Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church

The Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church (MOSC)[8] also

Malankara Orthodox Syrian
known as the Indian Orthodox Church (IOC)[9] or simply as
Church
the Malankara Church,[10] is an autocephalous[11][12][5]
Oriental Orthodox church headquartered in Devalokam, near
(Indian Orthodox Church)
Kottayam, India. The church serves India's Saint Thomas
Christian (also known as Nasrani) population. According to
tradition, these communities originated in the missions of
Thomas the Apostle in the 1st century (circa 52 AD).[13] It
employs the Malankara Rite, an Indian form of the West Syriac
liturgical rite.

The MOSC descends from the Malankara Church and its

MOSC Catholicate Palace
affiliation with the Syriac Orthodox Church. However,
between 1909 and 1912, a schism over the authority of the Classification Oriental Orthodox
Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch's authority resulted in the Orientation Eastern Christianity
dissolution of the unified Malankara Church and establishment
Scripture Peshitta
of the overlapping and conflicting MOSC and Jacobite Syrian
Christian Church (JSCC).[3] Since 1912, the MOSC has Theology Miaphysitism
maintained a catholicate, the Catholicos of the East and Polity Episcopal
Malankara Metropolitan–presently Baselios Marthoma
Governance Episcopal Synod
Mathews III–who is the primate of the church. The MOSC
drafted and formally adopted a constitution in 1934, wherein Primate Malankara
the church formally declared the Malankara Metropolitan and Metropolitan &
the Catholicos of the East as one. The Malankara Orthodox Catholicos of East
Syrian Church asserts communion with the other Oriental Baselios Marthoma
Orthodox churches. However, regular legal and occasional Mathews III
physical confrontations between the MOSC and the Syriac
Orthodox JSCC have continued despite multiple efforts to Region India and the
reconcile the churches.[3][14][2]: 272 Nasrani Malayali
diaspora
The Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church accepts Language Syriac, Konkani,
miaphysitism,[15][16] which holds that in the one person of Malayalam, English
Jesus Christ, divinity and humanity are united in one (μία, mia)
nature (φύσις – "physis") without separation, without Liturgy West Syriac Rite
confusion, without alteration and without mixing[17] where (Malankara Rite)
Christ is consubstantial with God the Father. Around 500 Headquarters Catholicate Palace,
bishops within the Patriarchates of Alexandria, Antioch and Kottayam, Kerala,
Jerusalem refused to accept the dyophysitism (two natures) India
doctrine decreed by the 4th ecumenical council, the Council of
Chalcedon in 451, an incident that resulted in the second major Founder Thomas the Apostle
split in the main body of the Christian Church (after the by tradition
Nestorian schism). While the Oriental Orthodox churches Dionysius VI[1] and
rejected the Chalcedonian definition, the sees that would later Baselios Paulose I
become the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church (catholicate)[2]: 285 [3]
accepted this council.[18]
Self-reporting roughly 2.5 million members (with external Origin 1st century by
estimates of roughly 1 million)[7] across 30 dioceses tradition[4]
worldwide, a significant proportion of the Malankara Orthodox
Independence 1912 (Establishment
Syrian Church's adherents reside in the southern India state of
Kerala with the diaspora communities in North America, of Catholicate)[5]
Europe, the Middle East, Malaysia, Singapore, Australia and Separated from Syriac Orthodox
New Zealand.[19] Church[6]: 197
Branched from Saint Thomas
History Christians,
Malankara Church
Separations Syro-Malankara
Early history Catholic Church
(1930)[6]: 197
According to tradition, Christianity first arrived in India with
Thomas the Apostle during the 1st century AD, evolving into Members 1 million[7]
Saint Thomas Christianity over several centuries.[20] While Other name(s) മലങ്കര സഭ
isolated and generally independent in administration, Indian (Malankara Church)
Christians maintained contact with the Christian hierarchies of Indian Orthodox
Antioch, Persia, and potentially Alexandria.[21][22] The Saint Church
Thomas Christians had relationships with the Persian Church
of the East from at least the 6th century onward. The Indians Official website mosc.in (http://www.
inherited its East Syriac dialect for liturgical use and gradually malankaraorthodoxc
became Syriac Christians in ritual and doctrine. They received hurch.in)
clerical support from Persian
bishops, who traveled to Kerala in
merchant ships on the spice
route.[23] For much of this period,
Saint Thomas Christians were
under the leadership of an
archdeacon (a native ecclesiastical
head with temporal powers,
deriving from the Greek
arkhidiākonos).

