Programming Fundamentals (CS-116L) SSUET/QR/114

LAB # 06
NESTED STATEMENTS,
BREAK AND CONTINUE STATEMENTS

OBJECTIVE
Working on nested statements and control loop iteration using break and continue.

THEORY

Nested Statements:
A Nested statement is a statement that is the target of another statement. Nested if:
A Nested if is an if statement that is the target of another if statement. Nested if
statements means an if statement inside another if statement.
Syntax:
if (condition1):
# Executes when condition1 is true if (condition2):
# Executes when condition2 is true
# if Block is end here
# if Block is end here

Example:
#using nested if
x=int(input("enter number="))
y=int(input("enter 2nd number="))
if x > 2:
if y > 2:
z = x + y
print("z is", z)
else:
print("x is", x)

Output:
>>> %Run task1.py
enter number=3
enter 2nd number=8
z is 11
>>>
 Programming Fundamentals (CS-116L) SSUET/QR/114

Nested loops:
Nested loops consist of an outer loop and one or more inner loops. Each time the outer
loop repeats, the inner loops are reinitialized and start again.

Example:
height=int(input("Enter height: "))
for row in range(1, height):
for column in range(1,height):
print(row, end=" ")
print()

Output:
>>> %Run task2.py
Enter height: 7
111111
222222
333333
444444
555555 666666
Keywords break and continue:
The break and continue keywords provide additional controls to a loop.

The Break Statement:

The keyword break in a loop to immediately terminate a loop. Listing example presents a
program to demonstrate the effect of using break in a loop.

Syntax: break

Example:
# Use of break statement inside loop for
word in "string":
if word == "i":
break
print(word)
print("The end")

Output:
>>> %Run 'lab1-task1!.py' s t r
The end
>>>
Programming Fundamentals (CS-116L) SSUET/QR/114

The continue Statement:

The continue statement breaks out of the current iteration in the loop.

Syntax: continue

Example:
# Program to show the use of continue statement inside Loops
for val in "string":
if val == "i":
continue
print(val)
print("The end")

Output:
>>> %Run 'lab1-task1!.py' s t
r n g The end
>>>

EXERCISE

A. Point out the errors, if any, and paste the output in the following Python
programs.

1. Code
prompt = "\nPlease enter the name of a city you have
visited:" prompt+="\n(Enter 'quit' when you are
finished.)"
while True:
city = str(input(prompt))
if city == quit:
break;
else:
print("I'd love to go to " , city.title() , "!")

Correct Code:
prompt = "\nPlease enter the name of a city you have visited:"
prompt+="\n(Enter 'quit' when you are finished.)"
while True:
city = str(input(prompt))
if city == 'quit':
break;
else:
print("I'd love to go to " , city.title() , "!")
Programming Fundamentals (CS-116L) SSUET/QR/114

Output:

2. Code Correct Code:

if x>2: if
x=3
y>2:
y=5
z=x+y if x>2:
print(“z is”, y) if y>2:
else: z=x+y
print (“x is”, x) print("z is", y)
else:
print ("x is", x)

Output :

3. Code
balance = int(input("enter yourbalance1:"))
while true:
if balance <=9000:
continue;
balance = balance+999.99
print("Balance is", balance)
Programming Fundamentals (CS-116L) SSUET/QR/114

Correct Code:
balance = int(input("enter yourbalance1: "))
while True:
if balance <=9000:
break;
balance = balance+999.99
print("Balance is", balance)

Output:

B. What will be the output of the following programs:

1. Code

i = 10
if (i==10):
#First if statement
if (i < 15): print ("i is
smaller than 15")
# Nested - if statement
# Will only be executed if statement above
# it is true
if (i < 12):
print ("i is smaller than 12 too") else:
print ("i is greater than 15")

Output
Programming Fundamentals (CS-116L) SSUET/QR/114

2. Code
i = 1 j = 2 k
= 3 if i > j:
if i > k:
print('A')
else:
print('B')

Output

3. Code
# nested for loops for i in
range(0, 5):
for j in range(i):
print(i, end=' ')
print()

Output
 Programming Fundamentals (CS-116L) SSUET/QR/114

C. Write Python programs for the following:

1. Write a program to add first seven terms twice of the following series:

Code:
#Hassan
#BCS-127
sum = 0
for a in range(1,8):
b=1
for c in range(1,a+1):
b = c*b
num = a/b
sum = sum+num
print(a, "/", b, "+", end=" ")
print("\n The Sum of First Seven terms is: ", sum)

Output:

2. Write a program to print all prime numbers from 900 to 1000.

[Hint: Use nested loops, break and continue]

Code:
x = 900
while x < 1000:
if x > 1:
for y in range(2, x):
if x % y == 0:
break
else:
print(x)
x += 1

Output:
 Programming Fundamentals (CS-116L) SSUET/QR/114

3. Write a program to display multiplication table (1-5) using nested looping

Sampled output: [hint: '{ } ' .format(value)]
02 X 01 = 02

Code:
#Hassan
#BCS-127
table = int(input("Enter Table Number: "))
rng = int(input("Enter Range: "))
for x in range(1,rng+1):
y=1
for y in range(1, table+1):
z = x*y
print('{0:4}' .format(z), end = " ")
print( )

Output: