ISSN: 2455-2631 © March 2020 IJSDR | Volume 5, Issue 3

IOT BASED POWER THEFT DETECTION

1
Dr. A. Rajasekaran, 2P. Ajay Sai 3P. Bhanu Teja 4P.G.S. Swetha Priya
1
Assistant Professor, 2,3,4UG Scholar
1,2,3,4
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
1,2,3,4
SCSVMV, Kanchipuram, India

Abstract: Science, and technology with its miraculous advancements fascinated human life to an honest extent that will
imagine a world without these innovations is hardly possible. While technology is on the raising slope, we should always also
note increasing immoral activities. With a technical view, "Power Theft" is also a non-ignorable crime that's highly
prevalent, and at the same time, it directly affects the economy of a nation. Detecting and eradicating such crimes with the
help of the developing scientific field is that the "Need of the Hour". With these views the was paper conceived and designed.
Our paper provides an entire and comprehensive tool to stop power theft which is extremely simple to understand and easy
to implement. It includes some sections -transmitting, receiving, and processing sections. The most objective of this project
is to point power theft to the electricity board. It's carried over through embedded technology. Here a wireless method is
utilized to hunt out electrical theft.

Index Terms: Microcontroller, sensors, GSM modem, LCDINTRODUCTION

Power theft is that the most important problem in recent days which causes a lot of loss to electricity boards. In countries like
India, these situations are more often, if we are ready to prevent these thefts we will save a lot of power. The electrical power theft
detection system is used to detect unauthorized tapping on distribution lines. Implementation of a neighbourhood of this system
might be a distribution network of the electrical power supply system. The existing system isn't ready to identify the precise location
of tapping. This proposed system finds which electrical line there is a tapping. This is often a real-time system.

The power grid has become a necessity within modern society. Without a stable and reliable power system, tens of many people's
lifestyles are going to be degraded dramatically. for example, the India blackout in July 2012 affected quite 60 million people (about
9% of the planet population) and plunged 20 of Indian 28 states into darkness. Indeed, the normal power grid, which is surprisingly
still grounded on the planning more than 100 years ago, cannot be suitable for today's society. With the event of a data system and
communication technology, many countries have been modernizing the aging power grid into a smart grid, which is featured with
the two-way transmission, high reliability, real-time. Demand response, self-healing, and security. ―A smart grid is an electrical
grid that includes a variety of operational and energy measures including smart meters, smart appliances, renewable energy
resources, and energy efficiency resources.\

Figure 1: statistics of electricity theft in India

The problem challenging power utilities worldwide is that the electricity, in other words using electricity from utility company
without the company's consent. Significantly, it's enough to destroy the whole power sector of the country. Consistent with source
20% losses means the masses would have to be compelled to pay an extra 20% in terms of electricity tariffs. This paper discusses
the matter of electricity theft and the proposed system to calculate and judge the seal braking and also whether electricity stealing
has happened or not.

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REVIEW STAGE
The existing system for detecting power theft isn't an efficient one. The facility theft happening is detected while taking the
energy meter readings by calculating the difference between the facility received within the transformer which received within the
destination. No measure is taken to forestall it.
Final Stage
The proposed system involves detecting power theft and also takes necessary actions on the spot. Using IOT application we can
detect the power theft and send the status of the transmission lines, capture the photos of the facility theft and also track location.

II. PROPOSED SYSTEM

In this project, we'll use an IOT (internet of things) technology also as a GSM modem. The project describes the automated
POWER THEFT detection system. Here we used an IR sensor, it's been placed near the electricity measuring device, and it will
sense the people or any object kept near the electrical poles for power theft. And therefore the current sensor generates the pulses,
and microcontroller read that pulses and count it and watches a message from GSM module. If any message received from GSM,
microcontroller processes the data consistent with the program, the road is meant to require specific load, if just in case more
load is drawn. It'll send a theft message to the concerned vigilance department. The message sent once received by the top it'll
convert the smartphone using ARM 11 processor from silent mode to general mode and provides announcement in an exceedingly
very high voice. Once he gets the intimation about the theft he can take global photos by sending a photo message to the arm 11
device to the vigilance team mail id. He can register an online complaint to the police, through the device. Using solid-state relay
other sensors are wont to protect transformers by sending appropriate messages. Generally, all transformers are oil types in nature.

