The Way of The World Guide-Compressed

an NAC English Theatre / Soulpepper Theatre (Toronto) coproduction
Study Guide
THE NATIONAL ARTS CENTRE ENGLISH THEATRE
PROGRAMMES FOR STUDENT AUDIENCES
2007-2008 SEASON
Peter Hinton
Artistic Director, English Theatre
This Study Guide was written and researched by Jane Moore for the National Arts Centre, English
Theatre, April 2008. It may be used solely for educational purposes.
The National Arts Centre English Theatre values the feedback of teachers on the content and format of
its Study Guides. We would appreciate your comments on past Study Guides, on this current one, or
suggestions on ways to improve future Study Guides. Comments may be directed to Martina Kuska
either by email at mkuska@nac-cna.ca or by fax at (613) 943-1401.
Theatre5 Media Partner

TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Source: 'Pall Mall, South Side, Past Buildings: Ozinda's Chocolate House', Survey of
London: volumes 29 and 30: St James Westminster, Part 1 (1960), pp. 384. URL:
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=40606. Date accessed: 31 March 2008.
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• England and Scotland joined as United Kingdom • Beginning of the late baroque period
• British and Austrians vs. French and Bavarians in War of
Austrian Succession to gain control of India Men:
• Chinese take Taiwan • Suspenders to hold up pants
• Peter the Great founds St. Petersburg • Full-cut pants
• England and Scotland population reaches 7.5 million • Cambric/muslin shirts
• Braiding and ruffles
• King William III of England and Queen Mary • Three-Corner hats
• Queen Anne of England (from 1702) • Wigs
• Czar Peter the Great of Russia Women:
• Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I Holy Roman Emperor • Rings, especially large gaudy jeweled ones
Joseph I • Elaborate petticoats
• Isaac Newton • Large earrings
• 200,000 in Tokyo earthquake • First daily newspaper in London (and probably the world):
• Serfdom in Denmark “The Daily Courant”
• King William III Prince of Orange • Regular advertising first appears in weekly “Boston News-
• George Farquhar, 29 Letter”
• John Dryden • “Moscow Gazette” first published
• Emperor Leopold I • Daniel Defoe's weekly newspaper "The Review" published
• Pirate Captain William Kidd, 56 from his prison cell
• Samuel Pepys, 70 • First evening paper "The Evening Post" in London
• 8,000 in Great Storm of London
• Act of Settlement insures no Catholic can become ruler of
• Yale University, Connecticut England
• Buckingham Palace • First Presbyterian Church in America
• Billiards in Berlin • Beginning of Baptist movement in U.S.
• Dom Perignon's sparkling champagne in Hauvillers, • Rise of the Sikhs in India
France • Catholic priests forbidden to reside in Massachusetts for
• Horseracing in England encouraged by Queen Anne more than three months
• "Enlightenment" - French intellectual movement • Mennonite church built in Philadelphia
• Jethro Tull's mechanical seed drill
• The commode • Edmund Halley predicts comet of 1682 will return in 76
• Copyright laws in England - the first anywhere years, proving periodic comet orbiting of sun
• Mardi Gras celebrations • Sir Isaac Newton proves light is made up of colors
• Grenades in war and the new soldier – grenadier • Symbol pi (*185*) introduced to mean ratio of circle's
Entertainment circumference to diameter
• Her Majesty's Theatre, London • First lithotomy (stone removal from bladder) performed in
• William Congreve's The Way of the World America
• George Farquhar's plays • Ammonium chloride discovered, Royal Observatory, Berlin
• Kubuki Theatre in Japan
• First pantomimes at Drury Lane, London • First use of "ain't" in England
• Bless my stars!
• Development of the mandolin, clarinet, slide trumpet, and • To bamboozle someone
the first piano, the pianoforte • To buy something for a song
• Vivaldi is 'in' in Italy, Couperin in France • To play second fiddle to someone
• Johann Sebastian Bach's first cantata • By word of mouth
• Handel's "St. John Passion" and his opera "Almira" • To ram something down someone's throat
• "For He's a Jolly Good Fellow" popular song in France • From the cradle to the grave
(Malbrouk's) • Much ado about nothing
• To see with one's own eyes
• "The Selling of Joseph," anti-slavery book by Samuel • Up in arms
Sewall • Raining cats and dogs
• Jonathan Swift's "The Tale of a Tub" • Someone is a snake-in-the-grass.
• Joseph Addison's "The Campaign," "The Tatler"
• Alexander Pope's "Pastorals"
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Physical Changes Audiences