During the 16th century, efforts by

the Portuguese Padroado–an arm
of the Catholic Church–to bring the
Saint Thomas Christians under the
administration of the Latin Church
and attempts to Latinize the Chronological diagram of Saint Thomas Christian denominations
Malankara Rite led to the first of
several rifts in the community.
These divisions intensified following the 1599 Synod of Diamper. Saint Thomas Christians who were
opposed to the Portuguese Padroado missionaries took the Coonan Cross Oath on 3 January
1653.[24][25][26] The Dutch East India Company expulsion of the Portuguese from much of Malabar
enabled the reconciliation of some Saint Thomas Christians and the Catholic Church, with this group
eventually evolving into the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, an Eastern Catholic church that adopted the
Chaldean Catholic Church's East Syriac Rite and Diophysite christology.

Malankara Church

Many Saint Thomas Christian chose to remain independent from the Catholic Church. Patriarch Gregorios
Abdal Jaleel, the Syriac Orthodox Archbishop of Jerusalem, witnessed the 1665 ordination of Thomas as
Bishop Thoma I, who forged a renewed relationship with the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch and
Saint Thomas Christians, which laid the foundation for adopting West Syrian liturgy and practices over the
next two centuries. Those who supported the indigenous church leader of Malankara, Thoma I, and
adopted West Syrian liturgies and practices and Miaphysite faith evolved into the Malankara
Church.[27][28][29][30][31]

19th century

The Arthat Padiyola declared that the administration of Malankara Church was independent and the
bishops from Rome, Antioch, and Babylon had no role in the Malankara Church hierarchy, despite
continued efforts to integrate the remaining independent Saint Thomas Christians into these patriarchates. In
1807, four gospels of Holy Bible in Syriac were translated to Malayalam by Kayamkulam Philipose
Ramban. The Malankara Orthodox Theological Seminary in Kottayam was established in 1815 under the
leadership of Pulikottil Ittup Ramban (Mar Dionysius II). The Mavelikara Synod (Padiyola) led by
Cheppad Mar Dionysius rejected the suggestions put forward by Anglican missioneries and Reformation
group and declared the beliefs and theology of Malankara Church were same as the Syriac Orthodox
Church of Antioch.

20th century

Geevarghese Dionysius of Vattasseril, who became the Malankara metropolitan bishop in 1908, played a
significant role with the other clerical and lay leaders of Malankara in re-establishing the Catholicos of the
East in India in 1912. In 1909 the relations with the Syrian Orthodox Church soured, when Patriarch
Ignatius Abded Aloho II who arrived in India, began demanding registered deeds granting the patriarch
temporal authority over the church. Dionysius rejected the request and thus emerged two factions in the
church. The faction that supported the Patriarch came to be called as "Bava Kakshi" (Patriarch Faction) and
the faction that supported the Malankara Metropolitan came to be known as "Methran Kakshi"
(Metropolitan Faction).[32][33] The Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church wanted to retain its autocephaly,
and appealed to Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch Ignatius Abdul Masih II. He enthroned Murimattathil
Paulose Ivanios as Baselios Paulose I, Catholicos of the East, on the apostolic throne of St. Thomas at St.
Mary's Church in Niranam on 15 September 1912.[34]

In 1934, The Malankara Church adopted a constitution for smooth functioning of the church, parishes and
institution. In 1947, Saint Gregorios of Parumala was declared as a saint by the Church. In 1952 the
Official Residence of the Malankara Metropolitan and the Headquarters of Malankara Church was shifted
to Devalokam from Pazhaya Seminary. In 1958, The Supreme Court declared Catholicos Baselios
Geevarghese II as the legitimate Malankara Metropolitan. The two factions of the Malankara Orthodox
Church rejoined. In 1964, Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch participated in the enthronement ceremony
of the Catholicos and Malankara Metropolitan, Baselios Augen I. In 1995, the Supreme Court of India
declared the MOSC constitution adopted in 1934 was valid.

