Report Date: 14 Jun 2023

150-C2-3300
Conduct the Targeting Process
Status: Approved

____________________________

Security Classification: U - Unclassified

Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Destruction Notice: None

Foreign Disclosure: FD1 - This training product has been reviewed by the training developers in coordination with the Ft. Leavenworth, KS, foreign disclosure officer. This training product can

be used to instruct international military students from all approved countries without restrictions.

Page 1
Conditions: The staff officer receives an order from higher headquarters or the commander derives a mission that requires the commander to
conduct the targeting process. The commander issues guidance on conducting the targeting process in a dynamic operational environment. Hybrid
threat(s) contest the unit's objectives in all five domains (land, maritime, air, space, and cyberspace), all three dimensions (human, physical, and
information), and the electromagnetic spectrum. Additionally, the commander maintains the ability to sustain all nine forms of contact (direct; indirect;
non-hostile; obstacle; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); aerial; visual; electromagnetic; and influence) with the unit. All eight
operational variables of PMESII-PT are present and dynamic for brigade and above; four or more variables are present for battalion and below. The
order from higher headquarters includes all applicable overlays and or graphics, area of operations (AO) boundaries, control measures, and criteria for
subsequent tactical actions. The command has communications with subordinate units, adjacent units, and higher headquarters. The commander has
organized the four components of the command and control system to support decision making, facilitate communication, and conduct operations.

Note: Conduct the task using Secret//Releasable (S//REL) classified mission partner network (MPN) to enable command and control, decision making,
and shared understanding with mission partners (collaboration and the display and sharing of relevant information), which realistically portrays a mission
partner environment (MPE). The Army will likely conduct operations on an MPN, within an MPE in a combined theater. Produce orders and other staff
products on the MPN using secret internet protocol router (SIPR) NOFORN (not releasable to foreign nationals) by exception only.

Environment: Some iterations of this task should be performed with degraded command and control networks, degraded conditions in the
electromagnetic spectrum, and/or with degraded, denied, and disrupted space operations environment (D3SOE). This task should not be trained in
MOPP 4.

Standards: The staff officer conducts the targeting process to methodically analyze, prioritize, and assign assets against targets
systematically to create those effects that will contribute to achieving the commanders objectives. Conducting the targeting process is conducted in
accordance with (IAW) ATP 3-60, established timelines, the commander's intent, orders from higher headquarters, the Army Ethic, and standard
operating procedure (SOP), while adhering to the GO / NO-GO criteria without error.

Special Conditions: None

Safety Risk: Low

MOPP 4: Never

Task Statements

Cue: The staff officer receives an order from higher headquarters or the commander derives a mission to conduct the targeting process.

DANGER
Leaders have an inherent responsibility to conduct risk management to ensure the safety of all Soldiers and
promote mission accomplishment.

WARNING
Risk Management is the Army’s primary decision making-process to identify hazards, reduce risk, and prevent
both accidental and tactical loss. All Soldiers have the responsibility to learn and understand the risks
associated with this task.

CAUTION
Identifying hazards and controlling risks across the full spectrum of Army functions, operations, and activities
is the responsibility of all Soldiers.

Page 2
Remarks: For questions, concerns, or comments, please contact: usarmy.leavenworth.tradoc.list.mission-command-coe-dot-ted@army.mil

Notes: The term "staff officer" refers to the unit chief of staff (COS), executive officer (XO), deputy commanding officer (DCO), and/or another
designated officer as directed by the commander.

Page 3
 Performance Steps
1. The staff officer receives guidance from the commander on conducting the targeting process to include the use of lethal and nonlethal capabilities to
produce desired effects by fires, and any restrictions on fires.

2. The staff officer leads the staff during support to targeting.

a. Ensures targeting products meet the commander’s targeting guidance and intent.

b. Integrates targeting into the battle rhythm and the higher headquarters’ targeting cycle.

c. Participates as a member of the targeting working group, as required.

d. Employs the four functions of the targeting process.

•Decide.
•Detect.
•Deliver.
•Assess.

e. Develops advantages that enable freedom of maneuver and exploit the positional advantages created by maneuver.

3. The staff officer directs the fires warfighting function (WFF) lead to establish the targeting working group (WG).

a. The staff officer directs the fires warfighting function lead to:

(1) Lead the targeting WG.

(2) Provide targeting recommendations for potential courses of action (COA).

(3) Integrate Army, joint, and multinational fires with input from the commander, deputy commander, and chief of staff (COS).

b. The staff officer directs the primary staff members (per unit SOP) to participate in the targeting WG and provides the following inputs and
products.

(1) S/G-3.

(a) Integrates targeting products into the decision support template.

(b) Ensures the synchronization of targeting products with intelligence and operations officers.

(c) Determines the air support request (ASR) review procedures, prioritization, and approval authorities.

(d) Submits ASRs for inclusion in the joint air tasking order per theater SOP.

(e) Submits airspace coordinating measure (ACM) requests for inclusion in the joint airspace coordination order per theater SOP.

(f) Integrates targeting requirements into the information collection plan and associated taskings.

(2) Space officer.

(a) Advises the commander on the space architectures, capabilities, limitations, and use of theater of operations, strategic, national, and
commercial space assets.

(b) Calculates, analyzes, and disseminates the global positioning system satellite coverage and accuracy data.

(c) Facilitates the dynamic retasking of space-based assets to support current and future operations.

(d) Assists in acquiring Department of Defense (DOD) and commercial satellite terrain and weather imagery (classified and unclassified) to
enhance mapping, mission analysis, and other actions requiring near real-time imagery from denied areas.

(e) Advises the G-2 and the information officer (IO) on capabilities and vulnerabilities of threat and commercial space systems.

Page 4
 (f) Provides estimates on the effects of space weather activities on current and future operations as well as the effects of terrestrial weather
on space-based capabilities.

(g) Nominates space-related threats for targeting.

(h) Informs the staff how prioritization of space capabilities and effects may support or impact the selected COA.

(i) Synchronizes space operations with lethal and nonlethal actions to support the concept of operations.

(3) S/G-2.

(a) Provides intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB) products to the WG members.

(b) Develops high-value targets (HVTs).

(c) Develops high-payoff target (HPT) target folders.

(d) Supports targeting products with support of the WG.

_1_ High-payoff target list (HPTL) (with the targeting officer).

_2_ Attack guidance matrix (AGM) (with the chief of fires).

_3_ Battle damage assessment (BDA) requirements.

(e) Incorporates targeting information requirements into the information collection plan.

(f) Distributes the information collection plan to collection managers (own and subordinate units’).

(g) Provides input to the target selection standards.

(4) Fires WFF (DFSCOORD) lead.

(a) Provides oversite to the air defense air-space management (ADAM)/ brigade aviation element (BAE) (brigades), joint air-ground
integration center (JAGIC) (division), or air support operations center (ASOC) (corps).

(b) Recommends target priorities for acquisition and engagement.

(c) Recommends method of engagement.

(d) Develops the AGM (with the S/G-2).

(e) Reviews targeting products prior to the commander’s approval.

(f) Develops the timeliness and accuracy guidelines for target selection standards with the plans and operations officer.

(g) Coordinates support for fires unit engagement requirements.

(h) Coordinates the suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD).

(i) Validates the target nominations for the land component target nomination list (TNL) to the joint integrated prioritized target list (JIPTL).

(5) Field artillery intelligence officer (FAIO) if assigned.

(a) Integrates into the intelligence cell.

(b) Informs the fires WFF lead of changes to the enemy situation.

(c) Provides targeting requirements to the intelligence section.

Page 5
 (6) Targeting officer.

(a) Coordinates with the fires cell of higher, lower, and adjacent units.

(b) Develops the HPTL with assistance from the working group.

(c) Develops a process for quickly transferring targets from the FAIO to engagement systems.

(d) Synchronizes the targeting process.

(7) Cyber electromagnetic warfare officer (CEWO).

(a) Integrates electronic attack (EA) into targeting and suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD), in accordance with the commander’s
guidance.

(b) Determines the electromagnetic asset requirements against specific HPTs.

(c) Coordinates EW with higher headquarters, joint force air component command (JFACC), multinational forces, and other components.

(d) Develops the EW target list.

(e) Prepares EA requests for the S/G-3 to submit.

(f) Informs the working group of the electronic attack tasking and requests received.

(8) Engineer officer.

(a) Informs the working group on the obstacle and barrier plan.

(b) Coordinates scatterable mine plans with the WG.

(c) Informs the working group on environmental considerations.

(d) Recommends targets in support of the obstacle and barrier plan.

(9) Psychological operations officer.

(a) Identifies potential HPTs to influence.

(b) Coordinates military information support operations (MISO) with the working group.

(10) Civil affairs operations officer.

(a) Informs the working group on the potential effects of friendly operations on the civilian population.

(b) Provides input to targeting products.

_1_ Joint target list.

_2_ Restricted target list (RTL).

_3_ No strike list (NSL).

(11) Staff judge advocate (SJA).

(a) Provides analysis on the rules of engagement (ROE) to the working group.

(b) Reviews targeting products for compliance with the rules of engagement (ROE) and applicable laws.

(12) Air liaison officer (ALO).

Page 6
 (a) Advises the WG on the use of airpower (platforms, weapons, etc).

(b) Advises the WG on the preparation of ASR, ACM, FSCM, EA, and airlift requests.

(c) Informs the WG on the status of ASR, ACM, etc.

