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    The document discusses the basic formulas and factors associated with ANSI 51 protection used in electrical systems, including pickup current setting, time delay setting, time-current curves, multiplier factor, system impedance and fault analysis, and coordination with other protective devices.

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    The document discusses the basic formulas and factors associated with ANSI 51 protection used in electrical systems, including pickup current setting, time delay setting, time-current curves, multiplier factor, system impedance and fault analysis, and coordination with other protective devices.

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    The document discusses the basic formulas and factors associated with ANSI 51 protection used in electrical systems, including pickup current setting, time delay setting, time-current curves, multiplier factor, system impedance and fault analysis, and coordination with other protective devices.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as rtf, pdf, or txt
    13 views2 pages

    01

    Uploaded by

    bg
    The document discusses the basic formulas and factors associated with ANSI 51 protection used in electrical systems, including pickup current setting, time delay setting, time-current curves, multiplier factor, system impedance and fault analysis, and coordination with other protective devices.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Certainly, here are the basic formulas and factors commonly associated with ANSI 51

    protection (time-overcurrent relay protection) used in electrical systems:

    1. Pickup Current Setting (I_pickup):


     This represents the threshold current level at which the relay starts to
    operate.
     Formula: I_pickup = (Multiplier) × (Rated Current of the Protected
    Equipment)
     The multiplier factor is typically set between 1.5 to 2.5 times the rated
    current to ensure sensitivity to fault conditions while avoiding nuisance
    tripping during normal operation.
    2. Time Delay Setting (T_delay):
     This is the delay before the relay trips after the current exceeds the pickup
    level.
     The time delay allows discrimination between transient overcurrents and
    genuine faults.
     The relationship between time and current is often depicted by time-
    current curves or coordination curves.
    3. Time-Current Curves:
     These curves graphically illustrate the relationship between the magnitude
    of the fault current and the time it takes for the relay to operate (trip).
     They help in setting appropriate time delays for different levels of
    overcurrents to coordinate with other protective devices in the system.
    4. Multiplier Factor:
     The multiplier factor (K-factor) is a crucial parameter used to determine
    the pickup current of the relay.
     It's typically determined based on system characteristics, coordination
    requirements, and standards. Common values range from 1.5 to 2.5, but
    can vary based on specific system needs and relay characteristics.
    5. System Impedance and Fault Analysis:
     Understanding the impedance of the system and conducting fault analysis
    helps in determining the appropriate settings for the relay.
     Higher system impedance might require higher multiplier factors for
    sensitive protection.
    6. Coordination with Other Protective Devices:
     ANSI 51 protection settings must be coordinated with other protective
    devices in the system, such as relays, fuses, and circuit breakers, to ensure
    selective operation and prevent unnecessary tripping.

    These formulas, factors, and considerations are fundamental in setting up ANSI 51


    protection for electrical systems. They help determine the relay's sensitivity to faults, its
    response time, and its coordination with other protective devices, all aimed at providing
    effective protection while ensuring system stability and reliability.

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