Range

Semi Conductor/ Diode

1-Reverse biasie o(Open CircUt

ACTIVE COMPONENT IDENTIFICATION & TESTING CHART Forward bias EN Lo

Few hundred Q

Component Testing
Photo DMM
Probes Meter Possible Fault Function Application Ratings & Price
Sr.
Name of the
Symbol (Physical Appearance) DMM Meter (usage) Specifications Range
No. Component Reading (refer standard value chart & in
(refer page No. 9 for more images) (when OK) Probes Reading No. coding system)
Black Red (when fauly) Forward current/
Forward bias in almost all
K Open Short reverse bias
Forward bias To pass current electronic circuits
Voltage (PIV) 0.75
Low resistance. only in one as a rectifier/
A or by No. codes
A K KA (fewhundred)K direction. switch / reverse
polarity protection. for few popular
17 (General
Diode Purpose Diode) e.g. 1N4007 1A/ 700V
2
Reverse bias e.g. e.g.
Reverse bias 1N4001-1A/50V onwaros
Radio, TV, 1N4007-1A/700V
A K A K Very very small inverter, UPS, etc.
N-K K current flows. 10A/400V

in most of Breakdown Voltage

Forward bias Open Short To maintain
A K constant voltage electronic circuits (W)
Power
Low resistance. Voltage 2 to 200V 1.50
across it which where particular
K A (Few hundred) KA 0
reference Voltage Power 1/4 to 50W
Zener A K
2
is breakdown
is required. or by No. codes to
voltage. 5.1V/ 1/2W
|18 Diode
(Reference Vollage Diode) A AHDHIBR- K A K
Reverse bias
A K
It is alwayS
e.g. Voltage
Regulator
Stabilizer, TV,
1N4728 (3.3V/ 1W)
1N5333 (3.3V/5W)
onwards
Connected
K
e.g. 47V 4W in reverse bias. Inverter, Computer
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Open Short in almost Available in
Forward bias
LED Forward bias To emit light.
all electronic round/ rectangular
shape, mostly round 1
(Light Emiting Diode) circuits/ devices
K A LED glows. K A as indicator diameter from

19 Al'k A
K
2 A K LED LED
Low
decorative lamp.
e.g. Clocks,
2-10mm/
color/ bicolor/
to
Reverse bias doesn't glows
AK Advertising multicolour. 10
glow dimmer
K KAK
e.g. 5mm red
LED doesnt
glow.
display, Color
lighting etc.
e.g. 2mm / Red
5mm/ Green / focus
Common Cathode CommonCathodeOpenShort Todisplay in most of Available in common
Display Com.a,D Com. a, D the numerics electronic digital anodel cathode,
(Seven Segment 8 f cma b dp.C dp,c, & alphabets circuits to display size / color,
LED Display) d ,e,Connected d, e, Few LED Few LED as per digital the output/ reading mostly by No. codes
FNDS07 10 f.g LED in numericS e.g. FND507, LT542
,9segment segment
20 A
CommonAnode
a,,b
segment
glows
Common AnOOEdoesnt
a,b glow.
giows
dimmer.
input.
alphabets. (Common anode)
e.g.Counters, clock, FND560, LT543. 50
edCom.c dp
(a,b,c.d.e.f.g.dp) are cathodes dp,c, respectively. p.c advertising display. (Common cathode)
d,e
ig/Com./
d,e Com.
Lfg Com.
AlphaNumericDisplay e.g. FND507/LT542 (Com.Anode) email: escelechronics@lomail
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 Semi Conductor/ Diode Range
TESTING CHART
ACTIVE COMPONENT IDENTIFICATION & 1Reverse bias ie 0pe
Few hundred Forward bias Few 9L
Component Testing
Photo DMM Possible Fault Application
Sr. Name of the Probes Meter
DMM Function Ratings& Price
Symbol (Physical Appearance) Meter (usage)
No. Component Reading Probes Reading
Specifications Rang
(refer page No. 9 for more images) (when OK) (referstandard value chart&in
Black Red (when faulty) No. coding system)

Open Short To control large in aimost all

PNP NPN collector current Available by
Transistor electronic circuitss
few mA) as a switching No. CodesS
(Bipolar Junction Forward 0 by controlling a
amplification.
very small base e.g. BC148, SL100 1
Transistor)) Forward current.(few uA) e.g. Radio,TV,etc. BC147, AF116
21 (Curent Operated Dewce NPN

3
ard 0 Lowresistance Colector BC148-Ic-100mA
Voe-20V, hfe-110
PE Forward 0
e.g. BC148 H43 BC-177-Ic-100mA 200
BCE C
Vce-45V, hfe-70
PNP e.g.SL100
e 0 SL-100-Ic-500mA
body C 0 body CC
Common Probe (NPN Common Probe (PNP) Voe-50V, hfe-40
No Light falls on junction Open Short When light falls in few of Available by
No Light falls on junction
Photodiode 7
K No. Codes
on junction, electronic circuits
2 A
orLight falls on junction K A it conducts and as a Light operated Photodiode
very very small
22 Photo more A
K A
Light falls on junction
Forward Light falls on juncion
A
K
K
A
current flows.
It is used in
(Photo) device.
e.g.
Object Counter
PD15-22C
PDB-C152SM
2 reverse bias.
Fiber optic comm., Photo-Transistor
Transistor or
more Forward
Light falls on juncion
C E 0 (Photo-Transistor
more sensitive & Remote Control, BPW11
e.g. BPW11 LPT2023
Base is always kept open 0 works as photodiode) Camera.
PNPNPN Open Short
Power Forward D 0
To control large in most of
collector current electronic circuits
Available by
No. codess
Transistor NPN
E
Forward b e (few A) as a Power
for switching and
device e.g. 2N3055
by controlling BU205, AD149
23 roward

Forward
C b 0 very small base amplification.
Current. (few mA) Eg. All domestic, AD149-c-3.5A,
ew mA) commercial
c
C e Vce-30V, hfe-30
e.g. AD149 e.g. BU508 and industrial
PNP 2N3055-Ic-15A,
DOOy 0
e
appliances such as Vce-70V, hfe-20
body CC TV, Amplifier, etc.
MOSFET
Metal Oxide Drain DBody02 Buzzer
D S(OFF) Forward
Open Short To control drain in most of electronic
Semiconductor
P33A
D S to source
Available by No. Codes
ield Effect Transistor current, Circuits where large
e.g. IRFZ44-35A/60V
2925

volage operated device DGe Trgger to agate DG-ve Trigger 0 by applying power handling is
Source
t e
D S(ON) Low ( Forward) D S a gate Voltage. required.e.g. Inverter,IRF3205-98A/50V
UPS, Online UPS,etc.
praiQ 3 DIS G Short Drain
Drain
D S(OFF Forward
D S G S
95 LISD
Bos always fix for such packages MOSFET can be
G Tested as shown.
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 1PanductnrI Diode Range
ACTIVE COMPONENT
IDENTIFICATION & TESTING CHART Semi Conductor/ Diode Range
1-Reverse bias ie. (Open)
Component Testing Few hundred 9-Forward bias Fewo Low
Sr. Name of the Symbol Photo DMM
No. Component Probes Meter Possible Fault
(Physical Appearance) DMM Function
(refer page No. 9 for more images) Reading Meter Application Price
(when OK) Probes Reading usage) Ratings&
Specifications Range
SCR A
Black Red (whenfaulty) refer standard value chart&In
No. coding system)
(Silicon Controlled A
A G
Open Short lo control Anode in few of
Rectifier) A K 0 to
power
Cathode current electronic circuits
Forward current/PIV
S40TPSTO G K -as diode
Controlled Diode by applying a +veWnere ac i dc power No. Codes
25 3 K
A
A
A
G K
G
trigger pulse to Control is required.NO.
gate for a second.9, Speed control e9
Codes
VS40TPS16
VS40TPS08 (40A/800V)
Gate A K A of dc motor
D, KAG
K G Forward K A
95
Gate 1 body A
K A
0 K G 993 onwards
K e.g. VS40TPS16-(40A/1600V) body A
K AG ve Cathode ve AnodeAG ve Cathode veAnode hough Gate Tn KAG
+ve
trigger applied to gate SCR (ON) SCRs
VEgae Inger tor a second
Diac Open Short
OF
It is voltage
SCR becomes ON
5 removed
SCR remains ON
few of ac power
Bidirectional OK
in
Available by No codes.
26 ac switch
2 2 Just like a 2 0
operated switch. control circuits along
with triac.
1/4W only.
DB3-32V/ 1A
2

e.g. Fan Regulator,

open circuit 2 Though DB4-40V 1A to
OK Light dimmer
ELECTRONICS WORKS or Open
ac Power switching
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Triac MT1 Open Short To control in few of electronic
Bidirectional controlled
MT1 MT2 Forward MT1 MT2 large ac load circuits where ac power Available by
SWItch MT2 MT1 Forward by controlling Controling is required. No. Codes 15
MT2 MT1
MT1
a very small e.g. Fan Regulator, e.g.BT136--4A/500V
G MT1 2N6342-8A/ 200V
27 3
G MT2 G MT2
0
gate current. Light dimmer. to

MT1 G
MT2 MI2 MT MT2 6
MT1
MT2
0
30 onwards
MT.
bOdyG DOdy 0 veMI G V eMT1 veMTZ G
Fonsard biasG V
FOward bias
E C
IGBT E G EC
Open Short
0
o controlcollector Inverter, UPS
to emitter current
by Online UPS,
Available by
No. Codes
(Insulated Gate Bipolar applying a very AC/DC Drive, 25N120 (25A/1200V)
G C E G 0 Small gate Voltage. Static Stabilizer, 70
Junction Transistor Hioh ip 40N120 (40A/1200V)
G E (static charge)
28 MOSFET& Transistor
Combination 0f
impedance
G CE
3
C G
G
GE
C Induction Cooker.
to
Colecior
C E Forward C G
Low
saturation
body C E 0 ON onwaras
E F
Voltage
C G+ve staic charge ON body C
charge OFFGB be confirm
E
E C
C G-ve static
statccharge uF r testedcan
Emtter f

as shown. PAGE 7
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