UNIT-IV

SECTION OF SOLIDS & DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES

Sections of Solids: Perpendicular and inclined section planes, Sectional views and True
shape of section, Sections of solids in simple position only.

Sectional plane parallel to HP and perpendicular to VP

1. A pentagonal pyramid, base 30 mm side and axis 65 mm long has its base horizontal and
an edge of the base parallel to the V.P. A horizontal section plane cuts it at a distance of
25 mm above the base. Draw its· front view and sectional top view. Understand 7M
2. A square pyramid, base 40 mm side and axis 65 mm long, has its base on the H.P. and all
the edges of the base equally inclined to the V.P. It is cut by a section plane,
perpendicular to the V.P., inclined at 45° to the H.P. and bisecting the axis. Draw its
sectional top view, sectional side view and true shape of the section. Understand 7M
3. A hexagonal pyramid, base 30 mm side and axis 65 mm long, is resting on its base on the
H.P. with two edges parallel to the V.P. It is cut by a section plane, perpendicular to the
V.P. inclined at 45° to the H.P. and intersecting the axis at a point 25 mm above the base.
Draw the front view, sectional top view, true shape of the section. Understand 7M
4. A cylinder of 40 mm diameter, 60 mm height and having its axis vertical, is cut by a
section plane, perpendicular to the V.P., inclined at 45° to the H.P. and intersecting the
axis 32 mm above the base. Draw its front view, sectional top view, true shape of the
section. Understand 7M
5. A cone, diameter of base 50 mm and axis 50 mm long is resting on its base on the H.P. It
is cut by a section plane perpendicular to the V.P., inclined at 75° to the H.P. and passing
through the apex. Draw its front view, sectional top view and true shape of the section.
Understand 7M
Sectional plane parallel to VP and perpendicular to HP
6. A pentagonal pyramid of side of base 35mm and axis 60 mm long, stands with its base on
HP such that, one of the base edges is perpendicular to the VP. A section plane parallel to
VP, cuts the solid at a distance of 15mm from the corner of the base which is nearer to
the observer. Draw the top and sectional front views of the cut solid.
Understand 7M
 7. A cube of 35 mm long edges is resting on the H.P. on one of its faces with a vertical face
inclined at 30° to the V.P. It is cut by a section plane parallel to the V.P. and 9 mm away
from the axis and further away from the V.P. Draw its sectional front view and the top
view. Understand 7M
Sectional plane inclined to HP and perpendicular to VP
8. A cube of 35 mm long edges is resting on the H.P. on one of its faces with a vertical face
inclined at 30° to the V.P. It is cut by a section plane, perpendicular to the V.P., inclined
at 45° to the H.P. and passing through the top end of the axis. (i) Draw its front view,
sectional top view and true shape of the section. (ii) Project another top view on an
auxiliary plane, parallel to the section plane. Analyze 14M
9. A square prism, base 40 mm side, axis 80 mm long, has its base on the H.P. and its faces
equally inclined to the V.P. It is cut by a plane, perpendicular to the V.P., inclined at 60°
to the H.P. and passing through a point on the axis, 55 mm above the H.P. Draw its front
view, sectional top view. Analyze 14M
10. A square prism, base 40 mm side, axis 80 mm long, has its base on the HP and its face
equally inclined to the VP. It is cut by a plane, perpendicular to the VP., Inclined to the
HP and passing through a point on the axis,55mm above the HP. Draw its front view,
sectional top view on an A.I.P. parallel to the sectional plane. Analyze 14M
11. A cone, base 75 mm diameter and axis 80 mm long is resting on its base on the H.P. It is
cut by a section plane perpendicular to the VP, inclined at 45° to the H.P. and cutting the
axis at a point 35 mm from the apex. Draw its front view, sectional top view, true shape
of the section. Analyze 14M
12. A tetrahedron of 65 mm long edges is lying on the HP. on one of it is cut by a sectional
plane which is perpendicular to the VP. So that the true shape of the section is an
isosceles triangle of the base 50mm long and altitude 40 mm. find the inclination of the
sectional plane with the HP and draw the front view, sectional top view and true shape of
the section. Analyze 14M
Sectional plane inclined to VP and perpendicular to HP
13. A pentagonal pyramid has its base on HP and edge of the base nearer the VP, parallel to
it. A vertical sectional plane, inclined at 45 0 to the VP, cuts the pyramid at a distance of
 6mm from the axis. draw the top view, sectional front view. Base of the pyramid is 30
mm side, axis 50 mm long. Analyze 14M

Development of Surfaces: Methods of Development: Parallel line development and

radial line development. Development of a cube, prism, cylinder, pyramid and cone.

Sectional plane inclined to HP and perpendicular to VP

14. Draw the development of the lower portion of a cylinder, diameter of 50 mm and axis 75
mm, when it is cut by a plane perpendicular to the VP, inclined at 45 0 to the HP and
passing through the mid-point of the axis. (R16) Analyze 14M
15. A rectangular pyramid, side of base 30 mm × 40 mm and axis 50 mm long, stands with
its base on the HP and a diagonal of its base parallel to the VP. It is cut by a section plane
perpendicular to the VP, inclined at 45 0 to the HP and intersecting the axis at a point 20
mm distant from the vertex. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the truncated
pyramid. (R16) Analyze 14M
16. A square pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on its base on the HP
with two sides of the base parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane bisecting the axis and
inclined at 300 to the base. Draw the front view, sectional top view and true shape of the
section. Also draw the development of the lower part of the pyramid. (R16) Analyze
14M
Sectional plane inclined to VP and perpendicular to HP
17. A hexagonal pyramid of 25 mm edge of base and axis 50 mm long is resting on its
triangular face in the HP with its axis parallel to the VP. It is cut by a section plane
perpendicular to the HP and inclined at 30 0 to VP, and passing through a point on the axis
20 mm from the base. Draw the top view, sectional front view and true shape of the
section when the apex is removed. (R16) Analyze 14M
Parallel line development
18. Draw the development of the surface of the part P of the cube, the front view of which
shown in below figure. Analyze 14M
 19. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the part P of the hexagonal prism shown
in below figure. Analyze 14M

20. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the part P of the cylinder shown in below
figure. Analyze 14M

Radial line development

21. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the frustum of the square pyramid shown
in below figure. Analyze 14M
22. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the pentagonal pyramid, the lower part of
which is removed as shown in below figure. Analyze 14M

23. Draw the development of the truncated cone shown in below figure. Analyze 14M