount of the demand does not exceed Two million
pesos (P2,000,000.00), exclusive of interest, damages of whatever kind, attorney’s fees, litigation expenses, and costs, the amount
of which must be specifically alleged: Provided, That interest, damages of whatever kind, attorney’s fees, litigation expenses, and costs shall
be included in the determination of the filing fees: Provided, further, That where there are several claims or causes of actions between the same
or different parties, embodied in the same complaint, the amount of the demand shall be totality of the claims in all the causes of action,
irrespective of whether the causes of action arose out of the same or different transactions;

2) Exclusive original jurisdiction over cases of forcible entry and unlawful detainer: Provided, That when, in such cases, the defendant
raises the questions of ownership in his pleadings and the question of possession cannot be resolved without deciding the issue of ownership, the
issue of ownership shall be resolved only to determine the issue of possession; and

3) Exclusive original jurisdiction in all civil actions which involve title to, or possession of, real property, or any interest therein where
the assessed value of the property or any interest therein does not exceed Four hundred thousand pesos (P400,000.00) exclusive
on interest, damages of whatever kind, attorney’s fees, litigation expenses and costs: Provided, That in cases of land not declared for
taxation purposes, the value of such property shall be determined by the assessed value of the adjacent lots.

4) Exclusive original jurisdiction in admiralty and maritime actions where the demand or claim does not exceed Two million pesos
(P2,000,000.00).”