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    Cataracts

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    dubutwice29
    Cataracts are a common eye condition where the lens becomes progressively cloudy, causing blurred vision. They are most often seen in people over age 40. Cataracts can develop in one or both eyes and are categorized by location in the lens and appearance. While no medications can cure cataracts, surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens is very effective. Caregivers can help patients cope with vision changes and prepare for cataract surgery.

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    Cataracts

    Uploaded by

    dubutwice29
    44 views17 pages
    Cataracts are a common eye condition where the lens becomes progressively cloudy, causing blurred vision. They are most often seen in people over age 40. Cataracts can develop in one or both eyes and are categorized by location in the lens and appearance. While no medications can cure cataracts, surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens is very effective. Caregivers can help patients cope with vision changes and prepare for cataract surgery.

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    Cataracts are a common eye condition where the lens becomes progressively cloudy, causing blurred vision. They are most often seen in people over age 40. Cataracts can develop in one or both eyes and are categorized by location in the lens and appearance. While no medications can cure cataracts, surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens is very effective. Caregivers can help patients cope with vision changes and prepare for cataract surgery.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    44 views17 pages

    Cataracts

    Uploaded by

    dubutwice29
    Cataracts are a common eye condition where the lens becomes progressively cloudy, causing blurred vision. They are most often seen in people over age 40. Cataracts can develop in one or both eyes and are categorized by location in the lens and appearance. While no medications can cure cataracts, surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens is very effective. Caregivers can help patients cope with vision changes and prepare for cataract surgery.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    CATARACTS

    Cloudy Vision - treatable


    Definition

    • a medical condition in which the lens


    of the eye becomes progressively
    opaque, resulting in blurred vision.
    • a lens opacity or cloudiness.
    • can develop in one or both eyes and
    any age.
    • most common in people aged 40
    above
    Categories

    Types of cataracts are categorized by what kind of change is


    happening to the lens (color, structure, etc.) and where in the
    lens they are located. Cataracts can develop at the back
    (posterior) of the lens, the center (nucleus) of the lens or
    around its periphery.
    Types by location

    • Nuclear
    • Posterior Subcapsular
    • Cortical
    Common Types
    • Age-related cataracts: These cataracts cause clouding and
    blurry vision, and they’re common in people 75 and older.
    • Traumatic cataracts: A serious injury can damage your lens,
    and a cataract could form as your eye heals.
    • Radiation cataracts: Therapy involving ultraviolet (UV)
    rays, along with too much sun exposure, can cause cataract
    formation.
    Common Types

    • Pediatric cataracts: Congenital defects can cause cataracts in


    newborns. Sometimes, these vision problems appear later.
    • Secondary cataracts: Some people develop scar tissue after
    cataract surgery. Cells can clump together, forming a
    secondary cataract, or a return of cataract symptoms.
    Causes and Risk Factors
     Ageing (most common)
     Cigarette smoking
     Long-term use of corticosteroids,
    at high dose
     Excessive exposure to ultraviolet
    sunlight
     Diabetes
     Obesity
     Eye injuries/Trauma
    Signs and Symptoms
    Sample Visions
    Clinical Management

    MEDICAL MANAGEMENT

    • No nonsurgical treatment (medications, eyedrops,


    eyeglasses) cures cataracts or prevent age-related cataracts.
    • Studies have found no benefit from antioxidant
    supplements, vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and selenium.
    Clinical Management

    • Glasses or contact, bifocal, or magnifying lenses may


    improve vision.
    • Mydriatics can be used short term, but glare is increased.

    Bifocal glasses

    Glasses and contact lenses


    Mydriatics/ Eye Drops
    Clinical Management

    SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
    • In general, if reduced vision from cataract does not interfere
    with normal activities, surgery may not be needed.
    • In deciding when cataract surgery is to be performed, the
    patient’s functional and visual status should be a primary
    consideration.
    Clinical Management

    • Surgical options include


    phacoemulsification (breaks up the
    cataract in order for it to be
    suctioned out and removed using phacoemulsification
    laser)
    • lens replacement (aphakic intraocular lens implants

    eyeglasses, contact lenses, and


    intraocular lens implants).
    Clinical Management

    • Cataracts are removed under local


    anesthesia on an outpatient basis.
    When both eyes have cataracts, one
    eye is treated first, with at least several
    weeks, preferably months, separating
    the two procedures.
    Caregiver Management

    • If caregiving is provided in the patient’s home, structure the


    environment with conducive lighting and reduce fall
    hazards.
    • Suggest magnifying glasses and large-print books. Explain
    that sunglasses and soft lighting can reduce glare.
    • Assist the patient with the actions of daily living as needed
    to remedy any self-care deficit (limitations).
    Caregiver Management

    • Encourage the patient to verbalize or keep a log on his or


    her fears and anxiety about visual loss or impending surgery.
    • Help plan events to solve the problems with social isolation.
    Conclusion

    Cataracts are a common vision problem that can be


    successfully treated with surgery. By protecting your eyes from
    UV rays, eating a healthy diet, and getting regular eye exams,
    you can reduce your risk of developing cataracts.

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