21st century

In 2002, fresh elections were conducted in Malankara Association under the observation of Supreme Court
of India. The Supreme Court declared Catholicos Baselios Marthoma Mathews II is the official and
legitimate Malankara Metropolitan and also declared that this decision cannot be disputed in any platform.
In 2003, Vattasheril Dionysius VI was declared as a saint. In 2012, the centennial of the establishment of
the church and Catholicate were celebrated with history classes and church publications.[35] On 3 July
2017, a major verdict by the Supreme Court of India declared the MOSC legally applicable to all parishes
in disputed possession between the MOSC and Jacobite Syrian Christian Church.[36]

Hierarchy, presence and doctrine

The spiritual head of the church is the Catholicos of the
East, and its temporal head is the Malankara Metropolitan.
Since 1934, both titles have been vested in one person; the
official title of the head of the church is "The Catholicos of
the Apostolic Throne of Saint Thomas and The Malankara
Metropolitan". Baselios Marthoma Paulose II was
enthroned as the Malankara Metropolitan and the
Catholicos of the Malankara Church on 1 November 2010
at St. Peter and St. Paul's Church, Parumala. He is the
eighth Catholicose of the East in Malankara and the 21st
Malankara Metropolitan.

Oriental Orthodox Churches, including the Malankara

Orthodox Syrian Church, accept only the first three
ecumenical councils: the First Council of Nicaea, the First
Council of Constantinople, and the Council of Ephesus.
The church, like all other Oriental Orthodox Churches,
uses the original Nicene Creed[37] without the filioque
clause.[38] Like the Syriac Orthodox Church, it primarily
uses the liturgy of Saint James in Malayalam, Konkani,
Kannada, Hindi, English and other Indian languages.

Baselios Marthoma Mathews III Present

Liturgy and canonical hours Catholicos and Malankara Metropolitan

The church has used the Malankara Rite, part of the Antiochene
Rite, since the 17th century.[39] The Jacobite Church and the
Maronite Church also belong to the same liturgical family. In the
first half of the fifth century, the Antiochene church adopted the
Liturgy of Saint James. In the 4th and 5th centuries, The liturgical
language of fourth- and fifth-century Jerusalem and Antioch was
Greek, and the original liturgy was composed in Greek.

Eucharist celebration of the church.

After the Council of Chalcedon in 451, the Eastern Church was divided in two; one group accepted the
council, and the other opposed it. Both groups continued to use the Greek version of the Saint James
liturgy. The Byzantine emperor Justin (518–527) expelled the opponents from Antioch, and they took
refuge in the Syriac-speaking Mesopotamia on the Roman–Persian border (modern eastern Syria, Iraq, and
southeastern Turkey). The Antiochene liturgical rites were gradually translated into Syriac, and Syriac
hymns were introduced.

Gregorios Abdal Jaleel came to Malankara from Jerusalem in 1665 and introduced Syriac Orthodox
liturgical rites. The most striking characteristic of the Antiochene liturgy is its large number of anaphoras
(celebrations of the Eucharist). About eighty are known, and about a dozen are used in India. All have been
composed following the Liturgy of Saint James.[40]

Christians of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church pray the canonical hours of the Shehimo at fixed
prayer times seven times a day.[41]

Saints
In conformity with other Eastern and Oriental Orthodox Churches, and also with the Catholic Church, the
Malankara church adheres to the tradition of seeking the intercession of saints. Several have been
canonized:

Geevarghese Gregorios of Parumala: Entombed in St. Peter and St. Paul's Church,
Parumala, and canonized by Geevarghese II in 1947
Baselios Yeldo: Entombed in St. Thomas Church, Kothamangalam, and canonised by
Geevarghese II in 1947
Geevarghese Dionysius of Vattasseril: Entombed in the Orthodox Theological Seminary,
Kottayam, and canonized by Mathews II in 2003
Antonio Francisco Xavier Alvares: Entombed in St. Mary's Orthodox Church, Ribandar, and
declared a regional saint by Paulose II in 2015. (Not officially canonized a saint)[42]
Fr. Roque Zephrin Noronah: Entombed in St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral, Brahmavar, and
declared a regional saint by Paulose II in 2015 (Not officially canonized a saint)[43]
 Geevarghese Geevarghese Antonio Francisco
Gregorios of Dionysius of Xavier Alvares
Parumala Vattasseril

Malankara Metropolitan
The temporal, ecclesiastical and spiritual administration of the church is vested in the Malankara
Metropolitan, subject to the church constitution[44] which was adopted in 1934. The Malankara
Metropolitan is president of the Malankara Syrian Christian Association (Malankara Association) and
its managing committee, and trustee of community properties. He is the custodian of the Pazhaya Seminary
and other common properties of Malankara Syrian Community. He is also the custodian of vattipanam
interest which was deposited in Travancore Government by Marthoma VII. He is elected by the Malankara
association.

List of Malankara Metropolitans

1. Thoma I (1653–1670)[45]
2. Thoma II (1670–1686)
3. Thoma III (1686–1688)
4. Thoma IV (1688–1728)
5. Thoma V (1728–1765)
6. Thoma VI (1765–1808)
7. Thoma VII (1808–1809)
8. Thoma VIII (1809–1816)
9. Thoma IX (1816)
10. Dionysius II (1816)
11. Dionysius III (1817–1825)
12. Dionysius IV (1825–1852)
13. Mathews Athanasius (1852–1877)
14. Dionysius V (1865–1909)[46]
15. Dionysius VI (1909–1934)[47]
16. Geevarghese II (1934–1964)[48] From 1934 Malankara Metropolitan also holds the office of
Catholicos of the East of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church.
17. Augen I (1964–1975), also Catholicos of the East
18. Mathews I (1975–1991), also Catholicos of the East
19. Mathews II (1991–2005),[49] also Catholicos of the East
20. Didymos I (2005–2010), also Catholicos of the East
21. Paulose II (2010–2021), also Catholicos of the East
22. Mathews III (15th Oct 2021–Present), also Catholicos of the East[50][51]

Catholicate
"Catholicos" means "the general head", and can be considered equivalent to "universal bishop."[52] The
early church had three priestly ranks: episcopos (bishop), priest and deacon. By the end of the third century,
bishops of important cities in the Roman Empire became known as metropolitans. The fourth-century
ecumenical councils recognized the authority of the metropolitan. By the fifth century, the bishops of
Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria and Antioch gained control of the churches in surrounding cities.They
gradually became the heads of the regional churches, and were known as patriarchs (common father).
Outside the Roman Empire, patriarchs were known as catholicos. There were four catholicates before the
fifth century: the Catholicate of the East, the Catholicate of Armenia, the Catholicate of Georgia and the
Catholicate of Albania. In Orthodox tradition, any apostolic and autonomous national church (often referred
to as a local church) may call its head a catholicos, pope or patriarch. The archdeacons reigned from the
fourth to the 16th centuries; in 1653, the archdeacon was elevated to bishop by the community as Mar
Thoma I.