The Restoration brings a strong Italian influence to • Audiences upper class mainly
English stage practices. With new construction, the • After William and Mary are crowned in 1689, the
proscenium arch, perspective painting, and /or merchant class begins to attend the theatre
backdrop scenery become indispensable elements of • A strong Puritan influence is established
the English stage. Proscenium arch, doors and • Jeremy Collier’s “a short view of immorality and
balconies, and a much extended apron, are significant profanes of the English Stage”
vestiges of the Elizabethan stage. • The middle class calls for more clear-cut morals
• Comedy of Manners did not please the Puritan
Companies elements of English society
• Acting companies in London establish the
contract system; and theatrical entrepreneurs Kinds of Plays
emerge • Heroic tragedy: extraordinary characters / deeds /
• Theatre is under control of business men contrived plays with themes of love
• Actors serve as managers of theatrical troupes • Restoration tragedy: adherence to neoclassical
• Actors are employees rules / Shakespeare works converted
• Social status higher (though moral character still • Comedies of Intrigue: daring exploits of Romance
in question) • Aphra Behn
• Actors possess parts • Comedies of Manners:-
• Repertory system Most famous of all Restoration plays
• Playwright: fixed salaries, no royalties High Comedy. Verbal wit. Influenced by
• Women allowed on stage for the first time in Molière
England Fashions and Manners of upper class
Themes of gossip, adultery, sexual
escapades
Upper class preoccupation with reputation
Screen Scenes and Pants Parts (Breeches
Parts)
Stock Type Characters: name sums up the
role (Fop = Character)
, /, (
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NOTES ON THE PLAY

