CLASS

VII

2022-23
DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION
GOVT. OF NCT OF DELHI
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
SUBJECT EXPERTS & CONTENT DEVELOPMENT TEAM (Class-VII)
SESSION 2022-2023

Dr. SUNIL AGGARWAL, LECTURER

STATE COORDINATOR, MENTAL MATHS PROJECT
Govt. S. Co-ed Sr. Sec. School, Possangipur, B-1 Janak Puri (School ID - 1618003)
Ms. SAMPDA GULATI, VICE PRINCIPAL
STATE CO-COORDINATOR, MENTAL MATHS PROJECT
GSKV, C-Block, No.1, Janak Puri (School ID - 1618017)
Mr. DAVINDER KUMAR, VICE-PRINCIPAL

OSD, Coordination Branch, DOE, HQ

Ms. AAKANSHA CHAUDHARY, TGT
RPVV Sector-5, Dwarka, New Delhi -75 (School ID - 1821286)
Mr. KUMAR GAURAV, TGT
Govt Co-ed Sr. Sec. School, Kangan Heri, New Delhi- 110071 (School ID - 1821034)
Mr. NAVEEN KUMAR NASSA, LECTURER
GBSSS, AP Block, Shalimar Bagh (School ID - 1309007)
Mr. ASHOK KUMAR ARORA, TGT
SBV, Ashok Nagar (School ID - 1515002)
Mr. MUNISH KANSRA, TGT
GBSSS, Rajouri Garden Extn. (School ID - 1515018)

COVER PAGE DESIGN & TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Mr.PREM KUMAR SHARMA, LECTURER

GBSSS, No. 1, C-Block, Janak Puri (School ID - 1618006)
Mr. NARESH KUMAR, TGT
GSBV, No. 2, C-Block, Janak Puri (School ID - 1618005)
 STATE LEVEL MENTAL MATHS QUIZ COMPETITION RESULT 2021-2022
LEVEL-2
REGION- EAST (1st POSITION)
NAME OF
NAME OF SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS FATHER'S NAME STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT CODE
TEACHER

MANOJ
1 VII AMAN KUMAR ARVIND KUMAR 20180251958 22.11.2008 SBV ANAND VIHAR 1001208
KUMAR

JEEWAN SINGH RSKV NO.2

2 VII SALONI BOHRA 20150236610 14.05.2009 1002193 HEMLATA
BOHRA SHAKARPUR

DAYANAND
3 VII AYUSH RAM BAHADUR 20150342631 20.10.2009 GBSSS SONIA VIHAR 1104336
TIWARI

REGION - WEST (1ST RUNNER UP)

NAME OF
NAME OF SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS FATHER'S NAME STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT CODE
TEACHER
GAUTAM LALAN SCAN, SBV NO.2, B ANAND
1 VII 20140045124 18.08.2009 1514008
CHAUDHARY CHAUDHARY BLOCK JANAKPURI KUMAR
GSKV AMLAWAS ABHA
2 VII ANJALI KAMAL SINGH 20140152848 09.04.2009 1617036
JWALAPURI CHAUHAN
RAJ KUMAR SKV NO.2 C-BLOCK JYOTI
3 VII DHWANI GUPTA 20190168191 16.03.2010 1618022
GUPTA JANAKPURI MUDGAL

REGION - SOUTH (2ND RUNNER UP)

NAME OF
NAME OF SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS FATHER'S NAME STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT CODE
TEACHER
AMIT KUMAR
1 VII SNEHA 20200009018 04.02.2010 GSKV SAMALKA 1821022 VINTI SINGLA
MISHRA

2 VII PRACHI HARENDRA SINGH 20190306601 14.11.2009 SBV NO-2 MEHRAULI 1923079 NEERAJ RANA

SHRI PRAKASH SBSSV QUTUB

3 VII ATUL ADARSH 20200050037 09.04.2009 1923004 RAKESH
SINGH MEHRAULI

REGION - CENTRAL (4TH POSITION)

NAME OF
NAME OF SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS FATHER'S NAME STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT CODE
TEACHER
GSKV SHASTRI
1 VII ASHU PAWAN SHUKLA 20140042794 20.02.2009 1208095 SONAM
NAGAR
SUDHIR KUMAR GBSSS NO.1 SHAKTI RAVI
2 VII RUDRA MISHRA 20200003226 15.02.2010 1207019
MISHRA NAGAR SHANKAR
THAKUR ADARSH THAKUR RAM RPSV NEW RAJENDER
3 VII 20180251754 25.07.2010 2128032 SHIKHA GERA
SINGH BAISH SINGH NAGAR

REGION - NORTH (5TH POSITION)

NAME OF
NAME OF SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS FATHER'S NAME STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT CODE
TEACHER
PRABHAT RAJESH
1 VII SUSHIL JHA 20200118349 03.12.2008 GBSSS NITHARI 1412259
KUMAR JHA SHARMA
GAJENDER
2 VII JATIN SHARMA 20200103916 01.09.2009 SBV POOTHKALAN 1412007 RAJU
SHARMA
PARDEEP
3 VII CHIRAG RAM NARAYAN 20190088812 15.04.2010 SBV BANKNER 1310168
SHARMA
SCHEDULE OF MENTAL MATHS QUIZ COMPETITIONS
FOR THE YEAR 2022-2023
DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION
GOVT OF NCT OF DELHI

 Practice to students from Question Bank 01.04.2022 to 15.10.2022

 School level Quiz Competition 17.10.2022 to 07.11.2022

 Cluster level Quiz Competition 08.11.2022 to 14.11.2022

 Zonal level Quiz Competition 21.11.2022 to 30.11.2022

 District level Quiz Competition 07.12.2022 to 14.12.2022

 Regional level Quiz Competition 26.12.2022 to 31.12.2022

 State level Quiz Competition 18.01.2023 to 31.01.2023

 INDEX
S.No. Chapter Page No.
1. Integers 1

2. Fractions and Decimals 7

3. Data Handling 13

4. Simple Equations 21

5. Lines and Angles 26

6. The Triangle and Its Properties 36

7. Congruence of Triangles 44

8. Comparing Quantities 53

9. Rational Numbers 59

10. Practical Geometry 64

11. Perimeter and Area 69

12. Algebraic Expressions 78

13. Exponents and Powers 84

14. Symmetry 89

15. Visualizing Solid Shapes 97

 Chapter 1
Integers
Points to remember:

 The collection of whole numbers and negative numbers is called

integers.

 On a number line, all numbers to the right of 0 are positive integers

and all numbers to the left of 0 are negative integers

 Zero is an integer which is neither positive nor negative.

 On a number line, the integer occurring on the right is greater, that

is, if integer 𝒙 lies on the right of integer y, then 𝒙 > 𝒚.

 On a number line, the integer occurring on the left is smaller, that is,
if integer 𝒙 lies on the left of integer y then 𝒙 < 𝒚.

 There is no greatest or smallest integer.

 𝟏 is the smallest positive integer.

 −𝟏 is the greatest negative integer.

 For any three integers a, b and c

i. 𝐚 + 𝐛 = 𝐛 + 𝐚 (Commutative law of addition)

ii. (𝐚 + 𝐛) + 𝐜 = 𝐚 + (𝐛 + 𝐜) (Associative law of addition)

iii. (𝐚 × 𝐛) × 𝐜 = 𝐚 × (𝐛 × 𝐜) (Associative law of multiplication)

iv. 𝐚 × (𝐛 + 𝐜) = 𝐚 × 𝐛 + 𝐚 × 𝐜 (Distributive law of multiplication

over addition)

Page | 1
 v. 𝐚 × (𝐛 − 𝐜) = 𝐚 × 𝐛 − 𝐚 × 𝐜 (Distributive law of multiplication
over subtraction)

 Product of even number of terms of negative integers is positive,

whereas the product of odd number of terms of negative integers is
negative.

 If a and b are two integers such that 𝐚 > 𝐛, then– 𝐚 < −𝐛. For
example: 𝟑 > 𝟐 and −𝟑 < −𝟐. Again if 𝐚 < 𝐛, then – 𝐚 > −𝐛. For
example: 𝟕 < 𝟗 and−𝟕 > −𝟗.

 To add two integers of same sign, add them and keep the sign of the
𝟕 + 𝟗 = 𝟏𝟔
greater number. For example :
−𝟕 + (−𝟗) = −𝟏𝟔

 To add two integers of opposite sign, subtract them and keep the sign
−𝟕 + 𝟗 = +𝟐
of the greater number For example :
+𝟕 + (−𝟗) = −𝟐

 Zero is the additive identity of integers.

 Additive inverse of a is – 𝐚 and vice-versa.

 Sum of a number and its additive inverse is always zero.

𝐚 + (−𝐚) = (−𝐚) + 𝐚 = 𝟎.

 One is the multiplicative identity of integers

𝟏
 Multiplicative inverse of a is and vice-versa where 𝐚 ≠ 𝟎.
𝐚

 Product of a non-zero number and its multiplicative inverse is

always 1

𝟏 𝟏
𝐚× = ×𝐚=𝟏
𝐚 𝐚

Page | 2
Questions:

1. Find the sum of −𝟓𝟐 and −𝟖𝟕.

2. Find the sum of −𝟐𝟎𝟑𝟓 and 𝟐𝟖𝟓.

3. Subtract −𝟒𝟔 from 144.

4. What is the additive inverse of 285−(𝟏𝟑𝟓 + 𝟏𝟓𝟎).

5. Subtract the sum of −𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟖 and 𝟖𝟕𝟖 from 3000.

6. Simplify {−𝟏𝟑 − (−𝟐𝟕)} + {−𝟐𝟓 − (−𝟒𝟎)}.

7. Find the value of 𝟏𝟒𝟖𝟕 × 𝟑𝟐𝟓 + (−𝟒𝟖𝟕) × 𝟑𝟐𝟓.

8. Find the value of 𝟐𝟖𝟗𝟓 × 𝟗𝟗 − (−𝟐𝟖𝟗𝟓).

9. Find the value of 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎 ÷ 𝟐𝟎 − 𝟏𝟒.

10. Evaluate 𝟑𝟐 − (𝟐 × 𝟓) + 𝟒.

11. Find the two integers which have difference 6 and sum −𝟏𝟖.

12. What is the sum of first seven negative integers?

13. What is the product of first 3 multiples of 5?

14. Find the product of (−𝟏𝟐𝟓) × (−𝟓𝟑𝟕) × (−𝟖).

15. How many odd integers less than 100 are a multiple of both 3 and 5?

16. Subtract the sum of (−𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟐) and 878 from −𝟑𝟒.

17. Find the product of 𝟐𝟐𝟓 × (−𝟏𝟓).

18. Simplify: (−𝟑) + (−𝟏𝟐) ÷ (−𝟒) − 𝟑 × (−𝟑).

19. Simplify: 𝟑𝟐 − {𝟑𝟐 − [𝟑𝟐 − (𝟑𝟐 − ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅

𝟑𝟐 − 𝟑𝟐)]}

20. Find the number which is obtained when three is multiplied by one
less than the difference of nineteen and five.

21. Some number added to −𝟏𝟏 is 37. Divide this number by −𝟏𝟐. Then,
multiply by −𝟖 . What is the final number?

Page | 3
22. Find the number obtained when ninety is divided by three more than
the sum of 8 and 7.

23. Find: 𝟔 × 𝟗 × 𝟎 − 𝟖 ÷ 𝟒

24. Find: 𝟗𝟎 − (−𝟑) × (−𝟑) × (−𝟑)

25. (−𝟏)𝟐𝟕 × (−𝟏)𝟑𝟓 =?

26. Evaluate: 𝟕𝟗𝟓 × (−𝟐𝟓) + (−𝟕𝟗𝟓) × 𝟕𝟓

27. What is the sum of first ten positive and first ten negative integers?

28. Divide 324 by (−𝟐𝟕).

29. Evaluate: {(−𝟑𝟎) ÷ 𝟓} ÷ 𝟐

30. The product of two integers is 729. If one of the integer is (−𝟐𝟕), find
the other integer.

31. What will be the quotient if (−𝟏𝟓𝟔𝟐𝟓) is divided by (−𝟏𝟐𝟓)?

32. A group of hikers is descending the mountain at a rate of 600 feet per
hour. What is the change in elevation of the hikers after 6 hours?

33. Arrange the following in increasing order: −𝟐, −𝟗, 𝟕, −𝟔, 𝟓, 𝟎, −𝟑

34. Simplify: 𝟓𝟏𝟎 − [𝟐𝟕𝟎 − (𝟗𝟎 − ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅

𝟖𝟎 + 𝟕𝟎)].

35. Determine the integer whose product with −𝟑 becomes zero.

36. A man drives his car at a speed of 40 km/hr. How long will it take to
cover 160 km?

37. In a test (+𝟔) marks are given for every correct answer and (−𝟑)
marks are given for every incorrect answer and 0 for answer not
attempted. Ramesh gets 5 correct and 8 incorrect out of 15 questions.
What is his total score?

38. Determine the integer whose product with −𝟏𝟑 is −𝟑𝟓𝟏.

Page | 4
39. Sara monitors a snail in her aquarium. She notes that this morning it
crawled 1 inch up the glass. A few hours later it crawled another 2
inch up the glass. Later, it crawled 4 inch down the glass. How far is
the snail from where it started?

40. Find the product of first four odd negative integers?

41. What is the multiplicative inverse of (−𝟏𝟓𝟎 + 𝟖𝟓)?

42. Simplify: −(𝟐𝟎) + (−𝟖) ÷ (−𝟐) × 𝟑.

43. An elevator descends into a mine shaft at the rate of 7 m/min. If the
descend starts from 5m above the ground level, how long will it take
to reach −𝟐𝟎𝟓𝒎?

44. The sum of two integers is −𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎. If one of them is 599, then find the
other integer.

45. Evaluate: 𝟐𝟒 + 𝟏𝟐 ÷ 𝟒 − 𝟓 × 𝟑.

46. Garvit earns a profit of `2 by selling one pen and suffers a loss of 50
paisa by selling one pencil. One day, Garvit earns a profit of `10 if he
sold 15 pens, then how many pencils did he sell?

47. Add the additive inverse of (−𝟏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔 − 𝟒𝟐 ÷ ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅

𝟑 𝐨𝐟 𝟕 ) to the
product of −𝟐, −𝟑 and −𝟒.

48. From the given number line, find the additive inverse of (𝐀 − 𝐁 − 𝐂)

49. From the given number line, find the multiplicative inverse of
[(𝐀 − 𝐁)𝐂].

50. The product of three integers is −𝟗𝟎𝟎. It two of them are +𝟐𝟓 and
−𝟔, find the third integer.

Page | 5
Answers:
1. -139 26. -79500
2. -1750 27. 0
3. 190 28. -12
4. 0 29. -3
5. 4000 30. -27
6. 29 31. 125
7. 325000 32. 3600 feet
8. 289500 33. -9,-6,-3,-2, 0, 5, 7

9. 46 34. 180
10. 26 35. 0
11. -6,-12 36. 4 hours
12. -28 37. 6
13. 750 38. 27
14. -537000 39. 1 inch down
15. 3 40. 105
16. 120 41. -1/65
17. -3,375 42. -8
18. 9 43. 30 minutes
19. 0 44. -2099
20. 39 45. 12
21. 32 46. 40 pencils
22. 5 47. -26
23. -2 48. 7
24. 117 49 1/400
25. 1 50. 6

Page | 6
 Chapter 2
Fractions and Decimals

Points to remember:
𝐚
 The numbers of the form 𝐛, where a and b are whole numbers and

𝐛 ≠ 𝟎 are known as fractions.

 A fraction may be a proper fraction, improper fraction or mixed

fraction.

 In a proper fraction, the numerator is smaller than the denominator.

In an improper fraction the numerator is greater than the
denominator.
𝐚
, 𝐚 < 𝐛 → Proper Fraction
𝐛

𝐚
, 𝐚 > 𝐛 → Improper Fraction
𝐛

 A proper fraction represents a part of a whole whereas improper

fraction is a combination of whole and a proper fraction.
𝟏
 Reciprocal of 𝐚 is ,𝐚 ≠ 𝟎 and
𝐚
𝟏
Reciprocal of 𝐚 is 𝐚, 𝐚 ≠ 𝟎.

Tips and Tricks

𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐢𝐫 𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬

 Product of two fractions =
𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐢𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐧𝐨𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬

 When two proper fractions are multiplied, the product is less than
both the fractions.

 The product of two improper fractions is greater than each of the

fractions that are multiplied.

Page | 7
 To multiply a decimal number by 10, 100 or 1000 we move the
decimal point, in the number, to the right by as many places as the
number of zeroes in the multiplier, to get the product.

 Similarly while dividing a decimal number by 10, 100 or 1000, we

move the decimal point, in the number, to the left by as many places
as the number of zeroes in the divisor, to get the quotient.

Questions:
𝟏 𝟑 𝟐
1. Evaluate: 𝟑 𝟓 + 𝟒 𝟓 + 𝟕 𝟓

𝟏 𝟑 𝟐
2. Find the sum of: , ,
𝟑 𝟓 𝟔

𝟏 𝟐
3. Simplify: 𝟗 − 𝟑 𝟑 + 𝟒 𝟑

𝟏𝟕
4. What should be subtracted from 12 to get ?
𝟐

𝟑
5. What should be added to 5𝟕 to get 12?

𝟑
6. Find the value of 6 of 7.
𝟒

𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟓 𝟑𝟓
7. Simplify: × 𝟐𝟖 × 𝟑𝟔
𝟐𝟓

𝟑
8. Find of 1 kg in grams.
𝟐𝟎

𝟕
9. Find of a litre in ml.
𝟐𝟎

10. Pooja plants 6 saplings in a row in her garden. The distance between
𝟑
two adjacent saplings is m. Find the distance between the first and
𝟓

the last sapling.

𝟐 𝟒
11. Rani ate part of a cake while her brother Rahul ate of the
𝟕 𝟓

remaining. What part of the cake is left?

𝟑 𝟐
12. What is the reciprocal of 𝟕
of 𝟓
?

Page | 8
 𝟐
13. The length and breadth of a rectangle are 𝟔 𝟑 m and 3 m respectively.

Find its perimeter.

𝟑
14. How many small pieces of length m can be cut from a ribbon of
𝟒
𝟏
length 𝟓 𝟒 m?

15. If the cost of 20 pens is `356.80, then find the cost of one such pen.
𝟏 𝟏
+
𝟒 𝟓
16. Simplify: 𝟑 𝟑
𝟏− ×
𝟖 𝟓

17. Simplify: 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟏 × 𝟎. 𝟑𝟗 ÷ 𝟎. 𝟏𝟑

𝟒 𝟑 𝟑
18. Simplify: 𝟓 𝟕 ÷ 𝟏 𝟏𝟎 × 𝟏 𝟓

19. Dinesh went from place A to place B and from there to place C.
Ayub went from place A to place D and from there to place C.

Who travelled more and by how much?

20. Find the value of: 𝟏. 𝟎𝟕 × 𝟔𝟓 + 𝟏. 𝟎𝟕 × 𝟐𝟔 + 𝟏. 𝟎𝟕 × 𝟗

21. What fraction is represented by shaded portion?

22. What is four fifth of half?

Page | 9
 𝟐 𝟐
23. Multiply the sum of 1 and 𝟒 𝟑 by the difference of 4 and 𝟒 𝟑.

𝟏𝟒𝟗
24. Convert into a decimal.
𝟒

𝟏
25. The cost of 𝟔 𝟒 kg of apples is `600. What is the cost of 1 kg of apples?

26. What should be added to 385.70 to get 499.32?

27. By how much 72.46 be decreased to get 29.73?

28. What decimal is shown by A on a number line?

𝟐
29. If of a number is 10, then what is 1.75 times of that number?
𝟑

30. Each side of a regular polygon is 1.2 cm in length. The perimeter of

the polygon is 14.4 cm. How many sides does the polygon have?

31. Find the product: 6.001× 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏 × 𝟗

32. Find the value of: 𝟕𝟔 ÷ 𝟎, . 𝟎𝟏𝟗

33. What is the sum of place values of 2 in 2364.028?

34. Find the area of a rectangle whose length is 6.5 m and breadth is
3.5m.

35. Find the value of 325.67 ÷ 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎.

𝟐 𝟑
36. Convert into decimal: 𝟑𝟔 + 𝟓 + 𝟒.

37. Arrange in descending order 𝟏𝟒. 𝟔, 𝟏𝟓𝟗, 𝟏. 𝟎𝟕, −𝟏. 𝟐𝟗𝟓, 𝟐𝟒. 𝟔

38. The side of a square field is 5.5 m, find the area of the square field.

39. Find the area of a rectangle in sq. meter if its length and breadth are
16 cm and 12 cm respectively.
𝟏 𝟒 𝟐
40. Simplify: 𝟒 𝟑 × 𝟏𝟓 ÷ 𝟐 𝟓

Page | 10
41. A plant is 1.17 cm high. It grows 1.1 times. What is its height now?

42. A grocer mixes 20.25 kg of green tea with 25.20 kg of ordinary tea
and repacks all tea in 45 packets of equal weight. How much does
each packet of tea weight?

43. A flask weighs 64.27 kg when empty and 150.35 kg when full of water.
Find its weight when it is half full of water.

44. From the given number line, find (𝑨 + 𝑩)

45. Evaluate: 𝟏. 𝟓𝟔𝟒 − 𝟎. 𝟓𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑. 𝟎𝟎𝟏 − 𝟐. 𝟓𝟎𝟎

46. 4.5 kg of sweets are shared equally among 5 children. How many
grams of sweets does each child get?

47. A book case is 2.38 m tall and the height of each shelf is 34 cm. How
many shelves are there?
𝟑 𝟔 𝟔 𝟐
48. (i) Arrange the following in increasing order : , , ,
𝟒 𝟓 𝟕 𝟑

−𝟐 −𝟓 𝟑 −𝟏
(ii) Arrange the following in decreasing order: , 𝟏𝟏 , 𝟖 ,
𝟕 𝟑

49. Find the perimeter of the given figure

𝟏 𝟏
50. What is the least positive fraction that must be added to 𝟏 𝟑 ÷ 𝟏 𝟗 to

make the result an integer?

Page | 11
Answers:
1. 𝟏 26. 113.62
𝟏𝟓
𝟓
2. 𝟏𝟗 𝟒 27. 42.73
𝒐𝒓 𝟏
𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟓
3. 𝟏 28. 0.05
𝟏𝟎
𝟑
4. 𝟏 29. 26.25
𝟑
𝟐
5. 𝟒𝟔 𝟒 30. 12 sides
𝒐𝒓 𝟔
𝟕 𝟕
6. 𝟏𝟖𝟗 𝟏 31. 0.054009
𝒐𝒓 𝟒𝟕
𝟒 𝟒
7. 𝟏 32. 4000
𝟒
8. 150 g 33. 2000.02
9. 350 ml 34. 22.75 sq. meter
10. 3m 35. 0.032567
11. 𝟏 36. 37.15
𝟕
12. 𝟑𝟓 𝟓 37. 159, 24.6, 14.6, 1.07, −𝟏. 𝟐𝟗𝟓
𝒐𝒓 𝟓
𝟔 𝟔
13. 𝟏 38. 30.25 sq meter
𝟏𝟗 m
𝟑

14. 7 Pieces 39. 0.0192 sq meter

15. `17.84 40. 𝟏𝟑
𝟐𝟕
16. 𝟏𝟖 41. 1.287 cm
𝟑𝟏
17. 0.033 42. 1.01 kg
18. 𝟒𝟖 𝟔 43. 107.31 kg
𝟕
or 𝟔 𝟕
19. Ayub, 0.9 km 44. −𝟎. 𝟑
20. 107 45. 1.565
21. 𝟑 46. 900 gram
𝟔
22. 𝟐 47. 7 shelves
𝟓
23. 𝟑𝟒 𝟕 48. 𝟐 𝟑 𝟔 𝟔
(i) 𝟑 , 𝟒 , 𝟕 , 𝟓,
𝒐𝒓 𝟑
𝟗 𝟗 𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟏 −𝟓
(ii) , , ,
𝟖 𝟕 𝟑 𝟏𝟏
24. 37.25 49 22 cm
25. `96 50. 𝟒
𝟓

Page | 12
 Chapter 3
Data Handling

Points to remember:

 Range: - The difference between the largest and the smallest

observation of the data is called the range.
𝐒𝐮𝐦 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐨𝐛𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬
 Mean = 𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐛𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬

 Median refers to the value of the data which divides the data into two
equal parts i.e. which lies in the middle of data (when arranged in
increasing or decreasing order).

 Mode refers to the observation which occurs most frequently.

 Empirical relation between mean, median and mode:

Mode = 3 Median −𝟐 Mean.

 Probability : - The measure of chance of happening of something is

called Probability

 The probability of happening of an event is from 0 to 1.

 When an event is certain to happen, its probability is 1.

 If an event is impossible, its probability is 0.

TIPS:

 If each observation of data is multiplied by ‘a’ then mean is also

multiplied by ‘a’.

 If each observation of data is divided by ‘a’ then mean is also divided

by ‘a’.

 If ‘a’ is added or subtracted from each observation then new mean is

obtained by adding or subtracting ‘a’ from the old mean.

Page | 13
 Total number of outcomes in toss of coins 𝟐𝐧 (where n is number of
coins)

 Total number of outcomes in throw of dice = 6n (where 𝒏 is number

of dice).
𝐧(𝐧+𝟏)
 Sum of first 𝒏 natural numbers = 𝟐

Questions:

1. Find the arithmetic mean of the numbers −𝟑, 𝟎, −𝟒, 𝟖, 𝟏𝟏.

2. Find the mean of the first ten natural numbers.

3. Find the mean of first ten whole numbers.

4. Find the mean of prime numbers between 10 and 20.

5. If the mean of 3, 1, 5, 𝒙 and 9 is 4, then find the value of 𝒙.

6. Given that the mean of five numbers is 28. If one of the numbers is
excluded, the new mean becomes 25. Determine the excluded
number.

7. The mean of five observations is 15. If the mean of the first three
observations is 14 and that of the last three is 17, find the third
observation.

8. Find the mean of fist nine even numbers

9. Gunika secured 73, 86, 78 and 75 marks in four tests. What is the
least number of marks she should secure in her next test if she has to
have a mean score of 80 marks in five tests?

10. If the mean of 𝒙 + 𝟐, 𝒙 + 𝟒, 𝒙 + 𝟔 is 15. Find 𝒙.

11. Find the range of the following data :

21, 6, 17, 18, 12, 8, 4, 13.

Page | 14
 𝟏 𝟏
12. Komal worked for 𝟐 𝟐 hours on Monday, 𝟑 𝟒 hours on Tuesday and
𝟑
𝟐 𝟒 hours on Wednesday. What is the mean number of hours she

worked on these three days?

13. The mean weight of a class of 20 students is 48 kg. Two more students
weighing 60 kg and 58 kg respectively join the class. What is the mean
weight of the class now?

14. Find the mean of all factors of 24.

15. Find the mean of first eight multiples of 5.

16. Radha scored 97, 73 and 88 respectively in her first three

examinations. If she scored 80 in her fourth examination, then by how
much will her mean score increase or decrease?

17. The mean, median and mode of four numbers is 8. The smallest
number is 7. Find the number.

18. The mean of three numbers a, b and c is 8, and the mean of five
numbers a, b, c, d and e is 15. Find the mean of d and e.

19. Following cards are put facing down

What is the probability of drawing out?

(a) a vowel (b) A or I (c) U (d) a consonant

20. A card is drawn from a pack of 100 cards numbered 1 to 100. Find
the probability of drawing a square number.

21. The probability of winning a game is 0.07. What is the probability of

losing it?

Page | 15
22. A dice is thrown once. What is the probability that the numbers
shown on the dice is

a. an odd number

b. a prime number

c. a composite number

d. a multiple of 2

e. a factor of 6

f. a number greater than 6.

g. a number less than 3.

23. Find the median for the following set of numbers :

6, 2, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 2, 3

24. If 17 is taken from the following data, then find the new median.
12, 26, 17, 28, 10, 14, 15, 32, 35.

25. The mean of seven numbers is 25. If each number is divided by 2,

what will be the new mean?

26. The mean of 200 items was 50. Later on it was discovered that the
two items were misread as 92 and 8 instead of 192 and 68. Find the
correct mean.

27. Find the median of the given data if the mean is 4.5 .
5, 7, 7, 8, 𝒙, 5, 4, 3, 1, 2.

28. The mean of three numbers is 10. The mean of other four numbers is
12. Find the mean of all the numbers

29. The following observations have been arranged in ascending order.

29, 32, 48, 50, 𝒙, 𝒙 + 𝟐, 72, 78, 82, 96

If the median of the data is 61, find the value of 𝒙.

Page | 16
30. What is the probability of the sun setting tomorrow?

31. What is the probability that a student chosen at random out of 3 girls
and 4 boys is a boy?

32. Find the mode of the ages (in years) of 10 students of class VII.
13, 12, 14, 12, 13, 12, 14, 12, 13, 14.

33. A coin is tossed 100 times with the following frequencies:

Head: 49, Tail: 51, When a coin is tossed at random, what is the
probability of getting a Head?

34. A box contains two pairs of socks of two different colours (black and
white). I have picked out a black sock. I pick out one more with my
eyes closed. What is the probability that it will make a correct pair?

35. What is the class mark of the class 30 - 35?

(Answer the following questions 36 to 38)

The weight of new born babies (in kg) in a hospital on a particular

day are as follows: - 2.1, 2.4, 3.8, 3.0, 2.6, 2.1, 1.9, 3.7, 2.6

36. Find the range.

37. Find the median weight.

38. How many babies weigh more the median weight?

39. Find the median of first 10 even numbers.

40. Find the median of first 50 whole numbers.

Page | 17
 Use the bar graph below to answer the questions 41 to 43.

41. What is the range of marks scored by the students?

42. How many student score above 70 but less than 90?

43. If the pass score was 70, how many students did not pass?

44. The mean of Shivansh's marks in 5 subjects is 86. He got 80 marks in

the 6th subject. What is the mean of his marks in all the 6 subjects
together?

45. A circle is shaded as shown below and Aamir throws a dart at it.
What is the probability that the dart will hit the shaded part?

46. What is the probability of getting a number 10 on throwing a dice?

47. Six of 24 students in a class are left-handed. What is the probability

that randomly selected student is right-handed?

Page | 18
 (Answer the following questions 48 to 50)

The following graph shows the points scored in four games of

basketball. Study the graph.

48. What is the lowest score? Who scored it and in which game?

49. By how many points did team A win in the first game?

50. By how many points did the team B win in the fourth game?

Page | 19
Answers:
1. 2.4 26. 50.8
2. 5.5 27. 4.5
3. 4.5 28. 𝟏
11𝟕

4. 15 29. 60
5. 2 30. 1
6. 40 31. 𝟒
𝟕
7. 18 32. 12
8. 10 33. 0.49
9. 88 34. 𝟏
𝟑
10. 11 35. 32.5
11. 17 36. 1.9kg
12. 𝟓 37. 2.6kg
2𝟔 hours

13. 49kg 38. 3 babies

14. 7.5 39. 11
15. 22.5 40. 24.5
16. Decrease by 1.5 41. 40
17. 7, 8, 8, 9 42. 13 students
18. 25.5 43. 3 students
19. 𝟐 𝟏 44. 85
(a) 1, (b) 𝟓, (c)𝟓, (d) 0

20. 𝟏 45. 𝟓
𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟐
21. 0.93 46. 0
22. 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 47. 𝟑
(i) 𝟐
(ii) 𝟐
(iii) 𝟑
(iv) 𝟐
(v) 𝟑 𝟒
= 0.75
𝟏
(vi) 0 (vii) 𝟑

23. 4 48. Lowest score =4, scored by team

B in 3rd game
24. 20.5 49 12 points
25. 12.5 50. 4 points

Page | 20
 CHAPTER – 4
SIMPLE EQUATIONS
Points to remember:

 The collection of whole numbers and negative numbers is called

integers.

 An equation is a statement of equality which contains a variable on

one or on both the sides of the equation.

 An equation involving only a linear polynomial is called a linear equation.

For example: 3x + 12 = 90 etc.
 An equation remains the same if the LHS and the RHS are interchanged.
 Taking terms of one side to other side is called transposing. When we
transpose a number from one side of the equation to the other side, we
change its sign example 12 p – 11 = 25 ⇒ 12 p = 25 + 11.
 An equation does not change, if
 Same quantity is added to both sides
 Same quantity is subtracted from both sides
 Both sides are multiplied by same non zero quantity.
 Both sides are divided by same non zero quantity.

Questions:

1. 2x – 14 = 10

2. 3x + 21 = 0

3. 2x – 9 = -3

4. 5x – 12 = 18

5. -3x – 1 = 1 – 2x

6. 8x = 20 + 3x

Page | 21
 𝟏 𝟐
7. x-𝟑=1𝟑

𝟏 𝟏
8. y+𝟔y=y–7
𝟒

9. 5(t – 2) + 3(t + 1) = 25
𝟐
10. 6y = 𝟑(2y – 7)

𝟓
11. (2y – 1) = 3y – 5
𝟑

𝟐𝒚 +𝟓
12. = 3y – 8
𝟑

𝐩−𝟑
13. – 2 = −𝟏
𝟓

𝐳 𝐳 𝟒𝟒
14. + 𝟗 = 𝟏𝟏𝟕
𝟏𝟑

𝟖𝐪−𝟑
15. =2
𝟑𝐪

𝟑𝐳+𝟓 𝟏 𝟏
16. = 𝟑, z≠ - 𝟐
𝟐𝐳+𝟏

𝟏
17. p – 2 =𝟓 (3p – 1)

𝟕𝐪−𝟑
18. =9
𝟗

19. 3p – 0.7 = 1.4

20. 4p + 0.8 = 7.2

𝟗𝐩
21. =9
𝟐−𝟑𝐩

22. 1.8 q = 24 + q

23. 0.1 (3q – 1) = 0.2 (1 – 2q)

𝟐𝐩−𝟏 𝟓
24. = 5 , p ≠ −𝟑
𝟑𝐩 +𝟓

𝟐−𝐪
25. =2,q≠½
𝟏−𝟐𝐪

𝐤−𝟐
26. = 1 , k≠ - 1/6
𝟔𝐤+𝟏

Page | 22
 𝟑𝐤
27. =-1,k≠1
𝟓𝐤−𝟓

𝟏
28. 2t – 1 = (5 – 2 t)
𝟑

29. 0.9 (1 – p) = 0.1 p – 3

30. 0.3 x + 0.4 = 0.28 x + 1.16

31. The length of a rectangle is 5m more than its breadth and its
perimeter is 230m. Find its length and breadth.

32. A number when added to its one third gives result 16. Find the
number.

33. When the smaller of two consecutive integers is added to three times
the larger integer the result is 83. Find both the integers.

34. After 10 years Monika will be three times as old as she was four years
ago. What is her present age?

35. If 5 is subtracted from three times a number, the result is 16. Find
the number.

36. The sum of three consecutive even numbers is 42. Find these
numbers.

37. Naina thoughts of a number. She multiplied it by 2 added 5 to the

product then obtained 17 as result. What is the number she had
thought of?

38. Two adjacent sides of a square are given in fig below. Find the
measurement of sides of the square.

Page | 23
39. The difference between two numbers is 7. Six times the smaller plus the
larger is 77. Find the numbers.

40. The sum of two numbers is 25. One of the numbers exceeds the other by 9.
Find the numbers.

41. The sum of ages of father and his son is 75 years. If the age of the son is 25
years, find the age of father.

42. Find three consecutive whole numbers whose sum is 84.

43. In a hostel mess 50 kg of rice is consumed per day. If each student gets 400
gram of rice per day, find the number of students in the hostel mess.

44. Manogya is 3 years younger than her brother Shubh. If sum of their ages
be 25 years, find their present ages.

45. The ages of Kishan and Rishabh are in the ratio of 4 : 5. Ten years hence
the ratio of their ages will be 6 : 7. Find their present ages.

46. Find the measure of an angle if its supplement measures 39° more than
twice its complement.

47. In Δ ABC if ∠A = (3x)° , ∠B = (2x + 60) ° and ∠C = (5x – 40)° . Find these
angles.

48. Each of the two equal sides of an isosceles triangle is twice as large as the
third side. If the perimeter of the triangle is 30 cm. find the length of each
side of the triangle.

49. In a bag, the number of one rupee coins is three times the number of two
rupees coins. If the total worth of the coins is ` 120. Find the number of
two rupees coins.

50. The interest received by Manas is ` 30 more than that of Kishan. If the
total interest received by them is `120, find the interest received by Manas.

Page | 24
Answer:

Q. NO. ANSWER Q. NO. ANSWER

1. 𝐱 = 𝟏𝟐 26. 𝐤 = −𝟑/𝟓
2. 𝐱 = −𝟕 27. 𝟓
𝐤=𝟖

3. 𝐱=𝟑 28. 𝐭=𝟏

4. 𝐱=𝟔 29. 𝐩 = 𝟑. 𝟗
5. 𝐱 = −𝟐 30. 𝐱 = 𝟑𝟖
6. 𝐱=𝟒 31. l = 𝟔𝟎m, b= 𝟓𝟓m
7. 𝐱=𝟐 32. 12

8. 𝐲 = 𝟏𝟐 33. 20, 21

9. 𝐭=𝟒 34. 11 years

10. 𝐲 = −𝟏 35. 7

11. 𝐲 = −𝟏𝟎 36. 12, 14, 16

12. 𝐲=
𝟐𝟗 37. 6
𝟕

13. 𝐩=𝟖 38. 16 cm

14. 𝐳=𝟐 39. 10, 17

15. 𝐪=𝟐
𝟑 40. 8, 17

16. 𝐳 = −𝟐 41. 50 years

17. 𝐩=𝟐
𝟗 42. 27, 28, 29

18. 𝐪 = 𝟏𝟐 43. 125

19. 𝐩 = 𝟎. 𝟕 44. 11, 14 years

20. 𝐩 = 𝟏. 𝟔 45. 20 and 25 years

21. 𝟏 46. 𝟑𝟗°

𝐩=𝟐
22. 𝐪 = 𝟑𝟎 47. ∠𝐀 = 𝟒𝟖°, ∠𝐁 =
𝟗𝟐°, ∠𝐂 = 𝟒𝟎°
23. 𝐪 = 𝟑/𝟕 48. 12 cm, 12 cm, 6 cm
24. 𝐪 = −𝟐 49 24
25. 𝐪=𝟎 50. `75

Page | 25
 Chapter 5
Lines and Angles
Points to remember:

 A line segment has two end points

 A ray has only one end point

 A line has no end points.

 When two lines meet at a point, they are called intersecting lines and
when two lines do not meet even on extending, those lines are called
parallel lines.

Intersecting lines Parallel lines.

 Lines passing through the same point are called concurrent lines.

 A line that intersects a pair of lines (intersecting or parallel lines) at

distinct points is called a transversal.

 Vertically opposite angles formed by two intersecting lines are equal.

 Two angles whose sum is 𝟗𝟎° are complimentary angles.

 Two angles whose sum is 𝟏𝟖𝟎° are supplementary angles.

Page | 26
 Two angles with a common vertex and a common arm between non-
common arms are called adjacent angles.

 When a transversal intersects two parallel lines then :

(a) Each pair of corresponding angles are equal.

(b) Each pair of alternate angles are equal

(c) Interior angles on the same side of the transversal are

supplementary.

 Two lines are parallel if

(a) A pair of corresponding angles is equal

(b) A pair of alternate angles is equal

(c) A pair of interior angles on the same side of the transversal

are supplementary.

Questions:

1. What will be he complement of the following angles?

(a) 𝟓𝟖° (b) 𝟑𝟗° (c) 𝟒𝟔° (d) 𝟖𝟐°

2. Write the supplement of the following angles.

(a) 𝟏𝟑𝟑° (b) 𝟔𝟕° (c) 𝟖𝟖° (d) 𝟏𝟐𝟕°

3. Find the measure of angle which is the complement of itself.

4. Two complementary angles are in the ratio of 4 : 5. Find the angles.

5. Find the measure of an angle which is supplement of itself.

6. Two supplementary angles differ by 𝟑𝟒°. Find the angles.

7. An angle is four times its complement. Find the angle.

8. If the complement of an angle is 𝟐𝟖°, find the supplementary angle.

9. An angle is equal to eight times its supplement. Determine its

measure.

Page | 27
10. An angle is greater by 𝟔𝟎° than its supplementary angle. What is the
angle?

11. Two supplementary angles are in the ratio 2 : 3. Find the angles.

12. The sum of an angle and half of its complementary angle is 𝟕𝟓°. Find
the angle.

13. Find the angle which is one-third of its supplementary angle.

14. The difference in the measures of a pair of complementary angles

is𝟕𝟖°. Find the measure of the angles.