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III. COMPONENTS REQUIRED CURRENT SENSOR

A current sensor may be a device that detects current (AC or DC) in a wire and generates the pulses with a fixed interval of your
time.

LCD DISPLAY-16X2
We are using 16x2 LCD (liquid crystal display) display; it will display the status of the system. It has 16 columns and 2 rows. It
displays 16 letters in one row.

Figure 3: LCD display-16x2

SCR RELAY CIRCUITS

It acts as an automatic switch. We can use a solid-state relay to trip on and to trip off the electricity.

GSM MODEM
GSM circuit receives the message and provides it to the microcontroller, then microcontroller sends the correct message or suitable
message to HESCOM using the GSM module.

Figure 4: GSM modem

IR SENSOR
It will sense if any abstract experience that sensor path and it'll operate in very low voltage, means power consumption is incredibly
low.

Figure 5: IR sensor

OIL FLOAT SENSOR

An oil float sensor is a device used to detect the level of liquid within a transformer.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR
It is a device used to check the temperature level in the transformer.

Figure 6: Temperature sensor

ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC)

Since the temperature sensor gives an analog input and microcontroller accepts only digital, we use an analog to digital converter
to convert the analog input to digital input so that the microcontroller accepts the input.

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MICRO-CONTROLLER
The microcontroller is that the brain of the project, it'll run consistent with the program has got to be written, here we've used as an
SST 89C51 microcontroller.

FEATURES
8-bit 8051-Compatible Microcontroller (MCU)with Embedded Super Flash Memory.
It operates at 0 to 40 MHz and it requires a power supply of 5V.
1 Kbyte Internal RAM.
Programmable Watchdog Timer (WDT).
TTL- and CMOS-Compatible Logic Levels.
Temperature Ranges for two cases: Commercial (0°C to +70°C) and Industrial (-40°C to +85°C).

FUTURE SCOPE

As mentioned above, we all know that electricity is low and at such time we can't afford power being theft. If this technique
is implemented then the sole the quantity of power required is going to be consumed and there'll be no wastage of power.
Moreover even the money spent is often saved. Hence it'll how of helping within the economic process of the country.
In the present system, IOT energy meter consumption is controlled by Wi-Fi and it helps consumers to avoid wastage use
of electricity. The performance of the system can be managed by connecting all household electrical appliances to IOT to
consume power.
So, in future following measures can be achieved to save power and avoid thefts.
We can make an IOT system where an owner can monitor energy consumption and can pay the bill online.
We can make a system where an owner can receive SMS when he/she crosses the threshold of electricity usage slab.
We can make a system that can send SMS to the preferred meter reading man of that area when theft detected at the
consumer end.

CONCLUSION
In the era of smart city advancement, this project is targeting the connectivity & networking factor of the IOT. during this project,
we are detecting the facility theft, identifying the fault and also tracking the location of the fault area to require necessary measures.
The proposed system provides the answer for a few of the most problems faced by the prevailing Indian grid system, like wastage
of energy, power theft, and cable fault.

SOFTWARE USED
• Embedded c.
• Keil-c compiler.
• Flash magic burner software.

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IV. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

The Operating voltage of embedded circuitry is 5vdc.

The Current consumption of the device in active mode is 200 mill amp.
The Operating frequency of the device is 11.0592MHZ.

REFERENCES

[1] Landi, C.; Dipt. Di Ing. Dell'' Inf., Seconda Univ. di Napoli, Aversa, Italy; Merola, P.; Ianniello, G, "ARM-based energy
management system using smart meter and Web server", IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference
Binjiang, pp. 1 – 5, May 2011.

[2] Garab, A.; Bouallegue, A.; Ben Abdallah, “A new AMR approach for energy saving in Smart Grids using Smart Meter and
partial Power Line Communication”, IEEE First International Conference on Renewable Energies and Vehicular
Technology (REVET), pp. 263 – 269, March 2012.

[3] Andrea Zanella, Senior Member, IEEE, Nicola Bui, Angelo Castellani, Lorenzo Vangelista, Senior Member, IEEE, and
Michele Zorzi, Fellow, IEEE, “Internet of Things for Smart Cities”, IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 22-32,
February 2014.

[4] IOT Based Electricity Energy Meter Reading, Theft Detection and Disconnection using PLC modem and Power optimization
Darshan Iyer N, Dr. K A Radhakrishna Rao [July 2015]

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