Health Las 4
Health Las 4
Health Las 4
Region X
DIVISION OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY
CDONHS- Balulang Annex
Balulang, Cagayan de Oro City
SY:2020-2021
Health 8
fourth QUARTER
PREPARED BY:
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DIVISION OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS)
GRADE 8
Name: Date: Score:
Subject : MAPEH ( HEALTH QUARTER 4 )
Lesson Title : PREVENTION OF SUBSTANCES USE AND ABUSE
Learning Competency : DISCUSSES GATEWAY DRUGS ( H8S-Iva-27)
Reference: PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH ( LEARNING MATERIAL 8 ) LAS No.: H4.1
CONCEPT NOTES:
Gateway drugs such as cigarettes and alcohol are legal drugs that a non-drug user might
try, which can lead him/her to more dangerous drugs such as marijuana and shabu.
Since cigarettes and alcohol are readily available and generally accepted in our society,
many people use them for various purposes. Teenagers like you are especially vulnerable
because you are curious and risk-takers. According to the study done by the National Youth
Commission (NYC), 2 out of 5 Filipino teenagers aged 13 to 15 years old smoke cigarettes
(philstar.com, March 16, 2012). Furthermore, in a study conducted by an anti-tobacco group in the year 2011, ten
Filipinos die every year of tobacco-related diseases (Philippine Daily Inquirer, Sept. 19, 2011). Health experts explained
that the continuous increase in cigarette use and alcohol consumption by Filipino teenagers is due to its very cheap
price. Many pro-health groups are now asking the government to increase taxes of cigarette and alcohol companies. The
increase in taxes will likewise increase cigarette and alcohol prices in the country.
EXERCISE:
Direction: In a 1 whole bond paper make a poster slogan about gateway drugs.
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DIVISION OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS)
GRADE 8
CONCEPT NOTES:
Effects of smoking tobacco on the body
Inhaling tobacco smoke causes damage to many of the body’s organs and systems.
DIRECTIONS: MAKE ATLEAST 10 RAGE FACE ABOUT THE HARMFUL EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKING IN OUR BODY ( bond
paper)
EXAMPLE:
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DIVISION OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS)
GRADE 8
CONCEPT NOTES:
DANGERS OF MAINSTREAM, SECOND HAND AND THIRD HAND SMOKE
Every time a cigarette is lit, smoke is emitted. There are three smokes produced by cigarette smoking namely:
1. Mainstream Smoke – refers specifically to the smoke that a smoker directly inhales.
2. Side stream Smoke – the smoke that comes out of the lighted end of a cigarette or pipe.
This is also called “second-hand smoke (SHS) or “environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). This
is more dangerous than mainstream smoke because it is not filtered and is easily
absorbed by body cells.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classifies secondhand smoke as a Group A Carcinogen. This means
that cigarette smoke has substances known to cause cancer to humans. Short exposures to secondhand smoke
can also cause changes in a passive smoker's blood, making blood platelets stickier, adding friction to the blood
vessels causing damages to its lining and thus causes an increase in heart rate and performance (www.epa.gov).
3. Third-hand Smoke – smoke left for a long time on sofa, beddings, pillow and other objects. This smoke also
called residual tobacco smoke (RTS) settles along with dust and can last for months. This smoke still contains
harmful chemicals and carcinogens.
THE ENVIRONMENT
Tobacco products negatively impact and damage our environment. Cigarette butts are not just a nuisance, they are toxic
waste. They contain chemicals that contaminate our waterways and ground soil and harm our wildlife. Discarded
lit cigarettes can cause fires, which can damage homes and land.
THE COMMUNITY
Tobacco kills up to half of its users. Tobacco kills more than 8 million people each year. More than 7 million of those
deaths are the result of direct tobacco use while around 1.2 million are the result of non-smokers being exposed to
second-hand smoke. Over 80% of the world's 1.3 billion tobacco users live in low- and middle-income countries.
MAKE A POSTER SLOGAN ABOUT HOW DOES CIGARETTE SMOKING AFFECT THE FAMILY, ENVIRONMENT AND
COMMUNITY ( bond paper)
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DIVISION OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS)
GRADE 8
CONCEPT NOTES:
Alcohol is a colorless, bitter-tasting substances that humans have been consuming
since the ancient times. It comes from plants that underwent fermentation. There
are 3 types of alcohol: isopropyl, methanol, and ethanol. Isopropyl and methanol
are used in laboratories and are poisonous and fatal if taken. On the other hand,
ethanol is also called the beverage alcohol.
The addictive type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages is called ethanol.