15. The measure of an angle is 𝟏𝟒° less than the measure of its
complement. Find the measure of the larger angle.

16. In the given figure, if 𝐚 = 𝟑𝐛, find 𝐚 and 𝐛.

17. In the given figure, if 𝒍 ∥ 𝒎, and p is a transversal, find 𝒙.

18. What is the obtuse-angle the hour hand of the clock makes with the
minute hand when the time is 7 : 𝟎𝟎 ?

Page | 28
19. Find the value of 𝒙 if 𝒍 ∥ 𝒎 and p is the transversal.

20. Find the value of 𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝒛.

21. Find the value of 𝒙.

22. The angles of a linear pair are in the ratio 1 : 2. Find the angles.

23. In the given figure, find 𝒙 and also find ∠𝑩𝑶𝑪, ∠𝑪𝑶𝑫, ∠𝑨𝑶𝑫.

24. A clock reads 4 : 30. If the minute hand points East, in what direction
will the hour hand point?

Page | 29
25. In the figure 𝒍 ∥ 𝒎 and 𝑷𝑸 ∥ 𝑹𝑺, if ∠𝟏 = 𝟓𝟎°, find ∠𝟐, ∠𝟑, ∠𝟒.

26. In the given figure, 𝒍 ∥ 𝒎, ∠𝟏 = 𝟔𝟎°, ∠𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎°, find the values of

𝐱, 𝐲, 𝐳

27. In the given figure, 𝒑 ∥ 𝒒, ∠𝟏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎° and ∠𝟐 = 𝟓𝟎°. Find 𝐱, 𝐲, 𝐳.

28. In the given figure, 𝐄𝐅 ∥ 𝐆𝐇, ∠𝐄𝐀𝐁 = 𝟔𝟓° and ∠𝐀𝐂𝐇 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎°, find
∠𝐀𝐁𝐂, ∠𝐀𝐂𝐁 and ∠𝐂𝐀𝐅.

Page | 30
29. In the given figure 𝑨𝑩 ∥ 𝑪𝑫 and DA has been produced to E so that
∠𝐁𝐀𝐄 = 𝟏𝟐𝟓°, find 𝒙, 𝒚 and 𝒛.

30. Two parallel lines 𝒍 and 𝒎 are intercepted by a transversal. If the

interior angles on the same side of transversal be (𝟐𝒙 − 𝟖)° and
(𝟑𝒙 − 𝟕)°, find the measure of each of these angles.

31. In the figure it is given that 𝐀𝐁 ∥ 𝐂𝐃, ∠𝐀𝐁𝐎 = 𝟓𝟎° and ∠𝐂𝐃𝐎 = 𝟒𝟎°,
find the measure of ∠𝐁𝐎𝐃 (reflex ∠𝐁𝐎𝐃).

32. Two complementary angles are in the ratio of 5 : 4. Find the smaller
angle.

33. Two angles forming a linear pair are in the ratio of 3 : 7. Find the two
angles.

34. An angle is 𝟑𝟎° more than one half of its complementary angle. Find
the angle.

35. If the difference between two supplementary angles is equal to one

right angle. Find the angles.

Page | 31
36. In the given figure, if 𝐏𝐐 ∥ 𝐑𝐒 and 𝐐𝐑 ∥ 𝐒𝐓 find the value of (𝒂 + 𝒃).

37. In the given figure, 𝐏𝐐 ∥ 𝐒𝐑 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐐𝐑 ∥ 𝐏𝐒, then find a and b.

38. Find the value of 𝒙.

39. In the given figure 𝐀𝐁 ∥ 𝐂𝐃, ∠𝐀𝐏𝐐 = 𝟓𝟎° and ∠𝐏𝐑𝐃 = 𝟏𝟑𝟎° then
find ∠𝐐𝐏𝐑.

Page | 32
40. Find the angle which is one-eighth of its complement.

41. Find the angle which is 𝟖𝟎° more than its supplement.

42. Find the complement of one third right angle.

43. Find the value of 𝒙 in the given figure.

44. Find the value of 𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝒛.

45. In the given figure, the arms of two angles are parallel. If ∠𝐃𝐄𝐅 =
𝟕𝟎°, then find ∠𝐀𝐁𝐂.

Page | 33
46. In the given figure, 𝐏𝐐 is a mirror, AB is the incident ray and BC is
the reflected ray. If ∠𝐀𝐁𝐂 = 𝟒𝟔°, then find ∠𝐀𝐁𝐏.

47. In the given figure, 𝐏𝐐 ∥ 𝐑𝐒 and 𝐐𝐑 ∥ 𝐒𝐓.If ∠𝐏𝐐𝐑 = 𝟑𝟗°, find 𝒙 + 𝒚.

48. An angle is 𝟑𝟖° more than its supplement. Find the angle.

49. The sum of an angle and one-third of its supplementary angle is 𝟗𝟎°.
Find the angle.

50. If the angles of a linear pair are equal, then what is the measurement
of each angle?

Page | 34
Answers:
1. (a) 𝟑𝟐° (b) 𝟓𝟏° (c) 𝟒𝟒° 26. 𝒙 = 𝟔𝟎°, 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎°, 𝒛 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎°
(d) 𝟖°
2. (a) 𝟒𝟕° (b) 𝟏𝟏𝟑° (c) 𝟗𝟐° (d) 27. 𝒙 = 𝟖𝟎°, 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎°, 𝒛 = 𝟑𝟎°
𝟓𝟑°
3. 𝟒𝟓° 28. ∠𝑨𝑩𝑪 = 𝟔𝟓°,
∠𝑨𝑪𝑩 = 𝟖𝟎°, ∠𝑪𝑨𝑭 = 𝟖𝟎°
4. 𝟒𝟎° and 𝟓𝟎° 29. 𝒙 = 𝟓𝟓, 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐𝟓, 𝒛 = 𝟏𝟐𝟓
5. 𝟗𝟎° 30. 𝟕𝟎° and 𝟏𝟏𝟎°
6. 𝟕𝟑° and 𝟏𝟎𝟕° 31. 𝟐𝟕𝟎°
7. 𝟕𝟐° 32. 𝟒𝟎°
8. 𝟏𝟏𝟖° 33. 𝟓𝟒°, 𝟏𝟐𝟔°
9. 𝟏𝟔𝟎° 34. 𝟓𝟎°
10. 𝟔𝟎° 35. 𝟏𝟑𝟓°, 𝟒𝟓°
11. 𝟏𝟎𝟖° and 𝟕𝟐° 36. 𝟐𝟗𝟐°
12. 𝟔𝟎° 37. 𝒂 = 𝟑𝟓°, 𝒃 = 𝟑𝟏°
13. 𝟒𝟓° 38. 33
14. 𝟔° and 𝟖𝟒° 39. 𝟖𝟎°
15. 𝟓𝟐° 40. 𝟏𝟎°
16. 𝒂 = 𝟏𝟑𝟓°, 𝒃 = 𝟒𝟓° 41. 𝟏𝟑𝟎°
17. 𝟏𝟑𝟎° 42. 𝟔𝟎°
18. 𝟏𝟓𝟎° 43. 35

19. 𝟑𝟔° 44. 𝟐𝟒𝟓°

20. 𝟐𝟖𝟓° 45. 𝟕𝟎°

21. 𝟏𝟒𝟓° 46. 𝟔𝟕°

22. 𝟔𝟎° and 𝟏𝟐𝟎° 47. 𝟕𝟖°

23. 𝒙 = 𝟓𝟎°, ∠𝑩𝑶𝑪 = 𝟕𝟎°, 48. 𝟏𝟎𝟗°

∠𝑪𝑶𝑫 = 𝟓𝟎°, ∠𝑨𝑶𝑫 = 𝟔𝟎°
24. North East 49 𝟒𝟓°

25. ∠𝟐 = 𝟏𝟑𝟎°, ∠𝟑 = 𝟏𝟑𝟎°, 50. 𝟗𝟎°

∠𝟒 = 𝟏𝟑𝟎°

Page | 35
2. What are the three sides of ∆𝐋𝐌𝐍.

3. Name the three vertices of ∆𝐋𝐌𝐍.

4. Name the equal sides in ∆𝐏𝐐𝐑 if ∠𝐏 = ∠𝐑.

5. What is the sum of interior angles of a triangle?

6. What is the sum of exterior angles of a triangle?

7. Name the angles which are equal in given figure of ∆𝐋𝐌𝐍.

8. The angle of a triangle are in 5 : 6 : 7. What is the measurement of

smallest angle?

9. The angles ∠𝐀, ∠𝐁 are ∠𝐂 of ∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 are in the ratio 1: 3 : 1. Which

angle is obtuse angle and what is it’s measurement?

10. The angles of a triangle are (𝒙 − 𝟐𝟎)°, (𝒙 − 𝟏𝟎)° and 𝒙°. Find the
value of 𝒙.

11. The point of concurrency of medians of a triangle is known as _____

12. From the given figure, find the value of 𝒙.

13. The sum of two angles of a triangle is equal to its third angle. Find
the third angle.

Page | 37
14. In a triangle one angle is thrice the smallest and another one is twice
the smallest. Find the angles.

15. Find the value of ‘y’ from the given figure-

16. If one angle of a triangle in 𝟒𝟎° and other two angles are in the ratio
3 : 4, find these angles.

17. From the given figure find the values of ‘a’ and ‘b’.

18. The angles of a triangle are in ratio 3 : 5 : 7. Find the greatest angle.

19. The angles of a triangle are (𝟐𝒙 − 𝟓)°, (𝒙 − 𝟑)°, and 𝒙°. Find the
value of 𝒙 and measurement of angles.

20. Find ∠𝐂𝐀𝐁 from the given figure –

Page | 38
21. What is the minimum and maximum integral value of length of third
side of a triangle whose two sides are 7 cm and 10 cm.

22. In the given figure ∠𝐁𝐀𝐂 = 𝟐𝟓° and ∠𝐄𝐂𝐃 = 𝟒𝟓°, find ∠𝐀𝐁𝐂 and
also name the type of triangle.

23. In ∆𝐀𝐑𝐓 if ∠𝑨 = 𝟑𝟐°, ∠𝑹 = 𝟔𝟒°, ∠𝑻 = 𝟖𝟒°, then which side is

smallest?

24. Find the value of ‘a’ from the given Fig.

25. ∆𝐗𝐘𝐙 in an equilateral triangle and XP is the median, if 𝑷𝒀 = 𝟐. 𝟓

cm, find the perimeter of ∆𝐗𝐘𝐙.

26. From the given figure, find the value of 𝒙 and 𝒚.

Page | 39
27. In a right angle triangle LMN if 𝐋𝐌𝟐 + 𝐌𝐍𝟐 = 𝐋𝐍𝟐 , then which
angle of this triangle is 𝟗𝟎°.

28. A man goes 10 m due east and then 24 m due north, find his distance
from the starting point.

29. A square is described on the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle

whose other two sides are 12 cm and 5 cm. What is the area of the
square so formed?

30. Find the value of 𝐱, 𝐲 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐳 if 𝐃𝐄 ∥ 𝐁𝐂 in ∆𝐀𝐁𝐂.

31. Two acute angles of a right angled triangle are equal. Find these two
angles.

32. From the given figure, find the value of 𝐱 and 𝐲.

33. In ∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 if 𝟑∠𝐀 = 𝟒∠𝐁 = 𝟔∠𝐂, find the angles.

34. In ∆𝐏𝐐𝐑 ∠𝐏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎°. PS bisects ∠𝐏 and 𝐏𝐒 ⊥ 𝐐𝐑. Find ∠𝐐.

35. If one angle of a triangle is 𝟖𝟎° and other two angles are in the ratio
2 : 3, Find these angles.

Page | 40
36. From the given figure, find the value of 𝐱, 𝐲 and z.

37. An exterior angle of a triangle is 𝟏𝟏𝟎° and one of the interior opposite
angles in 𝟒𝟎°, find the other two angles of the triangle.

38. From the given figure, find ∠𝐀 and ∠𝐁.

39. One of the exterior angles of a triangle in 𝟏𝟎𝟎° and the interior
opposite angles are equal to each other. What is the measure of each
of these angles?

40. Find the value of 𝒙 and 𝒚 from the given figure.

41. The exterior angle obtained on producing the base of a triangle both
ways are 𝟏𝟎𝟒° and 𝟏𝟑𝟔° . Find all the angles of the triangle.

Page | 41
42. Find the value of 𝒙 in the given figure

43. If the exterior angle of a triangle are (𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎)°, (𝟑𝒙 − 𝟓)° and (𝟐𝒙 +
𝟒𝟎)°, then find the value of 𝒙.

44. In the given figure 𝐀𝐁 ∥ 𝐃𝐄, Find the value of 𝒙.

45. A man goes 12 m east than 5 m north. Find his shortest distance from
starting point.

46. Find the length of the diagonal of a square whose side is 8 cm.

47. Find the perimeter of the rectangle whose length is 40 cm and 41cm.

48. In the given figure 𝐀𝐁 ∥ 𝐂𝐃 find the value of 𝐱 and 𝐲.

49. If m2 + 1, m2 - 1 and 2m form a Pythagorean triplet for 𝒎 > 𝟏, then

what are the value of Pythagorean triplet for 𝒎 = 𝟑?