The Catholicate of the East was relocated to India in 1912, and Baselios Paulose I was seated on the
apostolic throne of St. Thomas as the Catholicos of the East. The headquarters of the Malankara Orthodox
Syrian Church and the Catholicos of the East is the Catholicate Palace at Devalokam, Kottayam, Kerala,
which was consecrated on 31 December 1951. The new palace, built in 1961, was dedicated by visiting
Armenian Catholicos Vazgen IThe Holy Synod and Managing committee designated H.G.Dr. Mathews
Mor Severios to the new Malankara Metropolitan and Catholicos of Malankara Church succeeding
Baselios Marthoma Paulose II. He was consecrated as the 22nd Malankara Metropolitan during the
Malankara Association that took place on the 14th of October 2021 at St. Peter and St. Paul's Church,
Parumala and enthroned as the 9th Catholicos of Malankara Church on 15 October 2021.[8][9][10].[53]
Relics of St. Thomas are kept in the catholicate chapel, and Geevarghese II, Augen I, Mathews I and
Paulose II are interred there.

List of Catholicos of the East of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church

The list of Catholicos of the East of Malankara Church:

Baselios Paulose I (1912–1914)

Vacant (1914–1925)
Baselios Geevarghese I (1925–1928)
Baselios Geevarghese II (1929–1964)
From 1934 Catholicos is also holding the office of Malankara Metropolitan.
Baselios Augen I (1964–1975)
Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews I (1975–1991)
Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews II (1991–2005)
Baselios Mar Thoma Didymos I (2005–2010)
 Baselios Mar Thoma Paulose II (2010–2021)
Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews III (2021–present)

Administration
Until the 17th century, the church was administered by the archdeacon (Malankara Moopan).[54] The
elected archdeacon was in charge of day-to-day affairs, including the ordination of deacons to the
priesthood. Ordinations were performed by Persian bishops visiting India. The Malankara Palliyogam (a
forerunner of the Malankara Association) consisted of elected representatives from individual parishes. The
isolation of the Malankara church from the rest of Christendom preserved the apostolic age's democratic
nature through interactions with Portuguese (Roman Catholic) and British (Anglican) colonialists. From the
17th to the 20th centuries, the church had five pillars of administration:

The Episcopal Synod, presided over by the Catholicos of the East

The Malankara Association, presided by Malankara Metropolitan
Three trustees: the Malankara metropolitan and priest and lay trustees
The Malankara Association's managing and working committees[55][56]

1934 church constitution

Envisioned by Dionysius VI, the church's general and day-to-day administration was codified in its 1934
constitution. The constitution[57] was presented at the 26 December 1934 Malankara Christian Association
meeting at M. D. Seminary,[58] adopted and enacted. It has been amended three times. Although the
constitution was challenged in court by dissident supporters of the Patriarch of Antioch, Supreme Court
rulings in 1958, 1995, 2017 and 2018 upheld its validity.[59]

The constitution's first article asserts the relationship between the Syriac Orthodox Church and the
Malankara Church. The second article addresses the establishment of the Malankara Church by St. Thomas
and ascribes primacy to the Catholicos. The third article regards the church's name. The fourth article
describes the faith and its traditions. The fifth article examines church governance canon law.[60]

Malankara Association

The elected Malankara Association, consisting of parish members, manages the church's religious and
social concerns. Formerly the Malankara Palli-yogam (മലങ്കര പള്ളി യോഗം; Malankara Parish
Assembly, its modern form is believed to have been founded in 1873 as the Mulanthuruthy Synod, a
gathering of parish representatives in Parumala. In 1876, the Malankara Association began.[61]

The church constitution outlines the association's powers and responsibilities. The Catholicos of the East
and Malankara Metropolitan is the president, and the diocesan metropolitan bishops are vice-presidents. All
positions are elected. Each parish is represented in the association by an elected priest and laypeople,
proportional to parish-membership size.

