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    Week 1 IntroConcepts

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    muhammad
    This document provides an overview and syllabus for the EOSC 110: Solid Earth course taught by instructor David Sasse. The course will cover topics including earth materials, earth processes, plate tectonics, volcanoes, mountains, and natural hazards. Students are expected to complete weekly readings, activities, and assignments. Exams will constitute 65% of the final grade, with in-class activities and assignments making up the remaining 35%. Understanding plate tectonics and earth's layered structure are emphasized as providing the foundation for geology.

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    Week 1 IntroConcepts

    Uploaded by

    muhammad
    30 views48 pages
    This document provides an overview and syllabus for the EOSC 110: Solid Earth course taught by instructor David Sasse. The course will cover topics including earth materials, earth processes, plate tectonics, volcanoes, mountains, and natural hazards. Students are expected to complete weekly readings, activities, and assignments. Exams will constitute 65% of the final grade, with in-class activities and assignments making up the remaining 35%. Understanding plate tectonics and earth's layered structure are emphasized as providing the foundation for geology.

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    Week_1_IntroConcepts

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    This document provides an overview and syllabus for the EOSC 110: Solid Earth course taught by instructor David Sasse. The course will cover topics including earth materials, earth processes, plate tectonics, volcanoes, mountains, and natural hazards. Students are expected to complete weekly readings, activities, and assignments. Exams will constitute 65% of the final grade, with in-class activities and assignments making up the remaining 35%. Understanding plate tectonics and earth's layered structure are emphasized as providing the foundation for geology.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views48 pages

    Week 1 IntroConcepts

    Uploaded by

    muhammad
    This document provides an overview and syllabus for the EOSC 110: Solid Earth course taught by instructor David Sasse. The course will cover topics including earth materials, earth processes, plate tectonics, volcanoes, mountains, and natural hazards. Students are expected to complete weekly readings, activities, and assignments. Exams will constitute 65% of the final grade, with in-class activities and assignments making up the remaining 35%. Understanding plate tectonics and earth's layered structure are emphasized as providing the foundation for geology.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 48

    EOSC 110

    Instructor: David Sasse


    dsasse@eoas.ubc.ca
    Welcome to EOSC 110: Solid
    Earth!
    As you come in…
    1. Come and pick up a physical course syllabus and
    questionnaire

    2. Connect your iClicker account using the iClicker


    Sync link on Canvas

    3. Log on to Canvas and review the syllabus and


    course schedule. (If you haven’t already.)
    What is this course about?
    1) Earth Materials!
    TLDR: Earth/Minerals/Rocks
    What is this course about?
    2) Earth Processes
    TLDR: Plate tectonics, mountains, volcanoes, natural
    hazards
    Key Questions
    1) What is the Earth made of?

    As a group, come up with a list of 4 things in your life


    that come from the Earth – explain how they are
    related to the Earth.
    Key Questions
    2) How was the Surface of the Earth shaped?

    Think about where you live. How was the ground


    your house is on formed (or shaped)? (Explain to
    each other where you live too)!
    Week Dates Topics Assignments Readings

    1 Introduction ACTIVITY 1 1
    Sep 07 Intro/Earth’s Interior & Earth’s 22
    formation
    2 Sep 12 Structure of the Earth 9
    Sep 14 Plate Tectonics I 10
    3 Sep 19 Plate Tectonics II ACTIVITY 2 -
    Sep 21 Minerals My Place 1 2
    4 Sep 26 Magmatism/Volcanos 4
    Sep 28 Magmatism/Volcanos -
    5 Oct 03 Igneous Processes ACTIVITY 3 3
    Oct 05 Weathering 5
    6 Oct 10 Mass Movement My Place 2 15
    Oct 12 NO CLASS
    7 Oct 17 Midterm I
    Oct 19 Sedimentary Processes 6
    8 Oct 24 Geological Time ACTIVITY 4 8
    Oct 26 Metamorphic Processes 7
    9 Oct 31 Structures & Mountain Building I 12
    Nov 02 Structures & Mountain Building II ACTIVITY 5 -
    My Place 3
    10 Nov 07 Seismology and Earthquakes ACTIVITY 6 11
    Nov 09 Midsemester Break
    11 Nov 14 Midterm II
    Nov 16 Mineral Resources 20
    12 Nov 21 Rivers ACTIVITY 7 13
    Nov 23 Glacial Processes 16
    13 Nov 28 Virtual field trip ACTIVITY 8 -
    Nov 30 Natural Hazards My Place 4 -
    14 Dec 05 TBA ACTIVITY 9 -
    Dec 07 Review
    This Class
    • Lecture: Tues / Thurs 2:00 – 3:30