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2
Prologue Act 3, Scene 4
Parnassus: mountain in Greek mythology – home of the Quarles: Royalist supporter and writer whose poems
Muses were enjoyed by Puritans!
th
Prynne: 17 century English author, Puritan and political
Act 1, Scene 1 figure
Gamester: gambler
Gay: happy 3-5
Stoic: unaffected by pleasure or pain Drawer: person who draws the wine
Cabal: clique seeking power, usually through intrigue Superannuated: too old for use or work
Ratafia: sweet liqueur, flavoured with almond or fruit Frippery: pretentious elegance; trivial; of no importance
kernels Incontinently: unrestrained
Lampoon: crude written attack on someone’s person or Long Lane: street in London
character Gibbet-thief: person hanged for stealing
Dropsy: an old term for the swelling of soft tissues due Ludgate: prison in London
to the accumulation of excess water. Edema Blackfriars: theatre
Affected: unnatural speaking, or behaving in an artificial Farthing: smallest coin – ¼ of a penny
way to make an impression Decorum: quiet dignified proper behaviour
A month’s mind: strong desire
1-2 Passe-partout: skeleton key or master key that opens
St. Pancras: former London borough that was merged any lock
into the London borough of Camden Olio: A collection of various artistic or literary works or
Medlar: small brown bitter fruit – like an apple musical pieces; a miscellany; hodgepodge
Exceptious: disposed or apt to take exceptions, or to Becravated: wearing a cravat
object; captious. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] Beperiwigged: wearing a wig
Raillery: good-natured teasing or ridicule; banter; Lingo: characteristic language of a particular group (as
repartee among thieves); "they don't speak our lingo"
Relations: relatives
1-6
Panegyric: elaborate praise – public eulogy 3-18
Bum-bailey: bound bailiff Errant: straying from the proper course or standards
Cuckold: a man whose wife commits adultery
1-8 Satyr: woodland creature depicted as having the pointed
Trulls: prostitutes ears, legs, and short horns of a goat and a fondness for
unrestrained revelry. A licentious man; a lecher.
Act 2, Scene 1
Penthesilea: Queen of the amazons in Greek mythology Act 4, Scene 1
Amazons: a tribe of large strong women warriors in Imprimis: Latin, “in the first place”
Greek mythology Proviso: clause in a document making a qualification,
Cuckold: a man whose wife commits adultery condition, or restriction
Dormitives: medicines to promote sleep; a soporific; an
2-5 opiate
beau monde: high society; the fashionable elite Lubber: a clumsy person, a lout
Camlet: fine dress fabric
2-6
Sententious: given to pedantic moralizing; pithy; using
aphorisms
4-8
Nolle prosequi: Latin legal phrase: unwilling to pursue Act 5, Scene 1
Gorget: ornamental collar
4-10 Brideswell: prison
Rantipole: rude romping boy or girl; also a gadabout Duke’s-Place: area of London known as a place where
dissipated woman thieves could dispose of their ill-gotten gains
Borachio: a drunkard Iniquity: gross immorality or injustice; wickedness; a sin