50. Find the perimeter of a rectangle whose one side measures 20 m and
the diagonal is 29 m.

Page | 42
Answers:

Q. NO. ANSWER Q. NO. ANSWER

1. ∠𝐏𝐐𝐑, ∠𝐐𝐑𝐏, ∠𝐑𝐏𝐐 26. 𝐱 = 𝟐𝟓°, 𝐲 = 𝟏𝟓𝟓°
2. LM, MN,LN 27. ∠𝐌 or ∠𝐋𝐌𝐍
3. L, M, N 28. 26 m
4. PQ = RQ 29. 169 sq cm
5. 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 30. 𝒙 = 𝟒𝟎°, 𝒚 = 𝟓𝟓°,
𝒛 = 𝟖𝟓°
6. 𝟑𝟔𝟎° 31. 𝟒𝟓°, 𝟒𝟓°
7. ∠MLN and ∠𝐋𝐍𝐌 32. 𝐱 = 𝟓𝟎°, 𝐲 = 𝟒𝟓°
8. 𝟓𝟎° 33. ∠𝐀 = 𝟖𝟎°,
∠𝐁 = 𝟔𝟎°∠𝐂 = 𝟒𝟎°
9. ∠𝐁, ∠𝐁 = 𝟏𝟎𝟖° 34. 𝟒𝟎°
10. 𝟕𝟎 35. 𝟒𝟎° , 𝟔𝟎°
11. Centroid 36. 𝒙 = 𝟖𝟎°, 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎°,
𝒛 = 𝟓𝟎°
12. 𝟕𝟎° 37. 𝟕𝟎°, 𝟕𝟎°
13. 𝟗𝟎° 38. ∠𝐀 = 𝟓𝟎°, ∠𝐁 = 𝟑𝟎°
14. 𝟑𝟎°, 𝟔𝟎°, 𝟗𝟎° 39. 𝟓𝟎°
15. 𝒚 = 𝟒𝟖° 40. 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟐𝟓°, 𝒚 = 𝟖𝟓°
16. 𝟔𝟎°, 𝟖𝟎° 41. 𝟔𝟎°, 𝟕𝟔°, 𝟒𝟒°
17. 𝒂 = 𝟓𝟐°, 𝒃 = 𝟗𝟑° 42. 𝟏𝟑𝟎°
18. 𝟖𝟒° 43. 𝒙 = 𝟒𝟓
19. 𝒙 = 𝟒𝟕, 𝟖𝟗°, 𝟒𝟒°, 𝟒𝟕° 44. 𝒙 = 𝟒𝟓°
20. 𝟗𝟎° 45. 13 m
21. Min. = 4 cm, Max. = 16 cm 46. 𝟖√𝟐 cm
22. ∠𝐀𝐁𝐂 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎° 47. 98 cm
(obtuse angled triangle)
23. RT 48. 𝐱 = 𝟐𝟏°, 𝐲 = 𝟑𝟖°
24. 𝐚 = 𝟏𝟐° 49 10, 8, 6
25. 15 cm 50. 82 cm

Page | 43
Questions

1. Fill up the blanks :

(a)Two line segments are congruent if their __________ are equal.

(b)Two squares are congruent if measurement of their_________ are equal.

(c)Two circles are congruent if their__________ are equal.

𝐌𝐍
2. If ∆𝐋𝐌𝐍 ≅ ∆𝐃𝐄𝐅, then find the value of .
𝐄𝐅

3. If ∆𝐄𝐅𝐆 ≅ ∆𝐑𝐒𝐓, then what will be the corresponding part of

(i) EF (ii) RT (iii) RS

4. Are the given triangles congruent? If yes, then mention the

congruence criterion, state the result in the symbol form.

5. What is the length of side EF?

6. If ∆𝐏𝐐𝐑 ≅ ∆𝐅𝐆𝐇 and ∠𝐏 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟓°, ∠𝐅 = 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟔𝟎°, then find the

value of 𝒙.

Page | 45
What is the measurement of unknown angles or sides in the following pair
of geometrically congruent figures (Q. 7 – 10).

7.

8.

9.

10.

Page | 46
11. If ∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 ≅ ∆ 𝐋𝐍𝐌, then find the values of x, y and z.

12. In the given figure which triangles are congruent? Mention the
congruency criterion in the symbolic form?

13. If radius of a circle is 3.5 cm, then find the circumference of other
circle if two circles are congruent.

Observe the following pair of triangles and mention the congruence

Criterion (Q – 14 to Q. 17)

14.

Page | 47
15.

16.

17.

18. In the given figure ∆𝐏𝐐𝐒 ≅ ∆𝐑𝐒𝐐, find the value of ∠𝐏𝐒𝐐.

19. Two equilateral triangles are congruent and one side of the first
triangle is 3.6 cm, find the length of corresponding side of the other
triangle.

Page | 48
20. ∆𝐏𝐐𝐑 is a triangle with 𝐏𝐐 = 𝐏𝐑. Line segment PS bisects ∠𝑷 and
meets the base QR at S. Is ∆𝐏𝐒𝐐 ≅ ∆𝐏𝐒𝐑? If yes then state the
congruency criterion.

21. Two line segments are congruent and one has length 4.6 cm, what will
be the length of twice of the other line segment?

22. ∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC. AD is the altitude from

A on BC. Is ∆𝐀𝐁𝐃 ≅ ∆𝐀𝐂𝐃? If yes then state the congruency
criterion.

23. If diameter of a circle is 42 cm, then find the area of other circle if
two circles are congruent.

24. Four congruent triangles are cut off from the corners of a rectangle
as shown in the figure, find the area of remaining portion.

25. On the basis of measurement given in the figure, state the congruence
criterion by which

(𝐢) ∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 ≅ ∆𝐁𝐀𝐃 (ii) ∆𝐀𝐂𝐏 ≅ ∆𝐁𝐃𝐏.

Page | 49
26. If ∆𝐏𝐎𝐓 ≅ ∆𝐀𝐑𝐌, then

(i) PO = ----------- (ii) RM = -------- (iii) TP = --------

(iv) ∠P = ---------- (v) ∠M = -------- (vi) ∠R = -------

27. In the given figure, 𝐐𝐌 = 𝐌𝐑, 𝐋𝐌 = 𝐍𝐌, 𝐌𝐋 ⊥ 𝐏𝐐 and 𝐌𝐍 ⊥ 𝐏𝐑. If

∠𝐐 = 𝟓𝟎°, then find ∠𝐑.

28. In ∆𝐑𝐀𝐓, which side is included by the ∠𝐑𝐀𝐓 and ∠𝐀𝐓𝐑?

29. From the given figure, find ∠𝐁𝐂𝐃.

30. If ∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 ≅ ∆𝐏𝐐𝐑 and 𝑨𝑪 = 𝟑. 𝟖 cm, ∠𝐁 = 𝟔𝟎°, then find PR and ∠𝐐.

31. From the given figure, state the congruence criterion in symbolic
form which is applicable in the triangle shown

Page | 50
32. In the given figure, BD and CE are altitudes of ∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 and 𝐁𝐃 = 𝐂𝐄.
(i) Is ∆𝐁𝐂𝐃 ≅ ∆𝐂𝐁𝐄? (ii) If yes then by which congruence criterion?

33. In ∆𝐏𝐈𝐓 which angle lie between sides IT and TP?

34. In ∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 altitudes 𝐀𝐃 = 𝐁𝐄 = 𝐂𝐅 = 𝟑√𝟑 cm, find AB.

35. Fill in the blanks

(i) The bisector of the vertical angle of an isosceles triangle

bisects the base at ___________ angle.

(ii) In an isosceles triangle, the angles opposite to equal sides

are ______.

Page | 51
Answers

1. (i) Length (ii) Sides 19. 3.6 cm

(iii) Radius.
2. 𝐌𝐍 20. Yes, SAS
=𝟏
𝐄𝐅

3. (i) EF = RS (ii) RT = EG 21. 9.2 cm

(iii) RS = EF

4. Yes, SAS, 22. Yes, RHS

∆𝐀𝐂𝐁 ≅ ∆𝐃𝐄𝐅
5. 7.5 cm 23. Area = 1386 sq. cm
6. 𝟐𝟓° 24. Area = 1300 sq. cm
7. 𝒙 = 𝟔. 𝟔 cm 25. (i) RHS (ii) ASA
8. 65 26. (i) 𝐏𝐎 = 𝐀𝐑 (ii) RM = OT
(iii) 𝐓𝐏 = 𝐌𝐀 (iv) ∠𝐏 = ∠𝐀
(v) ∠𝐌 = ∠𝐓 (vi) ∠𝐑 = ∠𝐎
9. 𝒍 = 𝟔 cm, 𝒃 = 3 cm 27. ∠𝐑 = 𝟓𝟎°
10. 𝒓 = 𝟐. 𝟓 cm 28. AT
11. 𝒙 = 𝟕𝟎°, 𝒚 = 𝟒𝟎°, 29. ∠𝐁𝐂𝐃 = 𝟑𝟎°
𝒛 = 𝟕𝟎°
12. ∆𝐏𝐐𝐒 ≅ ∆𝐑𝐒𝐐 30. 𝑷𝑹 = 𝟑. 𝟖 cm, ∠𝑸 = 𝟔𝟎°
13. 22 cm 31. ∆𝐀𝐁𝐏 ≅ ∆𝐀𝐂𝐏, RHS
14. SSS 32. Yes, RHS
15. ASA 33. ∠𝐓 or ∠𝐈𝐓𝐏
16. ASA 34. 𝐀𝐁 = 𝐁𝐂 = 𝐂𝐀 = 𝟔 cm
17. RHS 35. (i) right (ii) equal
18. ∠𝐒𝐏𝐐 = 𝟕𝟎°

Page | 52
 CHAPTER 8
Comparing Quantities

Points to remember:

 When two quantities of same kind are in the same units are
compared by Division, ratio of two quantities is obtained.

 A ratio has no unit.

 A ratio is said to be in simplest form, if its two terms have no common

factor other than one.

 Comparison of two ratios is done by making them fractions with

equal denominators and these ratios are called equivalent or
proportional.

 Another method of comparison is percentage.

 Any simple fraction, decimal fraction or ratio can be converted into

percentage and any percentage can be converted into simple fraction,
decimal or ratio.
𝟏
Percentage means 'for each 100’; % = 𝟏𝟎𝟎

 When S.P. > C.P., there is profit.

 Profit = S.P. − C.P.

𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐟𝐢𝐭
 Profit % = × 100 %
𝐂.𝐏.

 When C.P > S.P, there is loss

 Loss = C.P − S.P

𝐋𝐨𝐬𝐬
 Loss % = × 100 %
𝐂.𝐏.

Page | 53
 𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐚𝐥 × 𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭 × 𝐓𝐢𝐦𝐞
 Simple Interest = 𝟏𝟎𝟎

TRICKS

 A number which, when added to terms of a:b makes it equal to the

𝐚𝐝−𝐛𝐜
c:d is 𝐜−𝐝

 A number which, when subtracted from the terms of ratio a:b makes
𝐛𝐜 −𝐚𝐝
it equal to ratio c:d is 𝐜−𝐝

 If the sum of two numbers is A and their difference is B, then the

ratio of numbers is given by A + B : A – B

 If a : b :: c : d, then a × d = b × c.

Questions

1. Find the ratio

(a) `4 to 20 paisa (b) 5 kg to 100 gram

2. Convert into percent:

𝟕 𝟑 𝟑
(a) (b) (c) 𝟖
𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟎

3. Convert into fraction:

(a) 62.5 % (b) 72 % (c) 28 %

4. Find:

(a) 15 % of `500 (b) 75 % of 180 kg

5. Find x if:

(a) 25 : 8 = x : 24 (b) 20 : x = 4 : 35

6. Two amount of money are proportional to 5: 7. If the first is `20, then

what is the other amount?

Page | 54
7. If 80 % students of a class of 45 students like to play cricket, then how
many students don’t like to play cricket?

8. Express the ratio of 12 cm to 25 cm in percentage.

9. Express the ratio of `2 to `10 as a percentage.

10. If CP of 16 articles is equal to SP of 20 articles, then find the gain or

loss percent.

11. 12.5 % more is gained by selling a pen for `88 instead of selling for
`80. Find the CP of pen.

12. A dishonest dealer decides to sell his goods at cost price but uses a
weight of 800 gram for 1 kg weight. Find his gain percent.

13. A sum of money amounts to `1000 in 3 years at a certain rate of

interest and it amounts to `1200 in 4 years at same rate. Find the sum.

14. At a certain rate of simple interest a certain sum doubles itself in 6

years. In how many years will it triple itself?

15. A shopkeeper marks his goods at 20 % above cost price but allows 10
% discount for cash. What is his net profit percent?

16. In what time period will `3000 triples itself, if the rate of interest is
20 % per annum?

17. A fruit basket has 20 apples out of which 30% are rotten. How many
good apples are there in the basket?

18. A team won 8 games this year against 5 games won last year. What is
the percentage increase this year?

19. Sides of two squares are 7.5 cm and 5 cm respectively. Find the ratio
of their areas.

20. Manas saves 35 % from his salary. If his savings is `14000, then what
is his salary?

Page | 55
21. Ankur saves 30 % from his salary. If his salary is `50000, then find
his expenditure.

22. If price of one dozen banana is `72, then find price of 15 such
bananas.

23. Ram purchased an old car for `100000. He spent 10 % of cost price
on its repair. He sold the car for `99000, find his gain or loss percent.

24. Iqbal purchased an old scooter for `20000 and spent 20 % of its CP
on painting and sold the scooter for `30000. Find his gain or loss
percent.

25. If 30 % of y is 150, then find y.

26. If 15 % of x is 60, then find x.

27. A farmer gained 50 % after selling his cow for `15000. Find CP of
the cow.

28. A person sold his motorcycle for `38000 with 5 % loss, find CP of the
motorcycle.

29. Convert the ratio given below into percentage:

(a) 2 : 3 (b) 3 : 5

30. A sum of money triples itself in 25 years. Find the rate of interest.

31. A sum of `2000 invested for 3 years at 6 % per annum. Find the
amount at the end of 3rd year.

32. A sum of `5000 invested for six months at 10 % per annum. Find the
amount at the end of this time period.

33. A sum doubles itself in 10 years. Find rate of interest.

34. 3 kg of flour is enough for 15 people. How much flour is needed for
such 80 people?