Ethanol can be produced synthetically or naturally through fermentation (grains,
fruits, vegetables); fermentation is the chemical action of yeast on sugars.
Alcohol is classified as a depressant, which will slow down the process of the CNS.
SHORT TERM EFFECTS
Effects on the brain:
Development
Memory
Judgment and control
Risk of stroke
Effects on the heart:
Increase heart rate and blood pressure
Heart rhythm becomes irregular
Decreased body temperature
Effects on Liver and Kidney:
Chemicals that are metabolized can cause inflammation and scarring of the liver.
Increase urine output and increase the chance of dehydration.
Effects on Stomach:
Nausea and vomiting
Disrupt the absorption of nutrients (pancreas)
LONG TERM EFFECTS
Damage to brain cells
Increase in blood pressure (heart attack, stroke)
Buildup of fat cells in the liver
Damage to digestive lining of the stomach (ulcers and cancer)
Destruction of the pancreas
Cirrhosis of the liver
What long term effects might alcohol have on the liver?
Hepatitis
Inflammation of liver
Cirrhosis
Scarring of the liver
Liver cancer
1. ____________ is a colorless, bitter-tasting substances that humans have been consuming since the ancient
times.
2. The addictive type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages is called _________.
3. Nausea and vomiting are effects of alcohol on the _______.
4. _______________ are used in laboratories and are poisonous and fatal if taken.
5. Increase urine output and increase the chance of dehydration are effects of alcohol on ___________.
DIRECTIONS: DRAW A HUMAN BODY AND ILLUSTRATE THE DIFFERENT SHORT-AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL
IN OUR BODY.(BOND PAPER)
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DIVISION OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS)
GRADE 8
CONCEPT NOTES:
WHAT IS BAC?
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) is the amount of alcohol in the blood at any given time. A
BAC of .10 means that a person’s blood contains one part alcohol to 1000 parts blood. The only thing
that can lower BAC is time.
Factors that can affect BAC are gender, amount of alcohol ingested, weight, speed of consumption, metabolism,
food in the stomach (how much and what type), and medications.
1/5 of all teen drivers involved in fatal car accidents have a BAC of 0.01%.
Scenario 2: David is a 240 pound male who met some friends for drinks at a club around 10:30 pm. The bar closed at
3:00 am, but David and his friends wanted to “beat the rush,” so they finished their last drinks at 2:30 and left. Each
person drank 6 drinks. When reaching their cars in the parking lot, David noticed that his friend Anthony was stumbling
so badly that he decided he was too intoxicated to allow him to drive, so David drove Anthony home.
1) What is David’s blood alcohol percentage? Show your work.
2) Describe his characteristics.
3) Should David be driving? Why or why not?
4) If Anthony had the same number of drinks during the same time, why is he more intoxicated?
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DIVISION OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS)
GRADE 8
CONCEPT NOTES:
THE COMMUNITY
Concerns to the community that are associated with alcohol use include noise, litter, offensive behavior,
vandalism, aggression, petty crime, assault and road safety issues. Many of these social consequences can result to
violence or injury to others.
1.Our barangay is known for alcoholic drinkers. Almost every week, there are reported cases of fist fights and murder
involving drunk persons. Some neighbors started moving away from the barangay. We cannot transfer to another place
because we don’t have money. We are worried about our safety.
A. What will you do if you are one of the citizens in that barangay?
B. In your own simple way how will you help your barangay official in solving the problem of alcoholic drinkers?
2. Alcoholism has affected our family so much. My father used to drink alcohol every day. When he goes home drunk, he
scolds us and sometimes even hurt us. He has stopped working because he cannot wake up early for work. My father
already stopped drinking but it’s already late. It was detected that my father has liver problems.
CONCEPT NOTES:
Republic Act No. 9211, otherwise known as “The Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003” is the law governing tobacco
production, distribution and use. Some of its important provisions are the following:
HEALTHFUL ENVIRONMENT
Section 5. Smoking Ban in Public Places. Smoking shall be absolutely prohibited in the following public places;
a. Centers of youth activity such as playschools, preparatory schools, elementary schools, high schools, colleges and
universities, youth hostels and recreational facilities for persons under eighteen (18) years old
b. Elevators and stairways
c. Locations in which fire hazards are present, including gas stations and storage areas for flammable liquids, gas,
explosives or combustible materials
d. Within the buildings and premises of public and private hospitals, medical, dental, and optical clinics, health centers,
nursing homes, dispensaries and laboratories
e. Public conveyances and public facilities including airport and ship terminals and train and bus stations, restaurants
and conference halls, except for separate smoking areas
Section 10. Sale of Tobacco Products Within School Perimeters. – The sale or distribution of tobacco products is
prohibited within one hundred (100) meters from any point of the perimeter of a school, public playground, or other
facility frequented particularly by minors
Chapter 2, Article 5, Section 24 of Republic Act No. 8749, also known as the “Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999” states
that: Smoking inside a public building or an enclosed public place including public vehicles and other means of transport
or in any enclosed area outside of one's private residence, private place of work or any duly designated smoking area is
hereby prohibited under this Act. This provision shall be implemented by the Local Government Units.
