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Chapter - 7 Strings in Python

The document discusses strings in Python. It defines strings as consecutive sequences of characters and notes that individual characters in a string can be accessed using subscripts starting from 0. It provides examples of creating, accessing, slicing, and comparing strings. It also discusses string methods and built-in functions like count(), lower(), upper(), etc. and provides programs to count characters in a string and check if a string is a palindrome.

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Neelima Vijayan
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330 views

Chapter - 7 Strings in Python

The document discusses strings in Python. It defines strings as consecutive sequences of characters and notes that individual characters in a string can be accessed using subscripts starting from 0. It provides examples of creating, accessing, slicing, and comparing strings. It also discusses string methods and built-in functions like count(), lower(), upper(), etc. and provides programs to count characters in a string and check if a string is a palindrome.

Uploaded by

Neelima Vijayan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter - 7

Strings in Python

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
Introduction
In python, consecutive sequence of characters is
known as a string.

An individual character in a string is accessed using a


subscript (index).

The subscript should always be an integer (positive or


negative). A subscript starts from 0.

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
Example

# Declaring a string in python


>>>myfirst=“Save Earth”
>>>print myfirst
Save Earth

#To access the first character of the string


>>>print myfirst[0]
S

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
Example

To access the fourth character of the string


>>>print myfirst[3]
E

To access the last character of the string


>>>print myfirst[-1]
>>h

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
Important points about accessing elements in the strings
using subscripts:

• Subscript 0 or –ve n (where n is length of the string)


displays the first element.
• Subscript 1 or –ve (n-1) displays the second element.
Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)
APS Yol Cantt
a. Creating/Declaring Strings
A literal/constant value to a string can be assigned using a
single quotes, double quotes or triple quotes.

• Enclosing the string in single quotes

Example1
>>>print (‘A friend in need is a friend indeed’)
A friend in need is a friend indeed

Example2
>>>print(‚This book belongs to Raghav\’s sister‛)
This book belongs to Raghav‟s sister
Note: In example 2, to include the single quote within the string it should be
preceded by a backslash.
Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)
APS Yol Cantt
a. Creating/initialsing Strings
• Enclosing the string in double quotes

Example
>>>print(‚A room without books is like a body without a soul.‛)
A room without books is like a body without a soul.

• Enclosing the string in triple quote

Example
>>>life = ‛‛‛\‛ Live as if you were to die tomorrow.
Learn as if you were to live forever.\‛
---- Mahatma Gandhi ‚‛‛

>>>print life
Note: Triple quotes are used when the text is multiline.
Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)
APS Yol Cantt
In the above example, backslash (\) is used as an escape sequence.
An escape sequences is nothing but a special character that has a specific
function. As shown above, backslash (\) is used to escape the double quote.

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
Strings are immutable
Strings are immutable means that the contents of the string
cannot be changed after it is created.

Example
>>>str='honesty'
>>>str[2]='p'
TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment

Python does not allow the programmer to change a


character in a string.

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
b. Traversing a string
Traversing a string means accessing all the elements of the
string one after the other by using the subscript. A string can
be traversed using: for loop or while loop.

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
c. String Operations

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
c. String Operations

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
c. String Operations

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
String Slicing

Example Output

>>>A=‟Save Earth‟ av
>>> print A[1:3]
>>>print A[3:] ‘e Earth’
>>>print A[:3] Sav
>>>print A[:] ‚Save Earth‛
>>>print A[-2:] ‚th‛
>>>print A[:-2] ‚Save Ear‛
>>>print A[::2] 'Sv at'
>>>printA[::3] 'Seah'
Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)
APS Yol Cantt
Example of String Comparison

str1=input("Enter String1")
str2=input("Enter String2")

if (str1 > str2):


print(str1, 'is greater than', str2)
elif (str1 < str2):
print(str1, 'is less than', str2)
elif (str1 == str2):
print(str1, 'is equal to', str2)
Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)
APS Yol Cantt
d. String methods & built in functions

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
d. String methods & built in functions

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
d. String methods & built in functions

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
d. String methods & built in functions

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
Programs using string functions and operators

Program to count no of ‘p’ in the string pineapple.

word = 'pineapple'
count = 0
for letter in word:
if (letter=='p'):
count = count + 1
print(count)

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt
Program to check whether the string is a palindrome
or not.

str1=input("Enter the String")


L=len(str1)
p=L-1
str=' '
while(p>=0):
str=str+str1[p]
p=p-1

if(str1==str):
print("String is a palindrome")
else:
print("String is not a palindrome")

Designed by: Umesh Pun (PGT IP)


APS Yol Cantt

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