35. A dealer buys a radio for `2500 and spends `500 on transportation.
He sells the radio for `3300. Find his gain or loss percent.

Page | 56
36. At what rate percent per annum will `8000 amounts to `10000 in a
year?

37. 15 persons finish a work in 30 days, how many days will be taken to
finish the same work by 5 persons?

38. The first three numbers of a proportion are 8, 10 and 12. Find the
fourth number.

39. The ratio of three angles of a triangle is 3:4:5. Find the smallest angle.

40. Ratio of calcium, carbon and oxygen in chalk is 8: 3: 9. Find the

percentage of carbon in the chalk.

41. A library contains 50 % of books in Hindi, 30 % of books in English

and remaining 300 books are in Punjabi. Find total number of books
in library.

42. The population of a town has increased from 80000 to 92000. Find
the percentage increase in population.

43. There are 12 boys and 8 girls in a class. Find the percentage of girls
in the class.

44. What percentage of 5 km is 200 meter?

45. Annual income of a person is `800000. If his salary increases 5 % per

annum, what will be his salary after 2 years?

46. What is the ratio of 6 minutes to 1 hour?

47. If 3 : x :: 9 : 15 find x.

48. 70 % of a number is 28. Find the number.

49. If ratio of the cost price and selling price of an article is 5 : 6, then
find the gain or loss percent.

50. A man buys balloons at the rate of 3 balloons for a rupee and sells
them at the rate of 2 balloons for a rupee. Find his gain or loss
percent.

Page | 57
Answers
1. (a) 20 : 1 (b) 50 : 1 25. 500

2. (a) 28 % (b) 15 % (c) 26. 400

37.5 % 27. `10000
3. (a) 5/8 (b) 18/25 (c) 28. `40000
7/25 29. (a) 66.67% (b) 60%
30. 8% per annum
4. (a)`75 (b) 135 Kg
31. `2360
5. (a) 75 (b) 175
32. `5250
6. `28
33. 10% per annum
7. 9
8. 48% 34. 16 kg

9. 20% 35. 10% profit

10. 20% loss 36. 25%

11. ` 64 37. 90 days

12. 25% profit 38. 15

13. `400 39. 450

14. 12 years 40. 15%

15. 8% profit 41. 1500 books

16. 10 years 42. 15% increase

17. 14 43. 40%

18. 60% 44. 4%

19. 9:4 45. `880000

20. ` 40000 46. 1 : 10

21. `35000 47. 5

22. ` 90 48. 40
49. 20%, Gain
23. 10% loss
50. 50%, Gain
24. 25% profit

Page | 58
 Chapter 9
Rational Numbers
Points to remember
𝐩
 Rational numbers are the numbers which can be expressed as ,where p and
𝐪
𝟐 𝟓 −𝟒
q are integers and q≠0 example, 𝟑 etc.
𝟗 𝟕

 Number 0 is neither a positive rational number nor negative rational number.

It is only a rational number.
 If two or more rational numbers have equal simplest form, then these are
called equivalent rational numbers.
 All integers and fractions are rational numbers.
 There are infinitely many rational numbers between any two rational
numbers.

Questions:
1. Find the rational number whose numerator is (36−15) and denominator
is 7 × (-4).
2. Find the rational number whose numerator is 3 × (-2) and denominator
is 5 × (-1).
−𝟑
3. Express as a rational number with denominator 28.
𝟒
−𝟓
4. Express as a rational number with numerator 40.
𝟖
−𝟑𝟎
5. Express into simplest form.
𝟖𝟓
−𝟔𝟓
6. Express into simplest form.
𝟏𝟓𝟎
−𝟓
7. Find the product of and its reciprocal.
𝟗
−𝟗
8. Find the reciprocal of .
𝟕

9. Fill in the blanks:

−𝟒 𝟏𝟔
= =
𝟗 𝟏𝟖

Page | 59
10. Fill in the blanks:
𝟑 𝟏𝟓
= 𝟐𝟔 =
−𝟏𝟑

11. Find the sum of the smallest natural number and the largest negative
integer.
12. Find the product of the smallest whole number and the smallest positive
integer.
13. Amongst how many people 21 Kg of ration be distributed so that each
𝟕
one gets Kg.
𝟑

14. Express the shaded portion as a rational number:

15. Express the shaded portion as a rational number.

𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 𝟓
16. Simplify: ( × )+( × ).
𝟐 𝟑 𝟑 𝟐
𝟑 𝟏𝟓 𝟏 𝟑
17. Simplify: ( × )+( × ).
𝟓 𝟕 𝟕 𝟏

18. Express the shaded portion as a rational number:

𝟑 𝟐
19. Subtract from .
𝟐 𝟑

Page | 60
 𝟒 𝟒 𝟑
20. Simplify: ÷( − ).
𝟑 𝟓 𝟒
𝟏 𝟏
21. Express + into decimal form.
𝟒 𝟓

22. Fill in the blanks:

𝟔 −𝟓𝟒
= =
−𝟕 𝟑𝟓
−𝟖 𝟖
23. Divide by .
𝟗 𝟗
𝟑 𝟐
24. A person bought Kg potatoes and 𝟑
Kg onions from the market.
𝟒

What is the amount of weight he is carrying?

25. Find the value of x, if
𝒙 −𝟏𝟓 𝟏
a) = -10 b) = −𝟐
𝟓 𝒙
𝟐
26. Find the product of with the reciprocal of -2.
𝟓
−𝟑
27. Find the value of ÷ (-3).
𝟓
𝟐 −𝟒
28. Divide the reciprocal of by .
𝟓 𝟓
𝟗𝟑 𝟏𝟕
29. Simplify − .
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟐𝟓
𝟓 𝟑
30. Find the additive inverse of + .
𝟑 𝟒
𝟑 −𝟓
31. Find the product of and ( ).
𝟖 𝟑
𝟒𝟖 𝟏𝟔
32. Simplify: ÷( ).
𝟐𝟓 −𝟓
𝟖 𝟐
33. Product of two rational numbers is . If one of the numbers is , then
𝟐𝟕 𝟑

find the other number?

𝟐 −𝟒
34. Which number gives on multiplying with .
𝟑 𝟑

35. Express the shaded portion as a rational number.

Page | 61
 −𝟓 𝟐𝟐
36. should be added to which number to get ?
𝟕 𝟏𝟒

𝟑𝐭𝐡 𝟏𝐭𝐡
37. Ramesh gives 𝟓 of his income to his wife and 𝟖 to his son.

Find what fraction does he have now?

−𝟒 −𝟕
38. Simplify: +
𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐
𝟐 𝟑 𝟓
39. Simplify: + + 𝟏𝟐
𝟓 𝟒
𝟒 𝟓
40. Find the multiplicative inverse of +
𝟓 𝟒
𝟖𝟓 𝟔𝟎
41. Find the multiplicative inverse of +
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓
−𝟏𝟕
42. Simplify: ( ) × (-108).
𝟏𝟖

43. Find the rational number that should be subtracted from 5 so as to get
𝟕
?
𝟗
𝟕 𝟏𝟕
44. A boy walks 𝟐𝟒 Km towards north direction and another boy walks 𝟑𝟔

Km towards south direction. Find the distance between two boys.

45. Find the rational numbers to complete the pattern such that they are
equivalent fractions:
𝟏𝟐 𝟑𝟔 𝟕 𝟐𝟖
a) , ,_____ b) , ______ ,
𝟐𝟎 𝟔𝟎 𝟏𝟑 𝟓𝟐
𝒑
46. If p = 2m × r and q = n × 2r, then find
𝒒
−𝟕
47. Fill in the blanks: _______× = 1.
𝟗
𝟑
48. Simplify: 0 ÷ ?
𝟓
49. Which rational number does not have a reciprocal?
50. Which rational number is its own reciprocal?

Page | 62
ANSWERS
1. −𝟑 26. −𝟏
𝟒 𝟓
2. 𝟔 27. 𝟏
𝟓 𝟓
3. −𝟐𝟏 28. 𝟐𝟓
𝟐𝟖 −𝟖
4. 𝟒𝟎 29. 𝟏
−𝟔𝟒 𝟒
5. −𝟔 30. −𝟐𝟗
𝟏𝟕 𝟏𝟐
6. −𝟏𝟑 31. −𝟓
𝟑𝟎 𝟖
7. 1 32. −𝟑
𝟓
8. 𝟕 33. 𝟒
−𝟗 𝟗
9. −8 and −36 34. −𝟏
𝟐
10. −6 and −65 35. 𝟔 𝟑
or
𝟖 𝟒
11. 0 36. 𝟏𝟔
𝟕
12. 0 37. 𝟏𝟏
𝟒𝟎
13. 9 38. −𝟏𝟓
𝟐𝟐
14. 𝟓 39. 𝟒𝟕
𝟏𝟔 𝟑𝟎
15. 𝟑 40. 𝟐𝟎
𝟖 𝟒𝟏
16. 2 41. 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟓
𝒐𝒓
𝟏𝟒𝟓 𝟐𝟗
17. 𝟏𝟐 42. 102
𝟕
18. 𝟐
or
𝟏 43. 𝟑𝟖
𝟒 𝟐
𝟗
19. −𝟓 44. 𝟓𝟓
Km
𝟕𝟐
𝟔
20. 𝟖𝟎 45. (a)
𝟏𝟎𝟖
(b)
𝟏𝟒
𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝟐𝟔
𝟑
21. 0.45 46. 𝒎
𝒏
22. −30, 63 47. −𝟗
𝟕
23. −1 48. 0
24. 𝟓 49. 0
𝟏 𝟏𝟐kg
25. (a) −50 (b) 30 50. 1

Page | 63
 Chapter 10
Practical Geometry
Points to remember
 A triangle can be constructed if sum of the lengths of any two sides is greater
than the third side.
 In a triangle the sum of interior angles is 180°. This is known as angle sum
property of a triangle.
 Exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of both opposite interior angles.
 In a right angled triangle square of hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the
squares of other two sides.
 Minimum three elements are required to construct a triangle. A triangle can
be constructed uniquely if
a) Three sides are given (SSS)
b) Two sides and included angle are given (SAS)
c) One side and both angles lying on the sides are given (ASA)
If any two angles of a triangle are given, we can find the required (third)
angle by using the angle sum property (ASP) of a triangle.
d) In case of a right triangle, hypotenuse and one of the other two sides
are given. (RHS)

Questions:
1. What should be the sum of three angles so that a triangle may be constructed?
2. Which geometrical instrument is used to draw an arc?
3. In a ∆PQR, if ∠P = 40° and ∠Q = 40°, then what type of triangle can be
constructed?
4. If ∠A = 90° and ∠B = 40° and AB = 5 cm, then what type of triangle is ∆ABC?
5. How many lines can be drawn parallel to a given line?
6. How many lines can be drawn parallel to a given line through a point outside
it?

Page | 64
7. If length of one side and a hypotenuse of a triangle are given, then what kind
of triangle it is?
8. How many minimum number of elements are required to construct a triangle?
9. Find the measure of ∠BAC in the given figure.

10. Find the measure of ∠BEC in the figure of Question number 9.

11. Find the measure of ∠PQR.

12. What will be the measure of all three angles of the triangle whose three sides
are 8 cm each?
13. Which angle needs to be bisected to construct an angle of 75°?
14. How many times we need to construct an angle bisector in order to construct
an angle of measure 22.5°?
15. What is the measurement of shorter angle formed by two hands of the clock
at 7o’clock?
16. If ‘a’ is perpendicular to ‘b’ and ‘b’ is perpendicular to ‘c’, then what type of
lines are ‘a’ and ‘c’?
17. What type of angles will be formed on bisecting an obtuse angle?

Page | 65
18. Find the measure of ∠KML.

19. If the unequal angle of an isosceles triangle is 40°, then find the measures of
other two angles of the triangle.
20. What is the difference of two angles, formed by two hands of the clock at
5 o’clock?
21. If measure of three angles of a triangle are 62°, 58° and 60°, then what type
of triangle is this?
22. If the sum of squares of the two sides of a right angled triangle other than
hypotenuse is 169 sq. cm, then what is the length of the third side of the
triangle?
23. If the length of the hypotenuse and a side of a right angle triangle are 17 cm
and 8 cm respectively, then what is the length of the third side?
24. Find the value of∠𝑨?

Page | 66
25. Find the measure of ∠KMN in the figure of Question number 18.
26. If three sides of a triangle are 4cm, 5 cm and 5.5 cm, then what type of triangle
is this?
27. How many times we need to construct the bisector in order to construct an
angle of 30°.
28. If line p is parallel to q and q is parallel to r, then what kind of lines are p
and r?
29. From the given figure in Q.24, find the measure of ∠𝐀𝐂𝐁.
30. Find the length of the hypotenuse in a right angled triangle whose two sides
are of length 3cm and 4cm.