How To Say NO
Step 1: What is the problem? Say what is wrong. Say “that is wrong,” or “that is bad,” or “that is prohibited,” or “that is
against the law/ school rules.”
Activity: Identify the appropriate life skills to be practiced in the following scenarios. Justify your answers.
1. After school, Alfred is wandering home with a group of friends. One of the girls got some cigarettes out of her
bag, lights one then passes it to another friend. Some of the friends take a few puffs then pass it on to Alfred.
Alfred doesn’t like smoking but wants to be part of the group. What should he do?
2. At a party, a boy is talking to Janet. Suddenly, the boy takes out a bottle of liquor from his bag, opens it and asks
her to drink. Janet doesn’t really drink. What should she do?
EXERCISE 2 : IDENTIFICATION
Write the corresponding Republic act or section where the statement belongs.
________1. The sale or distribution of tobacco products is prohibited within one hundred (100) meters from any point of
the perimeter of a school, public playground, or other facility frequented particularly by minors.
________2. Under this Act, it shall be unlawful for any retailer of tobacco products to sell or distribute tobacco products
to any minor (persons below 18 years of age)
________3. Smoking inside a public building or an enclosed public place including public vehicles and other means of
transport or in any enclosed area outside of one's private residence, private place of work or any duly designated
smoking area is hereby prohibited under this Act.
________4. “The Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003” is the law governing tobacco production, distribution and use.
________5. Smoking shall be absolutely prohibited in the following public places such as centers of youth activity such
as playschools, preparatory schools, elementary schools, high schools, colleges and universities, youth hostels and
recreational facilities for persons under eighteen (18) years old
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DIVISION OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS)
GRADE 8
CONCEPT NOTES:
We would save ourselves a lot of trouble and hassle if we could find ways to manage stress and busy days in
ways other than drinking alcohol. Our natural reaction to bad news, busy weeks, or hard days is often to have a drink.
We seem to think that alcohol soothes the mind, or medicates our nerves, or maybe that it is our reward after enduring
something negative. But we forget about how alcohol makes us feel the morning after, and how much time and money
we actually waste on this substance that usually causes more harm than good. So maybe the next time we experience
hardship, we shouldn’t reach for the alcohol. Maybe we shouldn’t make so many jokes about how a mom is really going
to need a drink after that long day with the kids. Maybe we shouldn’t encourage co-workers to come out to the bar to
drink their stresses from the day away.
There are many reasons to quit smoking, including better health, the high cost of cigarettes and no-smoking
bans in public places. However, fighting the urge to reach for a smoke can be tough when you're addicted. Healthy
alternatives can distract you from lighting up and keep your hands and mouth busy
1. Busy Hands
Keeping your hands occupied can prevent you from putting tobacco to your lips. Consider starting a blog about your
smoking-cessation journey or blogging about your efforts to fight your nicotine cravings. Typing will keep your fingers
flying and away from your smokes.
2. Exercise
Physical activity will help get your mind off the urge to smoke and can reduce the intensity of your tobacco craving.
According to MayoClinic.com, 30 minutes of moderate exercise can make a tobacco craving go away. Exercise can also
reduce the chances of relapsing after you give up smoking, notes the National Institutes of Health’s Weight-Control
Information Network.
3. Calling for Support
Having a supportive friend or family member to call when you feel like lighting up can often be the motivation you
need to resist.
4. Rewarding Yourself
Instead of lighting up, give yourself a reward for resisting the urge. Buy a book you’ve been wanting to read, go out to
eat at your favorite restaurant or treat yourself to a movie. Bonus: You won’t be able to smoke during the two-hour
movie, providing an additional healthy alternative. Put money into a jar every time you successfully fight a nicotine
craving and use the cash for your reward.
Imagine that you will be hire in the Lung Center of the Philippines to encourage young smokers to stop smoking or to
avoid trying to smoke in the first place. List down 10 things that you should do in the campaign to persuade adolescents
not to smoke.