Database System Development Life Circle

Module Name: Database Principles
Module Code: ITU 07305
Programme: BA-IT II
Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 1
Database System Development Life
Cycle

Database System Development Life
Cycle
The Database System Development Life Cycle (DBSDLC) is a structured
approach to the design, implementation, and maintenance of a database
system.
It consist of various processes and methodologies that involve in

developing a database system.
The DBSDLC provides a systematic framework for managing the life

cycle of a database system, ensuring that it meets the organization’s
requirements and evolves with changing needs.

Purpose of the Database System Development Life Cycle
The purpose of the Database System Development Life Cycle

(DSDLC) is to provide a structured approach for the
development, implementation, and maintenance of a database
system. It ensures that the database system meets the
requirements of its users. The Database System has to be
reliable, secure, and scalable. DSDLC helps in managing the
complexities involved in database development by breaking
down the process into distinct stages, each with its own set of
activities and deliverables.

THE DBSDLC STAGES OR PROCESS
1st Stage: Planning and Requirements Gathering:
It is the initial stage of DBSDLC which involves consultation with

stakeholders for identifying the needs and requirements of the stakeholders,
defining the scope of the project, and creating a project plan based on
statement of requirements.
Stakeholders play a crucial role in the requirements analysis phase by

providing insights into their needs, expectations, and usage scenarios for the
database system.
Their active involvement ensures that the resulting database system aligns
with organizational goals and user needs.

2nd stage: Data or requirements analysis;
It is the stage where various data and user requirement are analyzed, it
starts by considering the statement of requirements and finishes by
producing a system specification. The system specification is a formal
representation of what a system should do, which is expressed in terms
that are independent of how it may be realized.
3rd stage: Database system design;
It is the stage of DBSDLC which involve creating a blueprint for the

database system based on the requirements gathered. It involves data
modeling, schema design, normalization processes and defining the
structure and relationships within the database.

Database design involve;
 Conceptual Design: it is the stage of design where the conceptual

data model is created, which defines the entities, attributes, and
relationships in the database system.
 Logical Design: The logical design phase involves translating the

conceptual model into a logical model using a data model such as an
entity-relationship diagram (ERD).
 Physical Design: During this stage, the logical model is transformed

into a physical database design, including decisions on storage
structures, indexing, and normalization.

4th stage: Implementation;
 It is the stage which involves implementing a physical database system

designed to the users or stakeholders and taking account of the environment
in which the system will be operating (for example specific hardware or
software available for the developed system).
 Implementation may be staged, usually with an initial system that can be

validated and tested before a final system is released for use.
5th Stage: Testing and Evaluation;
It is the stage which involves comparison of the implemented system against

user requirements and specification to produces an acceptance report when the
database system meets the requirements and is free of errors.

Testing involves several activities such as:
 Unit testing: Testing individual components of the database system,

such as the schema, data types, and relationships.
 Integration testing: Testing the integration of the various components

of the database system.
 System testing: Testing the entire database system, including the

schema, data types, relationships, and the DBMS.
 Acceptance testing: Testing the database system to ensure that it meets

the requirements of the users.

6th stage: Maintenance and support
Maintenance involves ongoing monitoring, updates, and modifications

as needed on the implemented and tested database system to
accommodate changes in business requirements or technology
advancements.
Support involve provision of assistance to users on how to use the

developed system.

Some of Tools or software used for database designing
a) SQL Server Management Studio
b) Microsoft Access.
c) SQL

Revision questions
1. What are the key stages in the database system development life
cycle?
2. Explain the difference between conceptual design and logical design
in DSDLC.
3. Discuss the role of testing in ensuring the quality of a database system.
4. Compare different DBMS software used in database development.
5. Explain the importance of data security in DSDLC.
6. How does data modeling aid in understanding complex databases?
7. Discuss the significance of maintenance in sustaining a well-
functioning database system.
8. What are the key considerations when migrating data between
different systems?

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Module Name: Database Principles

Module Code: ITU 07305

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 2

It consist of various processes and methodologies that involve in

The DBSDLC provides a systematic framework for managing the life

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 3

The purpose of the Database System Development Life Cycle

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 4

It is the initial stage of DBSDLC which involves consultation with

Stakeholders play a crucial role in the requirements analysis phase by

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 5

3rd stage: Database system design;

It is the stage of DBSDLC which involve creating a blueprint for the

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 6

 Conceptual Design: it is the stage of design where the conceptual

 Logical Design: The logical design phase involves translating the

 Physical Design: During this stage, the logical model is transformed

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 7

 It is the stage which involves implementing a physical database system

 Implementation may be staged, usually with an initial system that can be

5th Stage: Testing and Evaluation;

It is the stage which involves comparison of the implemented system against

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 8

 Unit testing: Testing individual components of the database system,

 Integration testing: Testing the integration of the various components

 System testing: Testing the entire database system, including the

 Acceptance testing: Testing the database system to ensure that it meets

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 9

Maintenance involves ongoing monitoring, updates, and modifications

Support involve provision of assistance to users on how to use the

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 10

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 11

Prepared By Mr. Sabona M. 12/4/2023 12

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