In vino veritas: Latin phrase suggesting that people are Odium: intense hatred or dislike, esp. toward a person
more likely to say what they really feel under the or thing regarded as contemptible, despicable, or
influence of alcohol. “There is truth in wine.” repugnant
Cantharides: a medication that causes blisters
4-11 5-6
Tallow-chandler: one whose occupation is to make, or Importunity: begging
to sell, tallow candles Pastoral: (from pastor, Latin for "shepherd") refers to a
Tumbril: two –wheeled cart literary work dealing with shepherds and rustic life
Bastinadoed: subjected to repeated blows Moiety: half
Shakebag: comic villain, hired killer Non compos: Latin, not in control
Salopian: geographical name, border of western
England 5-8
Pylades and Orestes: as a child Orestes was sent to
Phocis, where he was raised with Pylades, and so
considered him to be like a brother
5-11
Messalina: wife of Roman Emperor Claudius. She
supposedly had an insatiable sexual appetite
5-13
Perfidious: disloyal, treacherous
Epilogue
Scurrilous: expressed in vulgar, coarse, and abusive
language
Coquettes and beaux: girls and boys, flirts and dandies
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7+& * +!+ )* 1 )& )= 1 ) % +* = + + 7 + ( !
+= ) 1 7 ) * 7 + + & +!+ & + 1
) * 1 + 0 += )4 + 7 + = * = 7 ( 7 )
7 )4+ & + +! !+ ( ! * 7 & 7 ! 1 7 + !+ ? 7 +
+ * + ( 7+ + (= ! 7 ! ( * 7 ! ! +( 7
= ! + = + 1 )@! +( A 1 1 +(
2 F9 9G .3
( 2,0-
,,7 /3
,( ( , ( (
# -1(
,8 ##F
4 ! + < ! ! ! +& * + 7 )+ @8 7 & ! !
7 & ! A ( )+ & & ( ( 7+ &= 7 ? & + !+ ( )+ 8< 7 +! +
D 1) ! ! ( !+ ? + * + ( + ) ()C D+ * <
! +1 & ! +!
+ ! J) * ) + & 7 +
-
- - /0 / < 3
380- , -F
=
)I +! * 7 ) = 7+ 7 ) * )+ = +* )= 7+ 7 ) * +
7 + 7) 1 && ! ( ( ) * ( + + + ( ) + ! = !
& + + ! + ! I+ I +! ?7+ ( !+ + +
& ? ! ! 1 ) ( & + !+ ( & + + +
( & + 7 )& + 7 )* + ? + * + ( 1 + 7+ = 1 )! !
> ) 7 ?= )* 7+ )? * 7 ) ! ) 7 ! )?
+ ? ! *! + ) 1 = ! ! ) ( )+ 1 = 7+
!
7 )+ + 7 + + 7+ ( (( * ! ( )& ! * & +! ! !
( 4 ( ! ) 1 = & 7 ! ( ) ( (( = = ! 9%
+ ( ) + ! ! +1
2 ,( # 3
,(2,0 /1 ,1-F
( )+ ! & ( + +! + ! +! 7 + 7 7 = !
& 7 7 & + 1 E !+ ( + ( ) ( ( & ( ) =
= + + ! ( = + !! & + + ( ? & + + )! & + ( )
= 7 + +&& 7 + +
,2,0 ,1 0 8 - )# F
( ) 1 7+ & C) ( ) ) =+ + ) &
+1 ? ( + + ( ( ( ( ( 1 + 7 6 + 7 && + + 1 ) =&
+ 7 +1 + * = ! + + = ! 7 7 + ! ( )7
+ 7 ! +! 7+ ! ) ) 7 7 ( ( '
7 + !+ ) 7 *1 ! P + ( + & + +! = + ! 1
= + +1 + 7 +* 1 )7 )
8) #
(8,(6# )# ,
2 ( ( & ! - (3
4 () (8,( "+ 2(( - 3 4 + ( )+ //,P
-;/P
= ( 8( 8 -() & ( )& ! + &' + ! * 1+ + ( & !
+ 7++
!"# $"#
-#/ & ! += @+ ! A ) ! + = 7 ( +1 + + + &
44 !+ ! & +! & ;/ #/ ( ( ) = + +) #/
+ ( +& + & (( ! & + (( !+ ! ! =
+&& ! = 7 <
C /
&) ) ! + F 7 + + #/O );/ ) ( & <( + 6+
6+ + + ! C = + = + )7+ C+ 9 ( : = + F 7
! E + ! +! ! +! ! !+ (
! + +& ) & + ) =C! ) ( + E ! @ A+ <) = +& ) & + 7
=C! ) & + ) ( 1 )+ E 1 + / + ! )
! + ) E + + !+ ! "+ )0 ! )
7 (+ E + ( = +! )+ ! ) 7 I + E ! 7 ! ( )
+ &= = 1 )= 1 ) )+ ) 1 ) ) 1 )
) 1 )) ) 7 ! 1 & 7 &) 7 + * ) 1
+ % ! ) ++ ) 1 ( 7! E 7 ) > )
& 7 1 C= E 7 7 7 7 ) & 7
= ! + E &+ 1 )+ )
F 0 = 0+ )+ & ) &+ + ! ) <!+ ) + ( )+ )

