NCMA216

LESSON 5: NURSING PROCESS IN PHARMACOLOGY

WEEK 5 I SECOND YEAR, FIRST SEMESTER - PRELIMS | A.Y. 2023-2024 I COLLEGE OF NURSING - VALENZUELA CAMPUS
PPT and Discussed by: PROF. MARIVIC E. ILARDE, MAN, RN
Transcribed by: EDGARDO III T. BALAIS, SN I BSN 2-Y1-4 I OLFU - VAL

9. Weight: Helps to determine whether the

NURSING PROCESS recommended drug dose is appropriate.
10. Age: Influences pharmacokinetics and
● The problem-solving process used to provide efficient
pharmacodynamics; the immature liver may not
nursing care.
metabolize drugs in the same way as in the
● Involves gathering information, formulating a nursing
diagnosis statement, developing patient centered goals, adult.
carrying out interventions, and evaluating the process. ● Sources of Information:
1. Primary source: Produced by and from the
● Nursing Care Plan (NCP) - a document that provides
direction on the type of nursing care the individual, family, patient.
or community might need; facilitates standardized, 2. Secondary sources: Relatives, significant others,
evidence-based and holistic care. medical records, and lab reports.
3. Tertiary sources: literature to provide
STEPS OF THE NURSING PROCESS
background information, diagnostic tests, and
● ADPIE - stands for Assessment, Nursing Diagnosis, diet.
Planning, Nursing Intervention/Implementation, and
DIAGNOSIS
Evaluation.
● Statement of the actual or potential problem.
ASSESSMENT
● A complete nursing diagnosis consists of two or three
● Step of data-gathering. statements: (1) a statement of the patient's actual or
● Subjective Data (Patient) - Client symptoms are verbalized potential health problem, followed by (2) a statement of
by the patient; current health history, current medications, the problem's probable cause or risk factors, and (3) Sign
and past history. and symptoms.
● Example is: “Nahihilo ako”, “Masakit ang tiyan ko”. ● Five Types of Nursing Diagnosis:
● Objective Data (Observed by the nurse) - Check the 1. Actual: Based on human responses and
following: supported by defining characteristics.
1. Signs and those organs affected by the drug 2. Risk/high-risk: Patients may be more susceptible
therapy. to a particular problem.
2. Lab. Tests, such as Blood Chem. 3. Possible: Suspected problems requiring
3. Diagnostic Studies additional data.
4. Physical Assessment Results: Assess major body 4. Wellness: Clinical judgment about a transition
systems for any signs of reaction or interaction from one level to a higher level.
of drugs or signs of ineffective therapy. 5. Syndrome: Cluster nursing diagnoses that occur
5. Researching medication order: MIMS Monthly together and best addressed together.
Index of Medical Specialties, and Nursing Drug ● Examples are:
Handbook. - Knowledge deficit of disease and medication related to
● Comprehensive Collection of Data: inability to understand instruction.
1. History: The patient’s past experiences and - Risk for injury related to side effects of drugs (opioids,
illnesses that can influence a drug’s effect. antidepressants).
2. Chronic Conditions: Can affect the - Alteration in thought processes related to drug action
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a (anti-anxiety drugs, antiseizure, narcotic painkillers).
drug. - Constipation related to drug action or side effects
3. Drug Use: may have an impact on a drug’s effect. (antispasmodic drugs).
4. Allergies: Past exposure to a drug or other - Fluid volume deficit related to drug action (diuretics,
allergens can provoke a future reaction. laxatives).
5. Level of Education and Understanding - Ineffective breathing pattern related to drug side effects
6. Social and Financial Support (ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS, anticonvulsants, beta blockers).
7. Pattern of Health Care: How he/she seeks health ● PES Format - Problem, Etiology, Signs and Symptoms
care gives info in preparing patient’s teaching (Example: Risk for injury related to side effects of the
plan. drug, evidenced by dizziness/lightheadedness and
8. Physical Examination: Develop a baseline for fainting).
evaluating the effectiveness of the drug.

NCMA216: PHARMACOLOGY LESSON 5: NURSING PROCESS IN PHARMACOLOGY 1

 NCMA216
LESSON 5: NURSING PROCESS IN PHARMACOLOGY
WEEK 5 I SECOND YEAR, FIRST SEMESTER - PRELIMS | A.Y. 2023-2024 I COLLEGE OF NURSING - VALENZUELA CAMPUS
PPT and Discussed by: PROF. MARIVIC E. ILARDE, MAN, RN
Transcribed by: EDGARDO III T. BALAIS, SN I BSN 2-Y1-4 I OLFU - VAL

PLANNING PEDIATRIC COMPUTATION

● Prioritized goal setting or expected outcome. 1. Young’s Rule: For children over 1 year (or 12 months) of
● Plan which intervention to use based on anticipated age up to 12 years.
patient behavior. Formula:
● Four Phases of Goal Setting: Child’s dose = Age of child in years x Adult dose
1. Setting priorities: Identify problems and Age of child in years + 12
prioritize. 2. Clark’s Rule: Calculated according to the weight of the
2. Developing measurable goal/outcome child (in pounds or lbs.), therefore it can be used for
statements: Write short- and long-term goals for children of all ages.
the patient to be followed when providing care Formula:
(SMART objective). Child’s dose = Weight of child in lbs. x Adult dose
3. Formulating nursing interventions. 150
4. Formulating anticipated therapeutic outcomes. * 1 kg = 2.2 lbs
INTERVENTION/IMPLEMENTATION 3. Fried’s Rule: For children under 1 year of age (a month of
age to 11 months of age).
● Actions taken to meet the patient’s needs.
Formula:
● Nursing actions are suggested:
1. Independent action: Provided by nurse by virtue Child’s dose = Age of child in months x Adult dose
of education and license. 150
2. Dependent actions: Performed by a nurse based ADDITIONAL COMPUTATIONS
on a health care provider’s orders. ● DOSE (D/SxQ):
3. Interdependent actions (Collaborative): Doctor’s order/desired x Quantity
Implemented with the cooperation of a team. Stock on hand
● Three types of nursing interventions that are frequently ● IVF RATE (gtts/min or ugtts/min):
involved in drug therapy: drug administration, provision Volume in ml/cc x Drop Factor
of comfort measures, patient and/or family education. # hours to run 60 min/hr
● What to consider: * Drop Factor could be:
1. Proper Drug Administration: 10 Rights A. Macroset: 15 or 20 gtts/ml, or;
2. Comfort Measures B. Microset: 60 ugtts/ml
3. Placebo Effect: The anticipation that a drug will *1 macrodrop = 4 ugtts
be helpful. *Blood Transfusion = 10 gtts/ml
4. Managing adverse effects
5. Lifestyle Adjustment
6. Patient and Family Education
EVALUATION
● Determining the effects of the interventions.
● Met, unmet, or partially met.
● Effectiveness of health teaching about drug therapy
attainment of goals are addressed here.
● If goals are NOT MET, the nurse needs to determine the
reasons for this and REVISE THE PLAN accordingly, and
include additional ASSESSMENT data and the setting of
new GOALS (Side effects, adverse effects, and toxic
effects).
● If the goals are MET, the plan of care has been completed
(Therapeutic effects).

NCMA216: PHARMACOLOGY LESSON 5: NURSING PROCESS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2