Non Governmental Organization

USMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY SOKOTO
FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
COURSE CODE: PUB 413

COURSE TITLE: NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
LECTURER: DR FODIO
ASSIGNMENT:
THE ROLES AND RELEVANCE OF NGO’s IN NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT.
2022-2023
GROUP 2 MEMBERS
NAME ADMISSION NO.
1. MARYAM SANI 1810904077
2. MUHAMMAD YUSUF DANTUMBISHI 1810904031
3. ABDULLAHI ABUBAKAR MAGAJI 1810904002
4. HALIDU HUSSAINI ZAKARI 1610904089
5. YUSUF SHERIFIDEEN ADEMOLA 1810904006
6. MUSA RIDWAN OLAMILEKAN 1810904040
7. IBRAHIM USMAN DASUKI 1710904135
8. HASSAN YAKUBU BIMA 1810904094
9. ABDULLAHI ABDULRAHMAN 1810904042
10. YASIR HUSSAINI 1810904093
11. MARKUS GLORIA KUZANKA 1810904116
12. MAJI HASSANA 1810904150
13. MARY KASHAM CHINDO 1810904089
14. IBRAHIM ABDULWAHEED LANGO 1810904009
15. UTHMAN RAHMAT TEMITOPE 1710904015

ABSTRACT:
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have emerged as critical actors in

national development, contributing significantly to the socio-economic and
political landscape of nations. They play diverse roles, including but not limited to,
poverty alleviation, education, healthcare, and environmental conservation. Their
relevance is underscored by their ability to reach marginalized communities,
influence policy, and contribute to sustainable development. This work aims to
explore these roles and their relevance in the context of national development.
INTRODUCTION
NGOs, or Non-Governmental Organizations, play a significant role in national

development. While governments are primarily responsible for the development
and welfare of their countries, NGOs act as an important supplement and catalyst
in addressing various social, economic, and environmental issues. In this essay, we
will explore and discuss the roles and relevance of NGOs in national development,
focusing on their interventions, partnership with governments, and impact.
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have emerged as significant players in

the sphere of national development. They operate across various sectors, including
education, healthcare, environmental conservation, and poverty alleviation, and are
often at the forefront of promoting sustainable development practices. Their ability
to reach marginalized communities, influence policy, and mobilize resources has
underscored their relevance in the context of national development. This paper
aims to delve into the multifaceted roles that NGOs play in national development
and explore their relevance in shaping a nation’s socio-economic and political
landscape. It will provide a comprehensive understanding of how NGOs contribute
to national development and the challenges they face in their endeavors. The
discussion will further illuminate the critical role of NGOs in fostering sustainable
development and social change.
CONCEPTUAL DEFINITION OF TERM

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs): NGOs are independent, non-profit
organizations that operate on local, national, or international levels. They are
typically set up by ordinary citizens and can be funded by governments,
foundations, businesses, or private persons. NGOs are involved in a wide range of
activities, including humanitarian aid, environmental protection, human rights
advocacy, and development work.
National Development: National development refers to the process of improving

the economic, political, and social well-being of a nation. It involves the
improvement of the living standard of the people by providing basic amenities like
quality education, potable water, food security, health care, etc. The ultimate aim is
to create an enabling environment where citizens can achieve their potential and
lead productive, creative lives in accord with their needs and interests.
History and Evolution of NGOs: NGOs have existed in various forms for centuries,
but they rose to high prominence in international development and increased their
numbers dramatically in the 1980s and 1990s. It is difficult to know precisely how
many NGOs there are, because few comprehensive or reliable statistics are kept.
Some estimates put the figure at a million organizations, if both formal and
informal organizations are included, while the number of registered NGOs
receiving international aid is probably closer to “a few hundred thousand
ROLES AND RELEVANCE OF NGO'S IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Firstly, NGOs have a multifaceted role in national development. Firstly, they

provide essential services to marginalized communities that are often neglected or
underserved by governments. NGOs engage in activities such as education,
healthcare, poverty alleviation, and disaster relief. These services contribute to
improving the overall well-being of individuals and communities, thus promoting
social development.
Secondly, NGOs play a vital role in advocating for human rights, promoting
democracy, and fostering good governance. They hold governments accountable
for their actions, monitor policy implementation, and provide independent
assessments and feedback. NGOs act as a voice for marginalized groups, ensuring
that their rights are protected and their voices are heard in decision-making
processes.
Thirdly, NGOs contribute to sustainable development by promoting environmental
conservation and responsible resource management. They raise awareness about
climate change, pollution, and deforestation, engaging in activities such as
reforestation, conservation projects, and promoting renewable energy sources.
NGOs also collaborate with governments and international organizations to
advocate for and implement sustainable development initiatives.
Fourthly, NGOs play a crucial role in capacity building. They provide training and
resources to individuals and communities, helping them develop the skills and
knowledge necessary to improve their lives and contribute to their societies. This
can range from vocational training and literacy programs to workshops on
leadership and community organizing.
Fifthly, NGOs often act as innovators. They pilot new approaches to social,
economic, and environmental challenges, and if successful, these strategies can be
scaled up by governments and other larger institutions. This role is particularly
important in areas where traditional methods and solutions have failed or are not
applicable.
Sixthly, NGOs contribute to international cooperation and solidarity. Many NGOs

operate across borders, working in partnership with similar organizations in other
countries. These transnational networks of NGOs can mobilize resources, share
knowledge and best practices, and coordinate their efforts to tackle global issues
such as poverty, disease, and climate change. This global reach of NGOs can help
foster a sense of shared responsibility and mutual assistance among nations.
Seventhly, NGOs play a significant role in conflict resolution and peacebuilding.