! = 7 +== + ) ! ! ) & ) 7+
! E ! ! + =) ) !
+ ) ) && ) = ! )
& 8 +! & & I + + #/ %& ! ) )
&+ * & 7 + + $, ( C+1
+ =) 1+ 8 )" ) E 1 (+ ( (+! & 1+ .
6+! )9 )= +J = ) 1 ) = 7
E 7 + + = ! + ( ( 7+
+& ) + B) + + + ) 7 +( 7+ + + + 1 )&
) 7 + !+ + B+ + ! ) 7 + 7+ +
= ) 7 + E 7 + 7 + = ! = ! (
B) & 7 ) 2 ( ) 3B ) ( ( 7 +
(+ ) = )& + * + 7 ) + ) E + + &
! 7 1)
&) )) 7 + ( + ! + ) + +
E I + ( += )7 + ! + 7 + = ! = E + +
( = = )+ ! 7! ) ) 1 + = + + ! +B ) )7 C
C! 7+ ( !
() 7 + = +& 7+ ( + ( & + B !
+ )7+ ! && + ( C! + F ) 1+
27 +! 7+ 1 C = < = + ! 3 +1 + 1+ & 7
& ! ! & = = +& = E +1 + 1+ +1 +
C / 2! + 3
= C+ + 6 ) 8 8 ) + ! + E ! + &)
+ ! =2 ) P3 ) ! +1 ! = F) +1 ! + + 6 ! + *
6 + " 7 + & ! = + " ! : 7 = ! 1 7+ &
( + &+ !
E 1 1+ ? & + + 1+ =)"+ ! ! ! 7+ ):
= ! = + 8 " + 0 " +) +!
! + &. + . ) 6 ! " +! + :+ + ! + +
1 E ! : & 8 7+ +)
6
% ) + ! = # #! ! +( 1) #
! % +< ! = & + + 1 ! !
+ ! % )8 + ! ! = + !
4+ )* ! +<! +! = ! & ) = =)+ ) = 7 #! #/
! ) )& & & &+1 ! + 0 ++ 8 + $! &
" ! W //// % * + W // & ) + )( ( )
( )+ = #! & ( ! & !+ E ( & &+ +& ) + % & ) 7
1 ) + 1+ + E ( ! & )+
% ) ( + ! ) + = E ( = =) 7 7 + +1 !
E ( = = )@
) A ) ! ! 7
E + 1 ) )= ) E ) 7 ) !
7 ! 1+ + ) &+ ( += & + )( )
7 E ! + + = E & ( E
1 1+ + + + ( +
1 )+ ! + 7 & +)
+! I +J 7 1+ + G + >
+ + ! -; + ) + !
0 ! ! 8 0+ + &+
+ ! + & 1 ) 7 !
+1 7 )+ 1 !) " )
4 & 4 & .+ ) 8 J " 1 : 4+ 1 " ! )9+
+ 0 H 7 8 1 + 8 1 % +! 8
0 H )+ ! + -; 7 7+ !
6+ 7+ = 1+ % 6 ! 6 % )
%
,) # -)# ,
• 6 + + &+ + ;;/ + + 6) 6 = . 7 ) "
: 2 ! < ! 3
• . * ! + ! =) : 7 )+ 1 ) -, 8+ + &+ + $
! ) + 1 + = .>.
• 8 )+ = +& ( + &+ = 9 H) & = )! * +
! + ! ( )
+ 9 :7)
• // 88 ' 7 + + ! 9 :7) * &+ + 7+
+ ( + & ( +
• + 7 & 1+ &! + -#/ );/ 7 ) !
+ 7 + 7 1 8! 9 0 7 1+ =). +
. ) 6 ! " + =) + ! "+ + & ! + + ( !+ %&
"+ ! ! ! * &+ ! +! 4 + ) 7 + 7+ (+ 1
1+ + ! : ! ) " + ( ) 7+ 1
<# #
• 0 < & 4 )& 4 ' ('OO777 = O + O <-,O77 /<
• 0 < & 7+& * )% ( ' ('OO777 + + ! O 7+& O- $O
• 0 ()* + ) ' <
! + ) 1+
('OO777 ( () + & O ;; O ;; C
• 0 6 + ' + = 7 ( ! & +
+ < ! ! +( + (+! '
('OO777 7 ! OX777Y O )O6 + O O% Y Z! +!
• + <! ( & + $; & ( ( &8 7
0% E ! + ! +( + &( ! + '
('OO777 7 & OX(! !O( ! Z ! [ /
• 0 + ) & 8+ + ' ('OO777 =+ + ! O + ) O + )
• 0 + + + ) ' +) = + +
('OO777 ( ! ! ! O G!
• -#/' % + & + 7 & + + 7+ ) + ' ('OO 1
! O#/O + &+& + O
• <! ! +( + & +& + 6 +
('OO777 !+1+ + + ! O = O (O=) (7 O ;
• 4+ + " * 7+ ( + + 1+ + )+ ) 7 &
(+! + &6 + " + + '
('OO777 <+ ++ )! O O #
C,,7#.
• 1+ + 0 =) )8 7 + !+ 1 + 6 + 7+ +& %(
8 + ! ! * + + 7 ) N
• + +! 8 &6 + . + =)6 8 -,/! + +<
6 + ( ) & + !+ + ( )
• 0+ + =)9 " -#- + & + )! + +!+ &
1 * ! + C ! + & & & + + & +
• 6 + . )+ + +!+ + =) &+ -;; ! 1 +!
( ! & 7 ! ( 1
• 4+ + 1 =) <+ + + 9 1 -$ ! += 1 * + )! + 1
<
( + + 7 + ! < & + +
&
( ( & + 1+ + 9 + %
<( + 7 ( K0 + 7 )+ 7+ ! C) & ( )=)
+ ! = '
4 4 )& 7+ = ( & 4 + & 9% + K 9%