Co-Trustees Elected By Malankara Association

This is a list of Co-Trustees (Priest Trustee & Lay Trustee) elected by the Malankara Association[62][63] of
the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church:
 Year of
Clergy Trustee Duration Lay Trustee Duration
Election

1869 Punnathra Chacko 21 Oct 1869 - 13 Sep Kulangara Ittychan 12 Oct 1869 — ?
Chandapilla Kathanar 1886 Pailey

1886 Konat Kora Yohannan 13 Sep 1886 - 09 Mar Kunnumpurath Kora 13 Sep 1886 &
Kathanar 1890 Ulahannan, Kottayam 31 Mar 1892 - 24 Feb
1901
1892 Konat Kora Mathan 31 Mar 1892 & -
Malpan 23 Nov 1895 - 07 Sep
1911

1901 - C. J. Kurien 25 Apr 1901 - 07 Sep

(Kunnumpurath 1911
Ulahannan Kora),
Kottayam

1911 Palappalil Mani 07 Sep 1911 - 21 Dec Chirakadavil Kora 07 Sep 1911 - 31 May
Paulose Kathanar 1955 Kochu Korula, 1931
Pampakuda Kottayam (d. 1931)
1931 - E. I Joseph, Kottayam 10 Jul 1931 - 15 Jul
1946

1958 Manalil Jacob 26 dec 1958 - 28 Dec Ooppoottil Kurien 26 Dec 1958 - 12 Dec
Kathanar 1965 Abraham, Kottayam 1978

1965 Thengumthottathil T. 28 Dec 1965 - 28 Dec -

S. Abraham Cor 1982
Episcopa
1980 - Padinjarekkara P. C. 01 May 1980 - 21 Mar
Abraham, Kottayam 2007

1982 Konat Abraham 28 Dec 1982 - 03 Mar -

Malpan 1987

1987 Fr. Mathai Nooranal 29 Dec 1987 - 29 Nov -

2002
2004 Fr. Dr. O. Thomas 10 Jun 2004 - 21 Mar -
2007

2007 Fr. Johns Abraham 21 Mar 2007 - 07 Mar M.G. George Muthoot 21 Mar 2007 - 07 Mar
Konat 2012 2012

2012 Fr. Johns Abraham 07 Mar 2012 - 01 Mar M.G. George Muthoot 07 Mar 2012 - 01 Mar
Konat 2017 2017
2017 Fr. Dr. M.O. John 01 Mar 2017 - 04 Aug George Paul (d. 2019) 01 Mar 2017 - 26 Nov
2022 2019

2022 Fr. Dr. Thomas 04 Aug 2022 - Present Ronny Varghese 04 Aug 2022 - Present
Varghese Amayil Abraham

Dioceses
1. Thiruvananthapuram Diocese
2. Kollam Diocese
3. Kottarakkara Punaloor Diocese
4. Adoor Kadampanad Diocese
5. Thumpamon Diocese
6. Nilakal Diocese
 7. Mavelikara Diocese
8. Chengannur Diocese
9. Niranam Diocese
10. Kottayam Diocese
11. Kottayam Central Diocese
12. Idukki Diocese
13. Kandanad West Diocese
14. Kandanad East Diocese
15. Kochi Diocese
16. Angamaly Diocese
17. Thrissur Diocese
18. Kunnamkulam Diocese
19. Malabar Diocese
20. Sulthan Bathery Diocese
21. Brahmavar Diocese
22. Bangalore Diocese
23. Madras Diocese
24. Bombay Diocese
25. Ahmedabad Diocese
26. Delhi Diocese
27. Calcutta Diocese
28. UK, Europe and Africa Diocese
29. Northeast America Diocese
30. Southwest America Diocese[64]

Metropolitan Bishops
The church's Episcopal Synod has the following diocesan bishops:[65][66]