Page | 67
Answers:

1. 180° 16. a & c are Parallel

Lines
2. Compass 17. Acute Angles

3. Isosceles Obtuse 18. 45°

Triangle
4. Right Angled 19. 70°, 70°
Triangle
5. Infinite 20. 60°
6. Only One 21. Scalene Acute
angled Triangle
7. Right Angled 22. 13 cm
Triangle
8. Three 23. 15 cm
9. 30° 24. 45°
10. 60° 25. 90°
11. 120° 26. Scalene Acute
angled Triangle
12. 60°, 60°, 60° 27. Two

13. 150° 28. p & r are Parallel

Lines
14. Three 29. 60°

15. 150° 30. 5cm

Page | 68
 Chapter 11
Perimeter and Area
Points to remember

1. Parallelogram:
Perimeter = Sum of all sides
Area = Base × Corresponding height
2. Rectangle:
Perimeter = 2 × Sum of adjacent sides
Or
2 × (length + breadth)
Area = length × breadth
Or
Product of adjacent sides
3. Square:
Perimeter = 4 × side
Perimeter of regular polygon = No. of sides × Length of one
side

Area = Side × Side or (𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞)𝟐

4 Triangle:
Perimeter = Sum of all sides
𝟏
Area= × Base × Corresponding height
𝟐
𝟏
Area of triangle = 𝟐 × Area of parallelogram

5 Circle:
Circumference (Perimeter) = 2 × π × radius
Area = π × radius × radius or π × (𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐮𝐬)𝟐

Page | 69
6 Conversion of area units:

1 cm2 = 1 cm × 1 cm = 10 mm × 10 mm = 100 mm2

Similarly, 1 m2 = 10000 cm2
1 Hectare = 10000 m2
Tricks
 Area of Path-
a) When path is outside the rectangle
Area of path = 2 × (Width of path) × [Length + Breadth of rectangle + 2(Width
of path)]
b) When path is within the rectangle
Area of path = 2 × (Width of path) × [Length + Breadth of rectangle – 2(Width
of path)]
 Area of ring = π × width of ring × [2 × smaller radius + width of ring]
 If the length and breadth of a rectangle is increased by x% and y%
𝐱𝐲
respectively, then area is increased by (x + y + 𝟏𝟎𝟎)%

 Area of a square inscribed in a circle of radius r = 2 r2

 Area of a square circumscribed to a circle of radius r = 4 r2
𝐩
 If perimeter of a square is P and Area is A then P = 4√A and A = ( 𝟒)2

Questions:
1. The circumference of a circle is 154 m, find the diameter.
2. Find the perimeter of a square park, whose area is 625 sq. m.
3. Side of a square is 12 cm. Find its area in sq. cm.
4. If area of ΔABC is 150 sq. cm. and height 6 cm, then find its corresponding
height.
5. If area of a parallelogram is 160 sq. cm. and base is 5 cm, then find its
corresponding height.
6. The length and breadth of a rectangular park are in the ratio 3:2. If the
perimeter of park is 200m, then find its area.
7. If the area of the circle is 154 sq. cm, then find its diameter.

Page | 70
8. A chess board is in square shape as shown in the figure, find the side of each
smaller square.

9. Area of one rectangle is 4800 sq. mm and length of a side is 8 cm, find the other
side.
10. In ΔPQR, PL ⊥ QR, PL = 5 cm and QR = 18 cm, find the area of the triangle.
11. If base and height of a parallelogram are 20 cm and 5.5 cm respectively, then
find its area.
12. Find the breadth of the rectangle whose length and breadth are in the ratio 5:3
and perimeter is 48 m.
13. If the ratio of radii of two circles is 6:5, then find the ratio of their
circumferences.
14. A triangle has 19 m base and 6 m corresponding height. Find its area in sq.
cm?
15. In the given figure, find the area of ΔLMN with side LQ = 12cm.

Page | 71
16. From the given figure, find the area of ∆ ABC,

17. If length of a rectangle is 12 cm and area is 108 sq. cm, then find the perimeter.
18. If the ratio of radii of two circles is 3:5, then find the ratio of their areas.
19. Area of a circle is 1540000 sq. cm. find the radius.
20. For making a paper envelope, a rectangular paper of 15 cm × 12 cm is
required. Find the total cost of 5 such envelopes at 2 paisa per sq. cm.
21. If radius of a wheel is 7 m, find the distance covered in 15 revolutions.
22. Length and breadth of a garden is 300 m and 200 m respectively, find its area
in hectares?
23. Find the length of the rectangle whose breadth is 20 cm and perimeter is 90
cm.
24. A strip is cut around one rectangular sheet. Find the remaining area.

25. Find the perimeter of the given semicircular shape.

Page | 72
26. Find the shaded area in the adjoining figure

27. If the area of a triangle is equal to the area of a square of side 12 cm, height is
18 cm, then find the corresponding side.
28. A wire bent in the form of rectangle with length 65 cm and breadth 35 cm. If
it is re-bent in the form of a square, then find the area of square.
29. A square carpet of side 10 m is laid on a rectangular floor with dimensions 12
m × 10 m, find area of the floor which is not carpeted?
30. Find the shaded area in the adjoining figure.

31. Find the area of ∆RSQ in the adjoining figure.

Page | 73
32. A square BEST is divided into four triangles. Find the area of ∆EOS.

33. Find the perimeter of adjoining figure.

34. Find the area of the shaded region:

Page | 74
35. Find the area of the remaining circle after cutting out one rectangle and a
square out of the circular card with radius 7 cm.

36. Find the shaded area in the adjoining figure.

37. A triangle ABC is cut out from a rectangular sheet. Find the remaining area.

Page | 75
38. Find the length of rectangle, if both shapes have same perimeter.

39. Find the area of the shaded region in the following figure:

40. Find the breadth of rectangle, if both figures are made by same length of wire.

Page | 76
Answers:

1. 49 m 21. 660 m
2. 100 m 22. 6 Hectares

3. 144 sq.cm 23. 25 cm

4. 50 cm 24. 240 sq. cm

5. 32 cm 25. 36 m
6. 2400 sq cm 26. 225 sq. cm

7. 14 cm 27. 16 cm
8. 2 cm 28. 2500 sq. cm

9. 60 mm or 6 cm 29. 20 sq. m

10. 45 sq. cm 30. 36 sq. cm

11. 110 sq. cm 31. 27 sq. cm

12. 9m 32. 16 sq. cm

13. 6:5 33. 88 cm

14. 570000 sq. cm 34. 51 sq. cm

15. 90 sq. cm 35. 149 sq. cm

16. 45 sq. cm 36. 42 sq. cm

17. 42 cm 37. 400 sq. m

18. 9:25 38. 15 cm

19. 7m 39. 51 sq. cm

20. ₹ 18 40. 8 cm

Page | 77
 Chapter 12
Algebraic Expressions
Points to remember
 Algebraic expressions are formed from variables and constants.
 A quantity having a fixed numerical value is called a constant whereas a
quantity having different numerical values is called a variable.
 Expressions are made up of terms.
 Terms which have the same algebraic factors are like terms and terms which
have different algebraic factors are unlike terms.
 Any expression with one or more terms is called a polynomial. A one term
expression is called monomial, a two-term expression is called binomial and a
three term expression is called trinomial.
 The highest power of the variable is the degree of an algebraic expression.
 Rules and formula are written in a concise and general form using algebraic
expressions.

QUESTIONS:

1. What is the coefficient of variable x2 in the algebraic expression?

a. 7x3 – 5x2 + 3
𝟑
b. x2 + 9
𝟐

c. 6 + 3x + 2x2
2. Add the like terms:
- 4 ab2, 9 b2a, 7 ab2
3. Subtract (2x – y) from (4x – 3y + 6)
4. Find the value of 7 – 55x, if x = -3.
5. Simplify: 4a(2 – b) – (2a – ab).
6. If p = - 2 and q = 3, then what will be the value of p2 – q2 + pq.
7. Add: 12 xy, -20 yx, 28 xy.

Page | 78
8. Add : 49y2x, 12xy2, 11x2y, 32xy.
9. If x = -2, then find the value of -4x + 9 – 2x2.
10. What should be added to a2 + b2 to get 3a2 + 7b.
11. Add the algebraic expressions: (-13 x + 20) and (22xy – 7y + 20x).
12. Find the value of algebraic expression (2ab + 3bc + 4ca), when a = 2, b = -1
and c = 1.
𝟒 𝟓
13. Evaluate – for a = 1 and b = -2.
𝐚 𝐛

14. Subtract (1 – 2x2) from (x3 + 5x2 + x + 1).

15. Simplify: 5x – [{3y – (x – 2y)}].
16. Subtract x4 – y4 from (2x4 – x2y2 – y4).
17. If x = -8, find the value of 89 – 4(11 – x).
18. What should be added to a2 + b2 to get (a – b)2?
19. What should be added to a2 + b2 − 2ab to get (a + b)2
𝟏 𝟏
20. Find the value of 𝟐p − 𝟐 q, if q− p = 32.

21. By how much is 4x3 – 2x2 + 8x greater than 2x3 – 2x2 + 6x?
22. Add 3x + 5 and 5x +3 and find the coefficient of x.
23. Find the product of numerical coefficient of x2 and y in the algebraic
expression: 5x2 +2y2 – 7y + 2x + 9.
24. Simplify: (4ax – 3by)(4ax + 3by).
25. Find x2 − y2 if x = 2 and y = -2.
26. Find x3 + y3 if x = 4 and y = -3.
27. Add (2x2 – 3x + 1) to sum of (5x2 – 3x) and (2x + 3).
28. Raju purchased a book for ₹ (3x + 15) and 2 copies for ₹ (x – 4). How much
did he spend in all?
29. If a side of an equilateral triangle is 9x units, then find the perimeter of the
triangle.
30. The perimeter of a triangle is (12x − 5) cm. If its two sides are (x− 2) cm and
(5x + 12) cm long, then what is the length of its third side?
31. If p = -2, then find the value of -2p3 + 4p2 + p.

Page | 79
32. The length of three sides of a triangle (in cm) are 6a − 3, 5a + 2 and 6a + 5.
Find the perimeter of the triangle, if a = 2.

33. Find the area of the rectangle, if x = 2.

34. Base of the triangle is 6x cm and its height is 5y cm, find the area of
the triangle.

35. Find the perimeter of a regular pentagon whose side is 3a cm.

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36. Find the area of a square whose side is 3ab.

37. In the given figure, rectangular length is 7x cm and its breadth is 3y cm, find
its perimeter.

38. Find the perimeter of a square whose side is 9ab cm.

39. Find the perimeter of a circle whose radius is 3x cm.

Page | 81
40. Perimeter of a square is 28x cm. Find its area.
41. Simplify: 16a2b + 9ba2 + 3a2b – 4a2b and find the numerical coefficient of the
resultant algebraic expression.
42. Simplify: (- 4a + 5x)(5x + 4a).
43. Find: (a+ b)(a – b) if a = 7 and b = -6
44. Evaluate: 5ab + 4a2 – 2b2 for a =1 and b = -1.
45. Write an algebraic expression for the following:
7 is added to the product of two numbers 2x and 3y.
46. Simplify: 7x + [5x – (2 – x) + 2]
47. Simplify: -2a2 + (2a – b)(a + b) + 2ba + b2.
48. Write an algebraic expression for:
5 is subtracted from the sum of x and y.
49. Find the nth term of the number pattern 6, 11, 16, 21, ………………….
50. Find the nth term of the number pattern 4, 8, 12, 16, …………………..

Page | 82
Answers

1. 𝟑 26. 37
(i) -5 (ii) (iii) 2
𝟐

2. 12ab2 27. 7x2 - 4x + 4

3. 2x – 2y + 6 28. ₹ (5x + 7)
4. 172 29. 27x units
5. 6a – 3ab 30. (6x – 15) cm

6. -11 31. 30
7. 20xy 32. 38 cm
8. 11x2y + 32xy + 61𝐱𝐲 𝟐 33. 256 sq. units

9. 9 34. 15xy sq. cm

10. 2a2 – b2 + 7b 35. 15a cm

11. 22xy + 7x -7y + 20 36. 9a2b2 sq. cm

12. 1 37. (14x + 6y) cm

13. 𝟏 38. 36ab cm
6𝟐

14. x3 + 7x2 + x 39. 6πx cm

15. 6x – 5y 40. 49x2 sq. cm
16. x2(x2 + y2) 41. 24
17. 13 42. 25x2 – 16a2

18. -2ab 43. 13

19. 4ab 44. -3
20. -16 45. 6xy + 7
21. 2x3 + 2x 46. 13x
22. 8 47. 3ab
23. -35 48. x+y-5
24. 16a2x2 – 9b2y2 49. 5n + 1

25. 0 50. 4n

Page | 83
 CHAPTER – 13
EXPONENTS AND POWERS

Points to Remember
Recall that we may write 3×3×3×3 as 34 and read it as three raise to the power
four. In 34 , we call 3 as base and 4 as exponent. Similarly, when an integer ‘a’ is
multiplied ‘n’ times the result is expressed as an. Here ‘a’ is called the base and ‘n’
is called as exponent.
 LAWS OF EXPONENTS:
𝒂𝒎
(i). am × an = am + n (ii). = am - n
𝒂𝒏
(iii). ( am)n = am x n (iv). am × bm = (ab)m
𝒂 𝟏
(v). am ÷ bm = ( 𝒃 )m (vi). a- m = 𝒂𝒎

 Further we recall that

(i). a0 = 1
(ii). (- 1)even number = 1
(iii). (- 1)odd number = - 1
 STANDARD FORM:
When a number is expressed as a decimal between 1.0 and 10.0 multiplied by a
power of 10 is called its standard form. Thus A × 10n is the standard form where
1 ≤ A< 10, n is an integer. For example, a number 2806196 can be expressed in
standard form as 2.806196 × 106

Questions:

1. What is the base and exponent of 10 – 3?

2. Write in exponential form: (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2).

Page | 84
3. Write in exponential form a × b ×a × b × b.

4. Find the value of (-2)2 × (-2)3

5. If 43 = 4x, then find x.

6. Express 64 x 27 in exponential form.

7. Express 2000000 in standard form.

8. What is usual form of 3.469 × 106?

9. Simplify: (2-1 × 3- 1 × 4 -1)2.

𝟐
10. Change into negative exponent ( 𝟑 )𝟑 .

11. Simplify: (1234)0 × 23 × x2 × y.

12. Find the value of 90 × 990 × 1250 × 2560.

13. Find the value of (a0 + b0 ) × (a0 − b0).

𝟓
14. Find the reciprocal of 𝟏𝟐 .