4. The staff officer directs the targeting working group to conduct the "decide" function of targeting.

a. The staff officer disseminates the commander’s targeting guidance on the use of lethal and nonlethal capabilities to produce desired effects by
fires as well as any restrictions.

b. Reviews products of IPB.

(1) Identifies targets that will prevent the enemy commander from achieving their intent.

(2) Develops initial HVTs.

c. Identifies targeting priorities.

d. Plans joint air and ground fires with the ADAM/BAE (brigades), JAGIC (division), or ASOC (corps).
• Air interdiction (AI).
• Close air support (CAS).
• Surface-to-surface fires.

e. Develops targeting products in support of COA development and wargame.

•HPTL.
•Target selection standards.
•AGM.
•RTL.
•NSL.
•Target nominations.
•ASR.
•ACM.
•EA requests.
•Target nominations to the information operations (IO) WG.
•Draft operation order (OPORD) or fragmentary order (FRAGORD) input to implement targeting decisions (as required).

f. Conducts risk management by identifying potential for fratricide and implementing fire support and airspace control measures as required.

g. Develops assessment criteria.

(1) Identifies those targets requiring battle damage assessment (BDA).

(2) Develops measures of performance (MOP) to assess task accomplishment.

(3) Develops measures of effectiveness (MOE) to assess effects.

h. Refines targeting products based upon the approved COA.

5. The staff officer leads the targeting board and approves the targeting products developed (with the commander’s approval) by the targeting working
group in support of the operation.

6. The S/G-3, supported by the staff officer, publishes the OPORD with the approved targeting products and updates it with FRAGORDs to implement
targeting decisions.

7. The staff officer directs the staff to perform the "detect" function of the targeting process.

a. Directs the S/G-2 to integrate named areas of interest (NAI) and targeted areas of interest (TAI) for HPTs into the information collection plan.

b. Coordinates with the S/G-2 and S/G-3 to incorporate targeting information requirements into the information collection plan.

c. Integrates dynamic targeting into current operations and fires cell procedures.

Page 7
 (1) Analyzes collected information to find emerging targets and makes one of the following determinations:
•Designates it as a probable target or time sensitive target (TST) and continues through the dynamic targeting process.
•Designates it as a probable target and passes to the deliberate targeting process.
•Analyzes the target further.
•Discards the target completely or enters the target on the NSL.

(2) Employs infrared and radar-based sensor technology to confirm the probable target.

(a) Confirms the targets identification.

(b) Confirms the target's location.

(3) Tracks targets to assist in further targeting analysis or to determine engagement window.

d. Directs the S/G-2 to develop HPTs in sufficient time to synchronize an attack.

(1) Conduct the vetting of targets.

(2) Validate the targets.

e. Directs the collection manager to detect and track targets with support from the FAIO and targeting officer.

f. Directs the coordination of the handoff of targets from one collection asset to another when required.

g. Directs the FAIO to forward the confirmed targets to the targeting officer.

8. The staff officer directs the fires WFF lead to perform the "deliver" function of targeting.

a. Analyzes targets received from the FAIO with the support of the ADAM/BAE (brigades), JAGIC (division), or ASOC (corps).
•Verifies the target against the target selection standards and AGM.
•Prioritizes the targets.
•Determines the appropriate attack method.

b. Decides the tactical requirements for the target.

•Time of the engagement.
•Desired effect, degree of damage, or both.
•The delivery system to use.
•Potential for collateral damage.

c. Decides the technical requirements for the target.

• Selects the time of engagement.
• Identifies the desired effects.
• Determines any special restraints or requests for particular munition types.

d. Coordinates the attack with the appropriate asset.

(1) Directs the engagement of the target to the appropriate asset manager.
•Communicates the tactical decisions.
•Communicates the technical decisions.

(2) Provides clearance of fires.

(3) Coordinates airspace.

(4) Coordinates two or more assets to achieve the desired effect.

e. Asset managers report any reason they cannot meet the requirements established for the target.

9. The staff officer directs the targeting staff to assess the effectiveness of targeting and recommends adjustments to the commander to ensure that
operations remain aligned with the intent.

a. Directs the targeting staff to monitor the current situation to collect relevant information.
•Analyzes information against MOP.
•Analyzes information against MOE.

b. The staff officer directs the SJA to advise on targeting operations to ensure compliance with the ROE and applicable laws.

Page 8
 c. Directs the conduct of the three elements of combat assessment.

(1) Directs the all-source intelligence section and the FAIO to receive and analyze BDA from the collection asset.

(a) Conducts physical damage assessment of the target based on observed or interpreted damage.

(b) Conducts functional damage assessment based on all-source intelligence.

(c) Conducts target system assessment.

(d) Distributes the results to the targeting WG.

(2) Coordinates with the S/G-3, fires cell, and the targeting WG, to conduct munitions effectiveness assessment.