& ( = +! + + ( & 1 ) = I+ 2 +
+ & + 3 + ( & ! + + + +
@7 & ( ) A G + 1+ ! + +1 ! + = ! +
+ ! 7+ +1 + = ( & ! 7 )& ( + +1 + 1 1 &
+ ! = (( ( + 7 )& 7+ (( 1 & ! *( & ! +
(( 0 C) & ( ( 7 + = +
7 )= 1
=4 . ( () & = ! & + & &) & ( )

+ 7 + + ! = 7 ( =) . !+ = 1
. 7 ! ( ! ! ( & ! & 1 )( (
+ +1 1 +!
@4 & ) ( ( )& ( ( &7++ 1+ 7 ( )

7+ + ( & ! + ! = + !+ & ! 4 + +
+ + + & ( & ! + &+ + 7+ ) & !+ (
G4 + + ( = ! +! 1+! +
( & ( )+ + ( + = -
-1 , # 1 / (
#
2 / < 1# *0# < 0( ,3
34 ! + 1+!
( + +
!4 +! 7+ + 7+ = + += =)) ! 1 + ! & + + +
+ ( + + + 1 = &
+ = + + / &
< ( ! )+ =) +
$4 ) ) = + += + + K & + +
7 ( + ( ) 7 1 ! = & + + ): + & 7 7+
+ + 7++ 1+ 7 ( ! = 1 + = ! +& +
! + + 7 7 ( + (
94 + + & ( )+ ! ) + + ! +
+ + + + 1+ = +( 7 = & ( & !
) 1+ 7 + ( )+ + ( + & = + 7 = ! +
, - (# ( 1(
,/( ** # 3
,(#8 ,,-
#* 1,## <- 1 ( <2
!
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The Way of The World Guide-Compressed

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an NAC English Theatre / Soulpepper Theatre (Toronto) coproduction

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. &+ + + ' )& 6 + ) + )

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(Edmund Gosse, 1888)

4 )& 4 7 &+ ( & + $// .+ ! "+ )+ + &

( =C! + ( ) & $// 7 ! ! ' ( !! ( + 7+

)7 + ' 4+ + F9:6 >

6 + & = ( !+&+! + + "+ ) ;;/ ( + & + +

+ !+ ) ! )& = + 1+ + .+1+ 6+ & H+

6 + ! )+ & & +&+! 7+ ! 1 7 ( ) ! ! ! 7

Gin Lane, William Hogarth (1751)

8) $// + !+ )+ 4 ( 7+ ( ( + & #$#///

& + & !+ )+ ( = 8& $; + + & !+ )7

1 = & (+! ( ! ! = 7 = + &+

! + & & + 7 +& )! = + =) 7 (+! ( +

+ ! &! ! + + # + + ( ( FJ+ * ! " 7

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6 + 7 + & < 1 & + + + ) ! + ( +! ) 0 +

From Tyrannus or The Mode, 1661, by John Evelyn

& 7 + ( !! )& 6 + ) 7 7 ( &

, , 8 ,3 9"" 9."2 ( & ! - (3

)& !+ ( !! ( + &6 + ! 7 ' + 7 + + 7+

(#4 ? >C(8 /( - 2! ;$ $ ,3 + = ( =) & !

7 <( 9 ) ( ! & +&

7 &+ + & ! B :7) C+

6 ! = 7 H+ :7) = + + %( + & ;;, 9 :7) ( & !

! & ;,$ :7) && 1 ( )J + ) !

Physical Changes Audiences

The Mourning Bride

4 ! 7+ + &+ ( ) 8 & U NFA1.D* \.C7F5 '= D\9; =K+ 3

)7 ) + + ( + & + ( ) 1 1 + = + & &

1 ( ) + & & + +& = ! =+ " && & 7 +!

• # ,( , ,* 2+ + & + ! ) )+ & & ! )&

• ( .4 + + 7 +! & & + +1+ 1+! & + = ! + =)

% 1 )! &+ + & &# (+ + 1 + & (,2 ! =

+ )2! $ -3 =) 7+& + < ( & + 1 + +

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NOTES ON THE PLAY

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