15. Simplify: 23 × 25 × 27.

𝟏
16. Simplify: ( 𝟑𝟔)2 × (- 6)3

𝟔𝟐𝟓
17. Express in exponential form.
𝟐𝟒𝟑

18. If a2 b3 = a2x by . Find x and y.

19. Simplify: (2p3)3÷ 3 (p2)3

𝟏 𝟏
20. Find value of (𝟖𝟏)−𝟐 × (𝟐𝟓)𝟐

𝟗 𝐰 𝟐 𝒛𝟓
21. Simplify: 𝟑𝟔𝐰𝟐 𝒛𝟑

𝟏 𝟏
22. Find the value of ((𝟑𝟔)𝟐 + (𝟏𝟔)𝟐 ).
𝟐
𝟏 𝟑
23. Find the value of (− 𝟔𝟒)

𝟏
24. Find the reciprocal of ( -𝟑 )2

Page | 85
 𝟏𝟐𝟖
25. Express in exponential form.
𝟖𝟏

𝟐𝟏𝟔
26. Express 𝟐𝟒𝟑 in exponential form.

𝟐
27. Simplify: [(𝒙𝟑 )3/8] 2

𝒂 −𝟏 𝒃 𝟐
28. Simplify: (𝒃) × (𝒂) × a3 × b3

29. What is usual form of 2.29 × 104.

𝟐 𝟐
30. If ( 𝟓 )2 × ( 𝟓 )t = 1, then find the value of t.

31. The speed of light is 300000000 m/s. Express it in standard form.

𝟐
32. Change in to positive exponent (𝟑 )− 𝟑 .

33. Change in to negative exponent ( 𝟑𝟐 )𝟓 .

34. If 𝟒𝟐𝒙 = 64, then find the value of x.

35. Find the value of x if 𝟑𝟐𝒙 × 𝟑𝟐 = 𝟑𝟖 .

36. What number is obtained from expanded form

5 × 𝟏𝟎𝟒 + 2 × 𝟏𝟎𝟑 + 5× 𝟏𝟎𝟐 + 2 × 𝟏𝟎𝟏 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎

37. The distance of moon from earth is 384000 km, express it in standard
form.
𝐩 𝟐 𝟐 𝒒
38. If 𝐪 = ( 𝟕)𝟐 -( 𝟕 )𝟎 , then find the value of 𝒑.

39. Find the value of ( 𝟑−𝟐 - 𝟓−𝟏 ) × 𝟏𝟑𝟎 .

40. If 𝟐𝒙 × 𝟑𝒚 = 64 ×81, then find the value of x + y.

41. What is the standard form of the number 2467895?

𝟖 𝟖 𝟖
42. Find the value of x: ( − 𝟑 )𝟏𝟎 ÷ (− 𝟑 )𝟒 = (− 𝟑 )𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐

43. Simplify and express in exponential form:

{ ( 𝟐𝟓 )𝟐 × 𝟑𝟒 } ÷{𝟐𝟖 × 𝟑𝟐 }

Page | 86
44. What is the standard form of the number 0.0032456?

45. Simplify: ( 𝟐− 𝟏 × 𝟑− 𝟏 × 𝟒)𝟐.

46. If 𝟔𝟑𝒙 = 𝟐𝟏𝟔𝟐 , find the value of x.

47. Find the value of x if, ( 𝟐𝟔 ÷ 𝟐− 𝟑 )× 𝟐𝟏𝟒 = 𝟐𝒙

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
48. Simplify: ( 𝟒 )− 𝟐 + ( 𝟐 )− 𝟐 + ( 𝟑 )− 𝟐

𝟐 𝟓
49. Find the reciprocal of ( 𝟑 )− 𝟐 ÷ ( 𝟑 )− 𝟐.

𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
( )𝟓 × ( )
𝟓 𝟑
50. Simplify: 𝟒 𝟐 𝟑
×( )
𝟗 𝟓

Page | 87
ANSWERS
1 Base= 10, Exponent = - 3 26 𝟔 𝟑 𝟔𝟑
(𝟕) or 𝟕𝟑

2 (−𝟐)𝟔 27 𝐱 𝟏/𝟐

3 𝐚 𝟐 𝐛𝟑 28 𝐛𝟔
4 −𝟑𝟐 29 22900
5 x=3 30 𝐭 = −𝟐
6 𝟐𝟔 𝟑𝟑 31 𝟑. 𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎𝟖 m/s
7 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎𝟔 32 𝟑 𝟑
( )
𝟐
8 3469000 33 𝟏 −𝟏𝟎
( )
𝟑
9 𝟏 34 𝟑
𝒙 =
𝟓𝟕𝟔 𝟐
10 𝟑 −𝟑 35 𝒙 = 𝟑
( )
𝟐
11 𝟖𝐱 𝟐 𝐲 36 52521

12 1 37 𝟑. 𝟖𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎𝟓 km
13 0 38 𝟒𝟗
− 𝟒𝟓
14 𝟏𝟐 39 − 𝟒𝟓
𝟒

𝟓
15 𝟐𝟏𝟓 40 𝒙 + 𝒚 = 10
16 𝟏 41 𝟐. 𝟒𝟔𝟕𝟖𝟗𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎𝟔
−
𝟔
17 𝟓𝟒 42 𝒙 = 𝟐
𝟑𝟓
18 𝒙 = 𝟏, 𝒚 = 𝟑 43 𝟔𝟐
𝟖
19 𝒑𝟑 44 𝟑. 𝟐𝟒𝟓𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑
𝟑
20 𝟓 45 𝟒
𝟗 𝟗
21 𝟏 46 𝒙 = 𝟐
𝟒
𝒛𝟐
22 100 47 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟑
23 𝟏 48 29
𝟏𝟔
24 9 49 𝟐𝟓
𝟒
25 𝟐𝟕 50 𝟒
𝟑𝟒 𝟐𝟓

Page | 88
 Chapter 14
Symmetry
Points to remember
 A line that divides a figure into two congruent parts is called the line (axis) of
symmetry. There may be one, more than one or no line of symmetry in a figure.
 The angle by which a figure is rotated to get same position is called angle of
rotation.
 One complete rotation is 360°.
 Figures having no line of symmetry can still have rotational symmetry.
 The number of times the shape coincides with the original shape while rotating
it till complete rotation is called its order of rotational symmetry.
 Every object has at least a rotational symmetry of order 1.

Questions:

1. How many lines of symmetry are there in an equilateral triangle?

2. How many lines of symmetry does the following figure have?

3. Name the fixed point about which an object can rotate?

4. What is the order of rotational symmetry?

Page | 89
5. What is the order of symmetry of a butterfly?

6. Angle of rotation of a figure is 60°. Find the number of lines of

symmetry.
7. What is the order of rotational symmetry for the given figure?

8. List all the single digit numbers which have both vertical and horizontal
line of symmetry?
9. What is the maximum number of lines of symmetry in a regular
polygon with (n−1) sides?
10. Find the number of lines of symmetry in the given figure and also find
the order of rotational symmetry?

11. Name the centre of rotation for a circle.

12. In the given figure, find the

Page | 90
 a) Order of rotational symmetry.

b) Degree measure of the angle of rotation.

13. Find the number of lines of symmetry in the given figure:

14. Find the number of lines of symmetry in the given figure:

15. In the plane figure, find the order of rotational symmetry and the
number of lines of symmetry.

16. Which plane figure can have an angle of any measurement as the angle
of rotation?

Page | 91
17. What is the relation between order of rotational symmetry and angle of
rotation?
18. How many lines of symmetry are there in the given figure?

19. If the angle of rotation of a figure is 22°, then what is the number of lines
of symmetry?
20. If the angle of rotation of a figure is 45°, then what is the number of
lines of symmetry?
21. Find the order of rotational symmetry and angle of rotational
symmetry.

22. What is the order of rotation for a line segment?

23. In the given figure, find the

a) Order of rotational symmetry.

b) Degree of measure of the angle of rotation.

Page | 92
24. What is the order of rotational symmetry?

25. The alphabets X, H, O have reflection symmetry about both vertical and
horizontal mirror, name one another such alphabet.
26. Find the number of lines of symmetry in the given figure.

27. What is the order of rotational symmetry of a star fish?

Page | 93
28. How many lines of symmetry does a rhombus have?
29. If the angle of rotation of a figure is 35°, then what is the number of lines
of symmetry?
30. Find the number of lines of symmetry in a peepal leaf.

31. In the given figure, find the

a) Order of rotational symmetry.

b) Degree of measure of the angle of rotation.

32. Find the number of lines of symmetry in given triangle.

Page | 94
33. Name the centre of rotation of an equilateral triangle.
34. What is the smallest number of degrees you need to rotate the following
image for it to look the same?

35. Which quadrilateral other than Rhombus has both the diagonals as the
axis of symmetry?
36. What is the number of lines of symmetry for a regular hexagon?
37. In ΔPQR, PQ = QR = 8 cm and PR = 7 cm. Name the vertex through
which the line of symmetry will pass.
38. What is the centre of rotation for a square and rectangle?
39. How many lines of symmetry are there in the given figure? Also find the
order of rotational symmetry.

40. A rectangle is rotated by 90° and even then it remains symmetrical about
its centre of rotation. What can you tell about the sides of this rectangle?

Page | 95
Answers
1. 3 21. 4, 90°
2. 1 22. 2
3. Centre of Rotation 23. 4, 90°
4. 4 24. 2
5. 1 25. I
6. 6 26. 0
7. 1 27. 5
8. 0, 8 28. 2
9. (n – 1) 29. 0
10. 0, 1 30. 1
11. Centre of the Circle 31. (a) 4 (b) 90°
12. (a) 3 (b) 120° 32. 3
13. 1 33. Centroid
14. 1 34. 90°
15. 1, 1 35. Square
16. Circle 36. 6
17. Order of symmetry = 37. Q (Point Q or
𝟑𝟔𝟎° Vertex Q)
𝑨𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐑𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧

18. 3 38. Point of

intersection of their
diagonals
19. 0 39. 1, 1
20. 8 40. All sides are equal

Page | 96
 Chapter 15

Visualising Solid Shapes

Points to remember:

 One dimensional figures: Lines, rays, line segments.

 Two dimensional figures or 2 – D: Circle, square, rectangle,

quadrilateral, polygon etc.

 Three dimensional figures or 3 – D: Cube, cuboid, cylinder, cone,

sphere, prism, pyramid etc.

 A net is a skeleton outline of a solid that can be folded to make it.

 Cube and cuboid are also called square prism and rectangular prism
respectively.

 A pyramid is named according to the shape of its non-triangular face.

 If all the faces are triangular, then it is called a triangular prism

(Tetrahedron)

 If the base is a square, then it is called a square prism.

Page | 97
 3-D Figures Faces Vertices Edges

1. Cube (Square Prism) 6 8 12

2. Cuboid (Rectangular Prism)

6 8 12

3. Cylinder
3 0 2
(Circular Prism)

4. Cone
2 1 1

5. Sphere 1 0 0

6. Hemisphere 2 0 1

7. Triangular Prism
5 6 9

8. Triangular Pyramid 4 4 6

9. Square Pyramid
5 5 8

10. Rectangular
5 5 8
Pyramid

Page | 98
Questions:

1. Name the shape of a ball.

2. Name the solid with one vertex.

3. Two cubes of same dimensions are joined side by side. What 3 - D

shape will be formed?

4. Two cylinders of same radii are joined by one end. What 3 - D shape
will be formed?

5. How many faces and vertices does a cuboid have?

6. How many edges and vertices does a triangular - pyramid have?

7. How many edges does a football have?

8. What is the sum of dots on opposite faces on a dice?

9. A man has 10 rupees coins of similar kind. He puts them exactly one
over the other. What shape will he get?

10. Name two 3-D shapes such that vertices, edges and faces of one shape
are equal in number to vertices, edges and faces of another shape.

Q. No. - 11 to 13, Net of a dice is given below:

11. Find the number of dots on the face X of the dice.

12. Find the number of dots on the face Z of the dice.

13. What will be the sum of the dots on the face X and Y?

14. Which solid shape does not have any edge?

Page | 99
15. Name the solid shapes whose net consists of 4 triangles and one
square.

16. Name the solid shape having 8 edges, 5 vertices and 5 faces.

17. What geometrical shape will the cross section have if a vertical cut is
given to a cylinder?

18. Which solid is formed by the following net diagram?

19. Name the shape of the cross-section in each of the following solids.

Page | 100
Which solid is formed by the following net diagram?

20. Which solid shape is formed by the following net diagram?

21. Name the different plane shapes needed to draw the net of a
triangular prism.

22. The three views (a), (b) and (c) are given for the solid. Identify them
as front view, side view or top view.

23. A dice has A, B, C, D written in a clockwise order on the adjacent

faces and E and F at the top and bottom respectively. When C is at
the top, what will be at the bottom?

24. Which cross-section (horizontal or vertical) of the given prism with

equilateral triangular base will be

i. A rectangle

ii. An equilateral triangle

Page | 101
25. The net of a solid consists of a rectangle and two equal circles. Name
the solid.

26. What is the polygon region of a solid shape called?

27. Name the shape of a road roller.

28. Does cube and square prism refer to the same solid?

29. How many edges and vertices does a square pyramid have?

Page | 102
Answers:

1. Sphere 16. Square Pyramid/Rectangular

Pyramid
2. Cone 17. Rectangle

3. Cuboid 18. Cube

4. Cylinder 19. (i) Circle (ii) Rectangle (iii) Triangle

5. Faces = 6, Vertices = 8 20. Square Pyramid

6. Edges = 6, Vertices = 4 21. Triangular Pyramid

7. 0 22. Triangles, Rectangles

8. 7 23. (a) Top (b) Side (c) Front

9. Cylinder 24. A

10. Cube and cuboid 25. (i) Vertical (ii) Horizontal

11. X=2 26. Cylinder

12. Z=6 27. Faces

13. 6 28. Cylinder

14. Sphere 29. Yes

15. Square Pyramid 30. Edges = 8, Vertices = 5

Page | 103