    • Textbook:
    Earle, Steven Physical Geology, BC Campus
    (online: https://opentextbc.ca/physicalgeology2ed/ 2020
    Mark Breakdown…
    In class activities 10%

    Participation (clickers) 5%

    “My Place” Activities 4x2.5% 10%

    Lecture midterm exam 1 20%

    Lecture midterm exam 2 20%

    Lecture final exam (cumulative) 35%


    A note on grades…
    TAs

    Javad Ghanei Jeroen Goumans

    Office hours TBA…


    How to succeed in this class?
    • Come to class!
    • Ask questions
    • Work with your classmates
    • Preview textbook and skim through lecture material
    (lectures typically uploaded by 6 pm the day before
    class)

    • Use me as a resource!
    Office hours / email / appointments
    What is Geology?
    • Geology is the study of Earth (interior and exterior),
    the minerals and rocks around us, and the surface
    processes acting over the vastness of geological
    time.
    Geology as a Science

    Physics Chemistry Biology Geography Math and Computer


    Statistics Science

    Geophysics Paleontology Numerical


    Modelling
    Geochemistry Mapping
    Mapping, Modelling
    etc.

    Geoscience/Geology/Earth Science

    Understanding the Real World


    What does a Geologist do?
    Why Study Geology?
    Source: NASA

    Source: RiffRaffBriz/Twitter

    Taal, Jan 2020


    I want to hear from you!
    1) Why are you taking this course?

    2) What do you hope to get from the course?

    3) How many hours do you expect to put into this


    course each week outside of lecture time?

    4) Do you think this course might be useful in the


    future? If so, how?

    5) If there was a field trip, would you be interested?


    Field Trip?

    Cross section – Stanley Park


    Cross section – Lower Mainland

    Stanley Park UBC Point Grey Bluffs


    Learning Goals
    • Understand and describe some of the basic
    principles of Geology, especially Steno’s laws

    • Given a basic cross section with layers, order


    sequences from oldest to youngest

    • Be able to use proper time notation when


    describing events on a geological time scale
    Catastrophism (17th -19th century)
    • Proposed by Archbishop
    James Ussher in mid
    1600’s
    • Earth’s surface is shaped
    by sudden catastrophic
    events
    • Earth only believed to be
    a few thousand years old
    Principle of Uniformitarianism
    • The same physical processes active in the environment
    today have been operating throughout the geologic
    time.
    • “The present is the key to the past.”
    • Landforms change over the scale of long time periods
    Modern
    Ancient
    Photo by Michael Rygel
    Match!
    1) A

    2) B

    C
    3)
    Principle of Original Horizontality
    • Sediments are deposited
    horizontally according to the
    laws of gravity

    • Any folding occurs


    afterwards due to stresses
    imposed on horizontal
    layers
    Relative Time and Superposition
    • Principle of Superposition: Rock and sediment are
    always arranged with the youngest bed
    “superposed” toward the top of a rock formation
    and the oldest at the base, if they have not been
    disturbed.
    Superposition
    Principle of cross-cutting
    relationships
    • Geologic features such as faults, and magma
    intrusions are younger than rocks they cut through
    Oldest to youngest?
    Steno’s laws summary
    Geological time
    “no vestige of a
    beginning, no prospect
    of an end”

    ~4,500,000,000 years old


    Time Notation
    Processes we will talk about use big numbers, so we
    use abbreviations when we talk geological time

    Ka (kilo anum) = 1,000 years


    Ma (mega anum) = 1,000,000 years
    Ga (Giga anum) = 1,000,000,000 years

    E.g., The last lava flow eruptions from Mt. Baker


    were ~ 12.7 Ka (12,700 years ago)
    Geological Time
    Cosmic Calendar

    Source: National Geographic


    The surface of the Earth
    Plate Tectonics
    • The foundation of Geology…
    Plate Movement Over Time
    • Model of plate motion and reconstruction

    ~ 280 Ma to present
    By Understanding Plate Tectonic
    you will:
    • Understand how the surface of the Earth is shaped
    • Be informed about where and how natural
    disasters act
    • Appreciate different landforms when you travel
    The Earth is Layered
    • The Earth has layers which vary by physical
    properties

    Mantle Convection
    Plate tectonic processes and varying conditions around
    the globe give rise to over 4,000 naturally occurring
    minerals
    Minerals make up rocks

    Rocks like Granite can be


    seen almost everywhere
    you go in BC!

    Including your kitchen and


    bathroom!...

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