Baselios Marthoma Mathews III Catholicos of the East and Malankara

Metropolitan.Kandanad West, Bangalore Diocese and Kottayam Central
Thomas Mar Athanasios – Metropolitan of Kandanad East Diocese
Yuhanon Mar Meletius – Metropolitan of Thrissur Diocese
Kuriakose Mar Clemis Valiya Metropolita[67] – Retired
Geevarghese Mar Coorilose – Metropolitan of Bombay Diocese
Zachariah Mar Nicholovos – Metropolitan of Northeast America Diocese
Yakob Mar Irenios – Metropolitan of Kochi Diocese
Gabriel Mar Gregorios -Metropolitan of Trivandrum Diocese
Yuhanon Mar Chrysostamos – Metropolitan of Niranam Diocese
Yuhanon Mar Policarpos – Metropolitan of Ankamali Diocese
Mathews Mar Theodosius - On Leave
Joseph Mar Dionysius – Metropolitan of Kollam Diocese
Abraham Mar Ephiphanios – Metropolitan of Mavelikara Diocese
Mathews Mar Thimothios – Metropolitan of Chengannur Diocese
Alexios Mar Eusebios - Metropolitan of Calcutta Diocese
 Yuhanon Mar Dioscoros – Metropolitan of Kottayam Diocese
Youhanon Mar Demetrios – Metropolitan of Delhi Diocese
Yuhanon Mar Thevodoros – Metropolitan of Kottarakara–Punalur Diocese
Yakob Mar Elias – Metropolitan of Brahmavar Diocese
Joshua Mar Nicodemos – Metropolitan of Nilackal Diocese
Zacharias Mar Aprem – Metropolitan of Adoor–Kadampanadu Diocese
Geevarghese Mar Yulios – Metropolitan of Kunnamkulam Diocese
Abraham Mar Seraphim – Metropolitan of Thumbamon Diocese[68]
Abraham Mar Stephanos-Metropolitan of UK, Europe, Africa Diocese
Thomas Mar Ivanios- Metropolitan of Southwest America Diocese
Geevarghese Mar Theophilos- Metropolitan of Ahmedabad Diocese & Asst. Metropolitan of
Bombay Diocese
Geevarghese Mar Philexinos- Metropolitan of Madras Diocese & Asst. Metropolitan of
Bangalore Diocese[69]
Geevarghese Mar Pachomios- Metropolitan of Malabar Diocese
Geevarghese Mar Barnabas- Metropolitan of Sulthan Bathery Diocese
Zachariah Mar Severios- Metropolitan of Idukki Diocese

Churches with historical importance

St. Peter and St. Paul's Church, Parumala
St. George's Church, Chandanapally
St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral, Arthat
St. Mary's Church, Thiruvithamcode, established by Apostle Saint Thomas
St. Mary's Church, Niranam, established by Apostle Saint Thomas
St. Mary’s Orthodox Cathedral, Puthencavu
St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral, Pazhanji
St. Mary's Church, Kottayam
KalladaValiyapally
KundaraValiyapally
St. Thomas Orthodox Syrian Cathedral, Mulanthuruthy
Thumpamon Valiya Pally
Ambalam Pally, Kunnamkulam
Thevalakkara Church
Kottakkakathu Old Syrian Church, Karthikappally
Puthuppally Pally
St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral, Kandanad
St. George Orthodox Valiyapally, Mylapra
St. Thomas Orthodox Cathedral, Kadampanad
St. Peter and St. Paul's Church, Kolenchery
St. George Orthodox Church, Cheppad
St. Mary's Orthodox Syrian Cathedral, Piravom
St. George's Church, Kadamattom
St Mary's Orthodox Church, Kallooppara
St. George's Church, Chandanapally
 St. Mary’s Orthodox Cathedral, Puthiyacavu Mavelikara
Old Syrian Church, Chengannur
St. Stephen's Orthodox Cathedral, Kudassanad
Kadeesa Orthodox Cathedral, Kayamkulam

Monasteries and convents

Monastery of Saint Thomas, Vettikkal St. Peter and St. Paul's Church,
Parumala
Mount Tabor Monastery, Pathanapuram
The Bethany Ashram

Spiritual organizations
The church has a number of spiritual organizations:

Orthodox Syrian Sunday School Association of the East

(OSSAE)[70] St. Mary's Church, Niranam
Orthodox Christian Youth Movement (OCYM)
Mar Gregorios Orthodox Christian Student Movement
(MGOCSM)[71]
Divyabodhanam (Theological Education Programme for
the Laity)
St. Paul's & St.Thomas Suvishesha Sangam (National
Association for Mission Studies)
Orthodox Sabha Gayaka Sangham
St. Mary's Church,
Malankara Orthodox Baskiyoma Association Thiruvithamcode
Servants of the Cross
Akhila Malankara Prayer Group Association
Akhila Malankara Orthodox Shusrushaka Sangham
(AMOSS)
Mission Board and Mission Society
Ministry of Human Empowerment
Akhila Malankara Balasamajam
St. Thomas Orthodox Vaidika Sanghom
Old Syrian Church, Chengannur
Marth Mariam Vanitha Samajam (women's wing)
Ecological Commission
Ardra Charitable Trust[72]

