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    Chapter 4 - IC Regulators

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    anshikahjjp
    The document summarizes different types of integrated circuit (IC) regulators including fixed, adjustable, positive, and negative regulators. It describes key IC regulators like 78XX and 79XX which produce positive and negative fixed voltages, and adjustable regulators like LM317, LM337, and LM723. Circuit diagrams are provided to illustrate connections and applications of these common IC voltage regulators.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chapter 4 - IC Regulators

    Uploaded by

    anshikahjjp
    20 views20 pages
    The document summarizes different types of integrated circuit (IC) regulators including fixed, adjustable, positive, and negative regulators. It describes key IC regulators like 78XX and 79XX which produce positive and negative fixed voltages, and adjustable regulators like LM317, LM337, and LM723. Circuit diagrams are provided to illustrate connections and applications of these common IC voltage regulators.

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    Chapter 4_IC Regulators

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    The document summarizes different types of integrated circuit (IC) regulators including fixed, adjustable, positive, and negative regulators. It describes key IC regulators like 78XX and 79XX which produce positive and negative fixed voltages, and adjustable regulators like LM317, LM337, and LM723. Circuit diagrams are provided to illustrate connections and applications of these common IC voltage regulators.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views20 pages

    Chapter 4 - IC Regulators

    Uploaded by

    anshikahjjp
    The document summarizes different types of integrated circuit (IC) regulators including fixed, adjustable, positive, and negative regulators. It describes key IC regulators like 78XX and 79XX which produce positive and negative fixed voltages, and adjustable regulators like LM317, LM337, and LM723. Circuit diagrams are provided to illustrate connections and applications of these common IC voltage regulators.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 20

    IC

    REGULATORS
    BHAVISHA PATEL
    IC Regulators

    Linear
    Fixed IC
    Adjustable
    regulator
    Regulator

    IC LM317,
    78XX, 79XX, LM337 IC
    LM340 Series
    IC 723 Regulator
    FIXED IC REGULATOR

    ❖ The function of a voltage regulator is to maintain a constant DC voltage at the output


    irrespective of voltage fluctuations at the input and (or) variations in the load current. In
    other words, voltage regulator produces a regulated DC output voltage.
    ❖ Voltage regulators are also available in Integrated Circuits (IC) forms. These are called
    as voltage regulator ICs.
    ❖ A fixed voltage regulator produces a fixed DC output voltage, which is either positive or
    negative. In other words, some fixed voltage regulators produce positive fixed DC voltage
    values, while others produce negative fixed DC voltage values.
    Fixed IC
    regulator

    Positive Negative
    Regulator Regulator

    IC 78XX
    LM340 IC79XX
    78XX IC AND 79XX IC

    ❖ 78xx voltage regulator ICs produce positive fixed DC voltage values, whereas, 79xx voltage
    regulator ICs produce negative fixed DC voltage values.
    ❖ The following points are to be noted while working with 78xx and 79xx voltage regulator ICs −
    ▪ “xx” corresponds to a two-digit number and represents the amount (magnitude) of voltage that
    voltage regulator IC produces.
    ▪ Both 78xx and 79xx voltage regulator ICs have 3 pins each and the third pin is used for collecting
    the output from them.
    ▪ The purpose of the first and second pins of these two types of ICs is different ,
    • The first and second pins of 78xx voltage regulator ICs are used for connecting the input and
    ground respectively.
    • The first and second pins of 79xx voltage regulator ICs are used for connecting the ground and
    input respectively.
    EXAMPLE: 7805 IC

    ❖7805 voltage regulator IC


    produces a DC voltage of
    +5 volts.
    78XX WITH NECESSARY CONNECTIONS

    ❖ In the above figure that shows a fixed positive voltage regulator, the input capacitor Ci is
    used to prevent unwanted oscillations and the output capacitor, C0 acts as a line filter to
    improve transient response.
    Example:7905 IC
    ❖LM 7905 is a standalone 5V voltage regulator integrated circuit with negative
    output polarity therefore it is used in such power applications where a positive
    ground voltage is used instead of a negative. 7905 is an extremely easy-to-use IC
    and has only 3 pins.
    1.Ground
    2.Input
    3.Output
    CONNECTION DIAGRAM

