Experiment 2

Name of experiment : Measurement of current,
potential difference and resistance
Objective :
Learn how to use a voltmeter, ammeter, and ohmmeter
to measure voltage, current, and resistance in Electrical
circuit
Intruduction :
Electric circuits form the foundation for all electric and
electronic devices in use today. Simple electric circuits
are composed from the basic electric elements such as
resistors, capacitors and inductances and can be
understood in terms of electric current flow through
and changes of electric potential, or voltage, in such
elements.
A useful analogy for the movement of the electric
current in such circuit is that of water flowing in a
system of
pipes. In this analogy, electric current can be thought
of as water flow and electric potential can be thought
of as
the water’s pressure. As water flows from high
pressure towards low pressure in regular pipes, the
electric
current flows from the regions with high electric
potential towards the regions with low potential. Just
like
greater pressure causes water to flow faster, greater
voltage causes electric current to be stronger. And just
like
flowing water can make mechanisms to work, so does
electric current makes numerous electric and electronic
devices function.
the current in the circuit diagrams is usually shown as
flowing from positive
(high) electric potential to negative (low). In reality,
the current flow is caused (in most cases) by the
movement
of negatively charged electrons, which move from
negative battery poles to positive poles, in exactly
opposite to
measure electric voltage and current in different parts
of such circuits. Such measurements are performed
using
the devices known as voltmeters and ammeter .
An ammeter is a device
used to measure the current in a circuit. Electric currents
are measured in amperes (A), hence the name. For direct
measurement, the ammeter is connected in series with the
circuit in which the current is to be measured. An ammeter
usually has low resistance so that it does not cause a
significant voltage drop in the circuit being measured.
An voltmeter is a device that measures voltages of either

direct or alternating electric current on a scale usually
graduated in volts, millivolts (0.001 volt), or kilovolts
(1,000 volts). Many voltmeters are digital, giving readings
as numerical displays. The instruments just described can
also provide readings in analogue form, by moving a
pointer that indicates voltage on a scale, but digital
voltmeters generally have a higher order of accuracy than
analogue instruments.
An ohmmeter is a devices used to measure the

electrical resistance of a circuit element, such as a
resistor or a wire.
In order for an ohmmeter to work properly, the circuit
element being measured must be isolated from the rest
of the circuit, since other components or circuits may
interfere with the measurement.
The practical of the experience
Conclusion
We conclude from the experiment that the results
that were extracted are identical or close to the
results of the theoretical side, and this indicates
that all steps
The experiment was correct from a practical
standpoint and also from a theoretical standpoint.
We also notice the extent of the effect of internal
resistance on the accuracy of the readings. As the
value of the current increases, the value of the
resistance decreases with it. We note that the
amount of resistance remains constant when the
value of the current and voltage remain constant.
Homework
H.W(1)
The value must be limited to the range (0.06),
because the ranges are either less or greater
than the base value, and this will lead to not
giving the correct value.
H.W(2)
When we use the first connection method to
measure high resistance, the total resistance of
the circuit increases
This is because the resistance of the voltmeter
will be very high, so two resistances are in
parallel
When using the second connection method to

measure low resistance, we have a very low
resistance of the ammeter, and since the
resistance is connected to it in series, it will
cause an effect on the total resistance of the
circuit.
Devices used in the experiment:

1 x continuous power source
2 x Decimal Resistors Boxes
1 x DC voltmeter
1 DC ammeter
1 x Multimeter device (voltmeter, ammeter,and
ohmmeter), one number
1 x Unknown Resistance Box
References
https://www.britannica.com/technology/resistor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammeter
https://www.electricity-magnetism.org/ohmmeter/

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Experiment 2

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Name of experiment : Measurement of current,

potential difference and resistance

An voltmeter is a device that measures voltages of either

An ohmmeter is a devices used to measure the

The practical of the experience

When using the second connection method to

Devices used in the experiment:

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