1.

) ACTORI INCUMBIT ONUS PROBANDI - The burden of proof

rests with the plaintiff or prosecution.
2.) ACTUS DEI NEMINI FACIT INJURIAM - The law holds no man
responsible for the act of God.
3.) ACTUS DEI NEMINI NOCET - No one is to be prejudiced at law
by the act of God
4.) ACTUS LEGIS NEMINI EST DAMNOSUS - An act of the law is
hurtful to no one.
5.)ACTUS ME INVITO FACTUS NON EST MEUS ACTUS - That
which is done against my will, although done by me, is not my
act.
6.) ACTUS NON FACIT REUM, NISI MENS SIT REA - An act does
not make the person doing it guilty unless it is accompanied by a
guilty mind
7.) ALLEGANS CONTRARIA NON EST AUDIENDUS - A witness
may not be heard to contradict himself.
8.) ALLEGATA ET PROBATA - Things alleged and proved.
9.) ALTUM MARE - The high seas.
10.) AMICUS CURIAE - A friend of the Court.
11.) ANIMO - With intention.
12.) ANIMO FELONICO - With felonious intent.
13.) ANIMUS - Mind, Intention.
14.) ANIMUS DEDICANDI - The intention of donating or
dedicating.
15.) ANIMUS ET FACTUM - The combination of intention with the
fact.
16.) ANIMUS FURANDI - With the intention of stealing.
17.) ARBITRIUM EST JUDICIUM - The award of an arbitrator has
the same force and effect as a judgement.
18.) ARGUMENTUM AB IMPOSSIBILI VALET IN LEGE - An
argument drawn from the fact that a thing is impossible is of
much force in law.
19.) AUCUPIA VERBORUM SUNT JUDICE INDIGNA - Quibbling
with words is not worthy of a judge.
20.) AUDI ALTERAM PARTEM - To hear both sides, to hear the
other side.
.
03/30/2016 1:53pm
SOME USEFUL LATIN TERMS AND LEGAL MAXIMS:
Verba legis non est decendendum – from the words of the law
there can be no departure.
Dura lex sed lex – the law may be harsh but it is the law.
Ignorantia legis neminem excusat – ignorance of the law excuses
no one.
Ignorantia facti excusat – mistake of fact excuses.
Praeter intentionem – different from that which was intended.
Error in personae – mistake in identity.
Abberatio Ictus – mistake in the blow
Nulum crimen, nulla poena sine lege – there is no crime when
there is no law punishing the same.
Actus non facit reum, nisi mens sit rea – the act cannot be
criminal where the mind is not criminal.
Actus mi invictu reus, nisi mens facit reum – an act done by me
against my will is not my act.
Mens rea – guilty mind.
Actus reus – guilty act.
Res ipsa loquitor – the thing speaks for itself.
Causa Proxima – proximate cause which produced the immediate
effect.
Prima facie – at first glance.
Locus Criminis – scene of the crime or crime scene.
Pro Reo – principle in Criminal Law which states that where the
statute admits of several interpretations, the one most favorable
to the accused shall be adopted.
Res Gestae – the thing itself.
Falsus in unum, falsus in omnibus – false in one part of the
statement would render the entire statement false (note: this
maxim is not recognized in our jurisdiction).
03/31/2016 5:53pm
SPECIAL PENAL LAWS
1. RA NO. 10175 - AN ACT DEFINING CYBERCRIME, PROVIDING
FOR THE PREVENTION, INVESTIGATION, SUPPRESSION AND
THE
2. RA NO. 10158 - AN ACT DECRIMINALIZING VAGRANCY,
AMENDING FOR THIS PURPOSE ARTICLE 202 OF ACT NO. 3815,
AS AMENDED, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE REVISED PENAL
CODE
3. RA NO. 9995 - AN ACT DEFINING AND PENALIZING THE CRIME
OF PHOTO AND VIDEO VOYEURISM, PRESCRIBING PENALTIES
THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
4. RA No. 9775 - Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009
5. RA No. 9516 - An Act Further Amending the Provisions of
Presidential Decree No. 1866, As Amended, Entitled "Codifying
the Laws on Illegal/Unlawful Possession, Manufacture, Dealing in,
Acquisition or Disposition of Firearms, Ammunition or Explosives
Or Instruments Used in the Manufacture of Firearms, Ammunition
or Explosives, and Imposing Stiffer Penalties for Certain
Violations thereof, and for Relevant Purposes"
6. RA No. 9439 [H. No. 68] - An Act Prohibiting the Detention of
Patients in Hospitals and Medical Clinics on Grounds of
Nonpayment of Hospital Bills or Medlcal Expenses
7. RA No. 9346 - An Act Prohibiting the Imposition of Death
Penalty in the Philippines.