(3) Recommends reengagement of the target to meet the commander’s intent.

d. Directs the targeting WG to recommend adjustments to targeting based upon analysis of the effects and their correlation to the commander’s
guidance.

e. Receives a decision from the commander if and how to modify the operation based on integrating the commander’s personal assessment with
recommendations from the staff, subordinate commanders, and unified action partners.

f. The staff officer directs the staff and subordinate units to implement the directed changes.

g. The staff officer’s unit continues its assigned tactical tasks as directed.

h. The commander and staff ensure the operation remains synchronized.

(Asterisks indicates a leader performance step.)

Evaluation Guidance: Score the Soldier GO if he/she passes all performance measures. Score the Soldier NO-GO if the Soldier fails any
performance measure. If the Soldier scores NO-GO, show the Soldier why he/she failed and show the Soldier how to perform the measure correctly.

Evaluation Preparation: Brief the Soldier: Explain expectations to the Soldier by reviewing the task standards. Stress to the Soldier the
importance of observing all cautions and warnings to avoid injury to personnel and, if applicable, damage to equipment.

PERFORMANCE MEASURES GO NO-GO N/A

1. The staff officer received guidance from the commander on conducting the targeting process to include
the use of lethal and nonlethal capabilities to produce desired effects by fires, and any restrictions on
fires.
2. The staff officer led the staff during the support to targeting.
3. The staff officer directed the fires warfighting function lead to establish the targeting working group
(WG).
4. The staff officer directed the targeting working group to conduct the "decide" function of targeting.
5. The staff officer led the targeting board and approved the targeting products developed (with the
commander’s approval) by the targeting working group in support of the operation.
6. The S/G-3, supported by the staff officer, published the OPORD with the approved targeting products
and updated it with FRAGORDs to implement targeting decisions.
7. The staff officer directed the staff to perform the "detect" function of the targeting process.
8. The staff officer directed the fires WFF lead to perform the "deliver" function of targeting.
9. The staff officer directed the targeting staff to assess the effectiveness of targeting and recommended
adjustments to the commander to ensure that operations remain aligned with the intent.

Supporting Reference(s):

Page 9
 Step Reference ID Reference Name Required Primary Source Information
Number
ATP 3-60 Targeting Yes Yes
FM 3-0 OPERATIONS Yes No
FM 3-09 FIELD ARTILLERY OPERATIONS AND Yes No
FIRE SUPPORT
http://armypubs.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/
dr_a/pdf/fm3_09.pdf
FM 5-0 Planning and Orders Production Yes No
FM 6-0 Commander and Staff Organization and Yes No
Operations
LOCAL SOP LOCAL SOP Yes No

TADSS :
TADSS ID Title Product Type
20-101 Joint Land Component Constructive Training Capability -Multi-Resolution DVC
Federation - Standard Configuration
71-ALOTT Army Low Overhead Training Toolkit SIM
71-20 Common Hardware Platform (CHP) DVC

Equipment Items (LIN): None

Materiel Items (NSN) :

Step ID NSN LIN Title Qty

No materiel items specified

Environment: Environmental protection is not just the law but the right thing to do. It is a continual process and starts with deliberate planning.
Always be alert to ways to protect our environment during training and missions. In doing so, you will contribute to the sustainment of our training
resources while protecting people and the environment from harmful effects. Refer to the current Environmental Considerations manual and the current
GTA Environmental-related Risk Assessment card. Refer to FM 3-34.5 Environmental Considerations and GTA 05-08-002 ENVIRONMENTAL-
RELATED RISK ASSESSMENT.

Safety: In a training environment, leaders must perform a risk assessment in accordance with current Risk Management Doctrine. Leaders will
complete the current Deliberate Risk Assessment Worksheet in accordance with the TRADOC Safety Officer during the planning and completion of each
task and sub-task by assessing mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available-time available and civil considerations, (METT-TC).
Note: During MOPP training, leaders must ensure personnel are monitored for potential heat injury. Local policies and procedures must be followed
during times of increased heat category in order to avoid heat related injury. Consider the MOPP work/rest cycles and water replacement guidelines IAW
current CBRN doctrine. Refer to GTA 05-08-012 INDIVIDUAL SAFETY CARD.

Prerequisite Individual Tasks : None

Supporting Individual Tasks : None

Supported Individual Tasks : None

Supported Collective Tasks : None

Knowledges :
Knowledge ID Knowledge Name
EW-K-0072 Know the functions of the Targeting Working Group
K25896 Know how to Produce Targeting Products
K0495 Know how to determine targeting considerations.
K1437 Know Targeting Board applications
EW-K-0113 Know the fundamentals of the targeting process

Skills :
Skill ID Skill Name
S2256 Army leadership
S3173 Ability to Employ Situational Leadership

Page 10
ICTL Data : None

Page 11