Seminaries

St.Thomas Dayara, Vettikkal

The two seminaries which offers bachelor's and master's degrees in
theology are Orthodox Theological Seminary, Kottayam[73] and St.
Thomas Orthodox Theological Seminary, Nagpur.[74] The Malankara
Orthodox Seminary at Kottayam is the first Orthodox Seminary in
Asia established in year 1815.

Ecumenical relations
St George Orthodox Koonan
The church was a founding member of the World Council of Kurishu Old Syrian Church,
Churches.[75] Catholicos Geevarghese II and other metropolitan Mattancherry
participated in the 1937 Conference on Faith and Order in Edinburgh;
a church delegation participated in the 1948 WCC meeting in
Amsterdam in 1948, and the church played a role in the 1961 WCC
conference in New Delhi. Metropolitan Paulos Gregorios was
president of the WCC from 1983 to 1991.

The church participated in the 1965 Conference of Oriental Orthodox

Churches in Addis Ababa.[76] It is a member of the Faith and Order
Commission, the Christian Conference of Asia and the Global St. George Orthodox Church,
Christian Forum. A number of primates of sister churches have Puthuppally
visited, including Patriarch Justinian of Romania in February 1957
and in January 1969; Catholicos of All Armenians Vazgen I in
December 1963; Armenian Patriarch Derderian of Jerusalem in
December 1972; Patriarch Pimen I of Moscow in January 1977;
Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia Ilia II in September 1982;
Archbishop of Canterbury Robert Runcie in 1986, Patriarch Teoctist
Arăpașu of Romania in 1989; Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
Bartholomew I in November 2000; Metropolitan (later Patriarch)
St. George's Church,
Kirill of the Russian Orthodox Church in December 2006; Catholicos
Chandanapally
of All Armenians Karekin II in November 2008, Patriarch of Ethiopia
Abune Paulos in December 2008; the Armenian Catholicos of Cilicia
Aram I Keshishian in February 2010, and Patriarch of Ethiopia
Abune Mathias in November 2016.

Order of St. Thomas

The Order of St. Thomas, the church's highest award is presented to heads of state and churches by the
Catholicos of the East and Malankara Metropolitan. Recipients include Bartholomew I of Constantinople,
Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians Karekin II, Patriarch of Ethiopia Abune Paulos, Armenian
Catholicos of Cilicia Aram I, and Patriarch of Ethiopia Abune Mathias.[77]

See also
Christianity portal

India portal

List of Malankara Metropolitans

 List of metropolitans of the Indian Orthodox Church

References
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External links
Official website of the Indian (Malankara) Orthodox Syrian Church (http://mosc.in/)
Complete website of Catholicos of The East and Malankara Metropolitan (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20090923113736/http://www.catholicate.org/)
Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Constitution of 1934 (http://marthoman.tv/images/MOS
C%20Constitution.pdf)
Indian Orthodox Radio | E – Radio from the Shores of Malankara to the World (http://orthodo
xradio.in/)
Indian Orthodox Herald: News about the Catholicate of the East (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20051218230815/http://www.orthodoxherald.com/)
Matha Mariam Media: A Complete Orthodox Web Portal maintained by Trivandrum Diocese
(https://web.archive.org/web/20140518135510/http://www.mathamariammedia.com/)
ICON Indian Christian Orthodox Network – Catholicos of the East (https://web.archive.org/w
eb/20070928082948/http://www.icon.org.in/icon_prev_catholicoses.icon)
Malankara Orthodox TV (http://marthoman.tv/)

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