    ❖ IC 79xx is used in circuits as shown in the circuit


    above. In order to improve stability, two
    capacitors—C1 and C2—are used.
    ❖ The capacitor C1 is used only if the regulator is
    separated from filter capacitor by more than 3". It
    must be a 2.2 μF solid tantalum capacitor or 25μF
    aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
    ❖ The capacitor C2 is required for stability. Usually a 1
    μF solid tantalum capacitor is used. One can also
    use a 25μF aluminum electrolytic capacitor. Values
    given may be increased without limit.
    LM340 SERIES REGULATOR
    LM340 AS REGULATOR

    ❖The above diagram shows the application of the LM340 IC as a voltage regulator. The
    Pins 1, 2, and 3 are the input, output and also ground.
    ❖If there is quite a bit of distance (in cms) from the IC to the filter capacitor of the
    unregulated power supply, then there may be a chance of unwanted oscillations happening
    within the IC due to lead inductances within the circuit. In order to remove this
    unnecessary oscillation, the capacitor C1 has to be placed as shown in the circuit. The
    capacitor C2 is sometimes used to develop the transient reaction of the circuit.
    ❖Any device in the LM 340 series needs a minimum input of the voltage, which should be
    at least 2 to 3 V greater than the regulated output voltage – otherwise , it stops regulating.
    Furthermore, there is a maximum input of voltage because of excessive power dissipation.
    Linear
    adjustable IC
    regulator

    Positive Negative
    Regulator Regulator

    IC LM723(Both
    IC LM317 Positive & IC LM337
    Negative)
    LINEAR ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR

    FEATURES

    ❖ Output voltage range adjustable from 1.25 V to


    37 V
    ❖ Output current greater than 1.5 A
    ❖ Internal short-circuit current limiting
    ❖ Thermal overload protection
    ❖ Output safe-area compensation
    ❖ In above circuit Diagram, the resistors R1 and R2 determine the output voltage Vout. The
    resistor R2 is adjusted to get the output voltage range between 1.2 volts to 57 volts. The
    output voltage that is required can be calculated using the equation:
    ❖ Vout = Vref (1+R2/R1) + Iadj R2
    ❖ In this circuit, the value of Vref is the reference voltage between the adjustment terminals
    and the output taken as 1.25 Volt. The value of Iadj will be very small and will also have a
    constant value.
    ❖ Thus the above equation can be rewritten as Vout = 1.25 (1+R2/R1)
    ❖ In the above equation, due to the small value of Iadj, the drop due to R2 is neglected.
    LM337 IC NEGATIVE ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
    Features:
    •Adjustable 3-terminal Negative voltage regulator
    •Output voltage can be set to range from -1.25V to -37V
    •Maximum Output current is -1.5A
    •Differential Input and Output Voltage is 40V(max), recommended 15V
    •Maximum output current when voltage difference is 15V is -2.2A
    •Operating junction temperature is 125°C

    ❖ LM337 is an example of negative adjustable voltage regulator. LM337 is actually a complement of


    LM317 which are similar in operation & design; with the only difference being polarity of
    regulated output voltage.
    LM723 14 PIN IC

    LM723 Features:

    •The unnecessary o/p current will be 150mA without


    using an exterior pass transistor.
    •The maximum input supply voltage will be 40V.
    •It offers modifiable o/p from 3volts to 37volts.
    •These ICs are used to make switching & linear
    regulator.
    •It supplies 10A o/p current with the help of an external
    pass transistor.
    •These ICs are used for different operations such as
    positive, negative, series, floating, and shunt.
    ❖Advantages of LM723 Voltage Regulator
    • The advantages of LM723 voltage regulator include proven, low noise, the voltage range is
    wide, support for external pass transistors, recompense by the user, extremely flexible,
    complete temperature range accessible, and economical
    ❖Disadvantages of LM723 Voltage Regulator
    • The disadvantages of LM723 voltage regulator include difficulty, current limiting is not exact,
    current limiting is sensitive to overload, lowest dropout voltage, least regulated o/p voltage,
    error amplifier gain is Moderate, error amp bias current, and be careful when using
    MOSFET pass transistors.

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