8. Republic No. 9344 - An Act Establishing a Comprehensive
Juvenile Justice and Welfare System, Creating the Juvenile
Justice and Welfare Council under the Department of Justice,
Appropriating Funds therefor and for other Purposes.
9. Republic Act No. 9262 - An Act Defining Violence Against
Women And Their Children, Providing For Protective Measures
For Victims, Prescribing Penalties Therefore, And For Other
Purposes.
10. Republic Act No. 9208 - An Act To Institute Policies to
Eliminate Trafficking in Persons Especially Women and Children,
Establishing the Necessary Institutional Mechanisms for the
Protection and Support of Trafficked Persons, Providing Penalties
for Its Violations, and for other Purposes.
11. Republic Act No. 9194 - An Act Amending Republic Act No.
9160, Otherwise Known as the "Anti-Money Laundering Law of
2001"
12. Republic Act No. 9165 - Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act
of 2002
13. Republic Act No. 9160 - The Rules and Regulations
Implementing the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2001
14. Republic Act No. 8505 - Rape Victim Assistance and
Protection Act of 1998
15.Republic Act No. 8368 - The Anti-Squatting Law Repeal Act of
1997
16. Republic Act No. 8353 - Anti-Rape Law
17. Republic Act No. 8294 - An Act Amending the Provisions of P.
D. No. 1866, Entitled "Codifying the Laws on Illegal/Unlawful
Possession, Manufacture, Dealing In, Acquisition or Dispostion of
Firearms, Ammunition or Explosives or Instruments Used in the
Manufacture of Firearms, Ammunition or Explosives, and
Imposing Stiffer Penalties for Certain Violations Thereof, and for
Relevant Purposes"
18. Republic Act No. 8177 - An Act Designating Death by Lethal
Injection as the Method of Carrying Out Capital Punishment,
Amending for the Purpose Article 81 of the Revised Penal Code,
As Amended by Section 24 of Republic Act No. 7659
19. Republic Act No. 8049 - Anti-Hazing Law
20. Republic Act No. 7890 - An Act Amendig Article 286, Section
Three, Chapter Two, Title Nine of Act No. 3815, As Amended,
Otherwise Known as the Revised Penal Code
21. Republic Act No. 7832 - Anti-Electricity and Electric
Transmission Lines/Materials Pilferage Act of 1994
22. Republic Act No. 7659 - Death Penalty Law
23. Republic Act No. 7438 - An Act Defining Certain Rights of
Person Arrested, Detained or Under Custodial Investigation as
well as the Duties of the Arresting, Detaining and Investigating
Officers, and Providing Penalties for Violations Thereof
24. Republic Act No. 7636 - An Act Repealing Republic Act
Numbered One Thousand Seven Hundred, As Amended,
Otherwise Known as the Anti-Subversion Act.
25. Republic Act No. 7309 - An Act Creating a Board of Claims
Under the Department of Justice for Victims of Unjust
Imprisonment or Detention and Victims of Violent Crimes and for
Other Purposes
26. Republic Act No. 6981 - Witness Protection, Security and
Benefit Act
27. Republic Act No. 6968 - An Act Punishing the Crime of Coup d'
Etat by Amending Articles 134, 135 and 136 of Chapter One, Title
Three of Act Numbered Thirty-Eight Hundred and Fifteen,
Otherwise Known as the Revised Penal Code, and for Other
Purposes.
28. Republic Act No. 6425 - The Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972
29. Republic Act No. 1700 - An Act to Outlaw the Communist
Party of the Philippines and Similar Associations, Penalizing
Membership Therein, and for Other Purposes. (Repealed by
Republic Act No. 7636)
30. Presidential Decree No. 2018 - Further Amending Articles 38
and 39 of the Labor Code by Making Illegal Recruitment a Crime
of Economic Sabotage and Punishable With Life Imprisonment.