They often work in conflict zones, providing humanitarian aid, facilitating
dialogue between conflicting parties, and supporting efforts to rebuild post-conflict
societies. NGOs’ neutrality allows them to serve as trusted mediators and their
grassroots connections enable them to understand and address the root causes of
conflicts.
Eighthly, NGOs are instrumental in promoting gender equality. They work to

empower women and girls through education, skills training, health care, and
income-generating activities. NGOs also advocate for policies and laws that protect
women’s rights and promote gender equality.
Ninthly, NGOs play a role in promoting cultural diversity and intercultural

dialogue. They organize cultural exchange programs, festivals, and events that
celebrate cultural diversity and foster mutual understanding and respect among
different cultural groups.
The relevance of NGOs in national development lies in their ability to complement

government efforts. Governments, by nature, have limited resources and
bureaucratic processes that often hinder the efficiency of development programs.
NGOs, on the other hand, are agile, flexible, and responsive to community needs.
They can quickly identify gaps in service delivery and design innovative
approaches to address them. NGOs bring diverse expertise, creativity, and
problem-solving skills to the table, making them valuable partners in achieving
development objectives.
NGOs also have the advantage of acting as intermediaries between governments,

communities, and international organizations. They bridge gaps in communication,
facilitate knowledge sharing, and promote collaboration. NGOs often have a better
understanding of local contexts and grassroots dynamics, making them effective in
building inclusive and sustainable development strategies.
CONCLUSION:
NGOs play integral roles in national development. Their contributions extend

beyond providing essential services; they advocate for human rights, promote good
governance, and work towards sustainable development. NGOs have a unique
ability to complement government efforts, bring diverse perspectives, and bridge
gaps in communication and collaboration. Their relevance in national development
stems from their versatility, responsiveness, and focus on promoting social justice
and equality. Governments should recognize and support the work of NGOs
through partnerships, funding, and policy frameworks that enable their sustainable
growth and impact.
REFERENCES:
Bebbington, A., Hickey, S., & Mitlin, D. (Eds.). (2008). Can NGOs make a
difference? : The challenge of development alternatives. Zed Books.
Chaturvedi, S., Janus, H., Klingebiel, S., Xiaoyun, L., de Mello e Souza, A.,
Sidiropoulos, E., & Wehrmann, D. (Eds.). (2001). The Palgrave Handbook of
Development Cooperation for Achieving the 2030 Agenda. Palgrave Macmillan.
Edward, M., & Flower, A. (Eds.). (2002). Introduction: Changing challenges for
NGDOs management. In The Earthscan Readers on NGOs Management. London.
Salamon, L. M., & Anheier, H. K. (1996). The emerging sector: An overview. The
Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project.
Singh, K. R. (2003). Role of NGOs in Developing Countries. Deep and Deep

publishers.
Teegen, H., Doh, J., & Vachani, S. (2004). The importance of nongovernmental
organizations (NGOs) in global governance and value creation: An international
business research agenda. Journal of International Business Studies, 35, 463-483.
World Bank. (2021). Non-governmental organizations. Retrieved from

https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/ngos.

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USMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY SOKOTO

FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

COURSE CODE: PUB 413

NAME ADMISSION NO.

1. MARYAM SANI 1810904077

2. MUHAMMAD YUSUF DANTUMBISHI 1810904031

3. ABDULLAHI ABUBAKAR MAGAJI 1810904002

4. HALIDU HUSSAINI ZAKARI 1610904089

5. YUSUF SHERIFIDEEN ADEMOLA 1810904006

6. MUSA RIDWAN OLAMILEKAN 1810904040

7. IBRAHIM USMAN DASUKI 1710904135

8. HASSAN YAKUBU BIMA 1810904094

9. ABDULLAHI ABDULRAHMAN 1810904042

10. YASIR HUSSAINI 1810904093

11. MARKUS GLORIA KUZANKA 1810904116

12. MAJI HASSANA 1810904150

13. MARY KASHAM CHINDO 1810904089

14. IBRAHIM ABDULWAHEED LANGO 1810904009

15. UTHMAN RAHMAT TEMITOPE 1710904015

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have emerged as critical actors in

NGOs, or Non-Governmental Organizations, play a significant role in national

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have emerged as significant players in

CONCEPTUAL DEFINITION OF TERM

National Development: National development refers to the process of improving

ROLES AND RELEVANCE OF NGO'S IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Firstly, NGOs have a multifaceted role in national development. Firstly, they

Sixthly, NGOs contribute to international cooperation and solidarity. Many NGOs

Seventhly, NGOs play a significant role in conflict resolution and peacebuilding.

Eighthly, NGOs are instrumental in promoting gender equality. They work to

Ninthly, NGOs play a role in promoting cultural diversity and intercultural

The relevance of NGOs in national development lies in their ability to complement

NGOs also have the advantage of acting as intermediaries between governments,

NGOs play integral roles in national development. Their contributions extend

Singh, K. R. (2003). Role of NGOs in Developing Countries. Deep and Deep

World Bank. (2021). Non-governmental organizations. Retrieved from

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