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OOP in Python - Inheritance

This document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Python including inheritance, polymorphism, and child and parent classes. It defines a Dog class and several subclasses (JackRussellTerrier, Dachshund, Bulldog) that inherit from Dog. It creates instances of the subclasses and demonstrates that they are instances of both their own class and the parent Dog class. The document also shows how to override and call methods from the parent class. Finally, it provides an example of creating a child window using a Toplevel class in Tkinter.

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Garuma Abdisa
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
35 views

OOP in Python - Inheritance

This document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Python including inheritance, polymorphism, and child and parent classes. It defines a Dog class and several subclasses (JackRussellTerrier, Dachshund, Bulldog) that inherit from Dog. It creates instances of the subclasses and demonstrates that they are instances of both their own class and the parent Dog class. The document also shows how to override and call methods from the parent class. Finally, it provides an example of creating a child window using a Toplevel class in Tkinter.

Uploaded by

Garuma Abdisa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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############## ## Notice that isinstance() takes two

arguments, an object and a class.


class Dog:
print(isinstance(miles, Bulldog)) # False
species = "Canis familiaris"
## More generally, all objects created from a
def __init__(self, name, age): child class are
self.name = name ## instances of the parent class, although they
self.age = age may not be

def __str__(self): ## instances of other child classes.

return f"{self.name} is {self.age} years old" print(buddy.speak("wooo")) # Buddy barks:


wooo
def speak(self, sound):
print(miles.speak()) # Miles says Arf
return f"{self.name} barks: {sound}"
print(miles.speak("Grrr")) # Miles says Grrr
class JackRussellTerrier(Dog):
# changes to the parent class automatically
def speak(self, sound="Arf"): propagate to child

return f"{self.name} says {sound}" #classes as long as the attribute or method


being changed isn’t
class Dachshund(Dog):
#overridden in the child class.
pass
#########################
class Bulldog(Dog):
class Dog:
pass
species = "Canis familiaris"
miles = JackRussellTerrier("Miles", 4)
def __init__(self, name, age):
buddy = Dachshund("Buddy", 9)
self.name = name
jack = Bulldog("Jack", 3)
self.age = age
jim = Bulldog("Jim", 5)
def __str__(self):
print(miles) # Miles is 4 years old
return f"{self.name} is {self.age} years old"
print(miles.species) # Canis familiaris
def speak(self, sound):
print(type(miles)) # <class
'__main__.JackRussellTerrier'> return f"{self.name} barks: {sound}"

print(isinstance(miles, Dog)) # True class JackRussellTerrier(Dog):


def speak(self, sound="Arf"): # changes to the parent class automatically
propagate to child
return super().speak(sound) # parent class
format of speak is used #classes as long as the attribute or method
being changed isn’t
class Dachshund(Dog):
#overridden in the child class.
pass
#########################
class Bulldog(Dog):
class Dog:
pass
species = "Canis familiaris"
miles = JackRussellTerrier("Miles", 4)
def __init__(self, name, age):
buddy = Dachshund("Buddy", 9)
self.name = name
jack = Bulldog("Jack", 3)
self.age = age
jim = Bulldog("Jim", 5)
def __str__(self):
print(miles) # Miles is 4 years old
return f"{self.name} is {self.age} years old"
print(miles.species) # Canis familiaris
def speak(self, sound):
print(type(miles)) # <class
'__main__.JackRussellTerrier'> return f"{self.name} says {sound}"

print(isinstance(miles, Dog)) # True class GoldenRetriever(Dog):

## Notice that isinstance() takes two def speak(self, sound="Bark"):


arguments, an object and a class.
return super().speak(sound)
print(isinstance(miles, Bulldog)) # False
buddy = GoldenRetriever("Buddy", 9)
## More generally, all objects created from a
child class are print(buddy.speak()) #Buddy says Bark

## instances of the parent class, although they ####################


may not be Tkinter child window (using class)
## instances of other child classes. from tkinter import Button, Tk, Toplevel
print(buddy.speak("wooo")) # Buddy barks: class App(Tk):
wooo
def __init__(self):
print(miles.speak()) # Miles says Arf
super().__init__()
print(miles.speak("Grrr")) # Miles says Grrr
self.geometry('300x200')

self.title('Main Window')

# place a button on the root window

Button(self,

text='Open a window',

command=self.open_window).pack(expand=Tr
ue)

def open_window(self):

window = Window(self)

window.grab_set()

class Window(Toplevel):

def __init__(self, parent):

super().__init__(parent)

self.geometry('300x100')

self.title('Toplevel Window')

Button(self,

text='Close',

command=self.destroy).pack(expand=True)

if __name__ == "__main__":

app = App()

app.mainloop()

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