31. Presidential Decree No. 1996 - Further Amending Presidential
Decree No. 1834, As Amended.(Repealed by Executive Order No.
187, Series of 1987)
32. Presidential Decree No. 1990 - Amending Presidential Decree
No. 968, Otherwise Known as the Probation Law of 1976.
33. Presidential Decree No. 1975 - Amending Presidential Decree
No. 1835 (Repealed by Executive Order No. 167, Series of 1987
34. Presidential Decree No. 1974 - Amending Presidential Decree
No. 1834 (Repealed by Executive Order No. 187, Series of 1987)
35. Presidential Decree No. 1875 - Repealing Presidential Decree
No. 1737, Otherwise Known as an Act Providing for the
Preservation of Public Order and the Protection of Individual
Rights and Liberties During Periods of Emergency and Exercise of
Extra-Ordinary Executive Powers .
36. Presidential Decree No. 1835 - Anti-Subversion Law of 1981
Codifying the Various Laws on Anti-Subversion and Increasing
the Penalties for Membership in Subversive Organizations.
(Repealed by Executive Order No. 167, Series of 1987)
37. Presidential Decree No. 1834 - Increasing the Penalties for
the Crime of Rebellion, Sedition, and Related Crimes, and
Amending for This Purpose Articles 135, 136, 140, 141, 142, 143,
144, 146 and 147 of th Revised Penal Code and Adding Section
142-B Thereto.(Repealed by Executive Order No. 187, Series of
1987)
38. Presidential Decree No. 1829 - Penalizing Obstruction of
Apprehension and Prosecution of Criminal Offenders.
39. Presidential Decree No. 1745 - Providing for the Disposition of
Cases Involving Simple Illegal Possession of Firearm,
Ammunition, or Explosive, the Surrender of Such Contraband
Under Certain Guarantees and Conditions, and for Other
Purposes.
40. Presidential Decree No. 1744 - Amending Article Three
Hundred and Twenty of the Revised Penal Code Provisions on
Arson.
41. Presidential Decree No. 1743 - Amending Presidential Decree
No. 1110-A Penalizing Any Attempt on, or Conspiracy Against, the
Life of the Chief Executive of the Republic of the Philippines, Any
Member of His Cabinet or Their Families.
42. Presidential Decree No. 1737 - An Act Providing for the
Preservation of Public Order and the Protection of Individual
Rights and Liberties During Periods of Emergency and Exercise of
Extraordinary Executive Powers.
43. Presidential Decree No. 1736 - Amending Presidential Decree
Numbered Eight Hundred Eighty-Five, Otherwise Known as the
Revised Anti-Subversion Law, As Amended.
44. Presidential Decree No. 1735
Imposing Additional Penalties for Rebellion, Insurrection,
Sedition and Subversion Committed Within or Outside Philippine
Territory. Repealed by Executive Order No. 187, Series of 1987)
45. Presidential Decree No. 970 - Amending Articles 138 and 142
of the Revised Penal Code and for Other Purposes. (Repealed by
Executive Order No. 187, Series of 1987)
46. Presidential Decree No. 969 - Amending Certain Provisions of
Presidential Decree No. 960 Which Amended Article 201 of the
Revised Penal Code and for Other Purposes.)
47. Presidential Decree No. 968 - The Probation Law of 1976
Establishing a Probation System, Appropriating Funds Therefor
and for Other Purposes.
48. Presidential Decree No. 942 - Amending the Provisions of the
Revised Penal Code on Crimes Against Public Order. (Repealed
by Executive Order No. 187, Series of 1987)
49. Presidential Decree No. 885 - Revised Anti-Subversion Law
Outlawing Subversive Organizations, Penalizing Membership
Therein and for Other Purposes.
50. Presidential Decree No. 38 - Amending Articles 135, 136, 137,
138, 140, 142, 177, 178 and 179 of the Revised Penal Code.
(Repealed by Executive Order No. 187, Series of 1987))
51. Batas Pambansa Bilang 873 - An Act Amending Article 152 of
the Revised Penal Code by Considering Lawyers as Persons in
Authority When in the Performance of Their Duties or on the
Occasion Thereof.
52. Batas Pambansa Bilang 871 - An Act Amending Articles Two
Hundred Ten and Two Hundred Eleven of Act Numbered Thirty-
Eight and Fifteen, Otherwise Known as the Revised Penal Code,
As Amended, to Increase the Penalty for the Offense of Bribery.
53. Batas Pambansa Bilang 186 - An Act Increasing the Penalty
for White Slave Trade, Amending for the Purpose Article 341 of
the Revised Penal Code.
54. Batas Pambansa Bilang 179 - An Act Further Amending
Certain Sections of Republic Act Numbered Sixty-Four Hundred
and Twenty-Five, Otherwise Known as the Dangerous Drugs Act
of 1972, Appropriating Funds Therefor, and for Other Purposes.
55. Batas Pambansa Bilang 92 - An Act Modifying the Definition of
the Crime of Corruption of Minors and Increasing the Penalty
Therefor, Amending for the Purpose Article Three Hundred Forty
of the Revised Penal Code.
56. Batas Pambansa Bilang 85 - An Act Authorizing the Release
of Any Offender or Accused Who Has Undergone Preventive
Imprisonment Equal to or More Than the Possible Maximum
Imprisonment to Which He May be Sentenced by Amending the
Revised Penal Code.
57. Batas Pambansa Bilang 76 - An Act Amending Presidential
Decree Numbered Nine Hundred Sixty-Eight, as Amended,
Otherwise Known as the Probation Law of Nineteen Hundred and
Seventy-Six, So as to Expand Its Coverage.
58. Batas Pambansa Bilang 71 - An Act Further Amending Article
310 of the Revised Penal Code.
59. Batas Pambansa Bilang 33 - An Act Defining and Penalizing
Certain Prohibited Acts Inimical to the Public Interest and
National Security Involving Petroleum and/or Petroleum Products,
Prescribing Penalties Therefor and for Other Purposes.
60. Batas Pambansa Bilang 31 - An Act Amending Presidential
Decree Numbered Eight Hundred Eighty-Five, Otherwise Known
as the Revised Anti-Subversion Law.
61. Batas Pambansa Bilang 22 - Bouncing Check Law
62. Batas Pambansa Bilang 6 - An Act Reducing the Penalty for
Illegal Possession of Bladed, Pointed or Blunt Weapons, and for
Other Purposes, Amending for the Purpose Presidential Decree
Numbered Nine.
63. Commonwealth Act No. 578 - An Act to Amend Article One
Hundred Fifty-Two of the Revised Penal Code, so as to Include
Teachers, Professors, and Persons Charged With the Supervision
of Public or Duly Recognized Private Schools, Colleges, and
Universities, Within the Term "Persons in Authority" .
64. Act No. 4103 - The Indeterminate Sentence Law An Act to
Provide for an Indeterminate Sentence and Parole for All Persons
Convicted of Certain Crimes by the Courts of the Philippine
Islands; to Create a Board of Indeterminate Sentence and to
Provide Funds Therefor; And for Other Purposes.
08/03/2016 4:07pm
CESARE LOMBROSO - father of modern criminology
Dr. HANS GROSS - father of modern criminalistics
Dr. PAUL KIRK - father of criminalistics in U.S
Dr. JOHN LARSON - father of polygraph
LEONARDO KEELER - father of modern polygraph
ALBERT S. OSBORN - father of questioned document
JOHANNES PURKENJIE - father of dactyloscopy
DR. EDMOND LOCARD - father of poroscopy
METHEU ORFILA - father of toxicology
ALPHONSE BERTILLON - father of personal/ scientific
identification
ALEXANDER MACANOCHIE - father of modern penology
MATTHEW DAVENPORT HILL - father of english probation
JOHN AUGUSTUS - father of probation
EDWARD SAVAGE - 1ST PROBATION OFFICE IN THE WHOLE
WORLD
TEODULO C. NATIVIDAD - father of philippine probation
SIR EDWARD R. HENRY - father of fingerprints
MR. JONES - 1st who taught fingerfrint in the philippine
constabulary
GENEROSO REYES - 1st filipino fingerprint technician employed
by the phil. constabulary
ISABELA BERNALES - 1st filipina fingerprint technician
CAPT. THOMAS DUGAN AND FLAVIANO GUERRERO- gave the 1st
examination in fingerprint
AGUSTIN PATRICIO - TOP the fingerprint examination
PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. VS. MEDINA - 1st conviction base on
fingerprinted leading judicial decision in the phil.