Class XII 2023-24

Physics
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section
E.
3. All the sections are compulsory.
4. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four assertion reasoning based of
1 mark each, Section B contains five questions of 2 marks each, Section C contains seven
questions of 3 marks each, Section D contains two case study based questions of 4 marks each
and Section E contains three long questions of 5 marks each.
5. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in
Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three
questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions
6. Use of calculators is not allowed.
7. You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
i. c = 3 # 108 m/s v. h = 6.63 # 10−34 Js
ii. me = 9.1 # 10 kg
−31
vi. ε 0 = 8.854 # 10−12 C2N−1m−2
iii. e = 1.6 # 10−19 C vii. Avogadro’s number = 6.023 # 1023 per
iv. µ 0 = 4π # 10 TmA
−7 −1
gram mole

SECTION-A
1. Two coils are placed close to each other. The mutual inductance of the pair of coils depends
upon
(a) currents in the coils
(b) materials of the wires of the coils
(c) relative position and orientation of the coils
(d) rates at which the currents are changing in the coils

2. If a bar magnet is dropped down in an infinitely long vertical copper tube, then the magnet
will move continuously
(a) increasing velocity and acceleration
(b) increasing velocity but constant acceleration
(c) decreasing velocity and ultimately comes to rest
(d) increasing velocity and ultimately acquires a constant terminal velocity
3. Which scientist experimentally proved the existence of electromagnetic waves?
(a) Marconi (b) Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
(c) James Clerk Maxwell (d) Jagdish Chander Bose

4. A circular coil of radius r carries a current I. The magnetic field at its centre is B . At what
distance from the centre, on the axis of the coil, the magnetic field will be B/8
(a) 2R (b) 2R
(c) 3R (d) 3R

5. The minimum angular momentum of electron in Hydrogen atom will be

(a) h Js (b) h Js
π 2π
(c) hπJs (d) 2πh Js

6. Two plates of a parallel plate capacitor are 1 cm apart and potential difference between them
is 10 V. The electric field between the plates is
(a) 10 N-C-1 (b) 250 N-C-1
(c) 500 N-C-1 (d) 1000 N-C-1

7. What happens if a monochromatic light used in the Young’s double slit experiment is replaced
by white light?
(a) no fringes are observed
(b) all bright fringes become white
(c) all bright fringes are coloured between violet and red
(d) only central fringe is white and all other fringes are coloured

8. The voltage V and current I graphs for a conductor at two different temperatures T1 and T2
are shown in the figure. The relation between T1 and T2 is

(a) T1 > T2 (b) T 1 . T 2

(c) T1 = T2 (d) T1 < T2
9. An electric current passes through a long straight copper wire. At a distance 5 cm from the
straight wire, the magnetic field is B . The magnetic field at 20 cm from the straight wire would
be
(a) B 6 (b) B4
(c) 3 B B
(d) 2

10. An aluminium ring B faces an electromagnet A. Which of the following statement is correct?

(a) if I increases, A will repel B

(b) if I decreases, A will repel B
(c) if I increases, A will attract B
(d) whether I increases or decreases B will not experience any force

11. A particle of mass m and charged q is accelerated through a potential V. The De-Broglie
wavelength of the particle will be:
Vh q
(a) (b)

h mh
(c) (d)
2qmV 2qV
Q
12. In the figure, if net force on Q is zero then value of is:
q

(a) 2 (b) 2 √2
1 (d) 1
(c)
2 √2 2
13. Assertion : Photo-sensitivity of a metal is high if its work function is small.
Reason : Work function = hf 0 where f 0 is the threshold frequency.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) The Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

14. Assertion : The resistivity of a semi-conductor increases with temperature.

Reason : The atoms of semi-conductor vibrate with larger amplitude as higher temperatures
thereby increasing its resistivity.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) The Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

15. Assertion (A) : The minimum distance between an object and its real image formed by a
convex lens is 2f.
Reason (R) : The distance between an object and its real image is minimum when its
magnification is two.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) The Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

16. Assertion : In Young’s experiment, the fringe width for dark fringes is different from that for
white fringes.
Reason : In Young’s double slit experiment the fringes are performed with a source of white
light, then only black and bright fringes are observed.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) The Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
 SECTION-B
17. A capacitor of capacitance C is being charged by connecting it across a DC source along with
an ammeter. Will the ammeter show a momentary deflection during the process of charging? If
so, how would you explain this momentary deflection and the resulting continuity of current in
the circuit? Write the expression for the current inside the capacitor.

18. A small magnet of magnetic moment M , is placed at a distance r from the origin O with its
axis parallel to X -axis as shown. A small coil, if one turn is placed on the X -axis, at the same
distance from the origin, with the axis of the coil coinciding with X -axis. For what value of
current in the coil does a small magnetic needle, kept at origin, remains undefiled ? What is the
direction of current in the coil ?

19. What is Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence? What is its importance?

20. You are given two converging lenses of focal length 1.25 cm and 5 cm to design a compound
microscope. If it is desired to have a magnification of 30, then find out the separation between
the objective and eyepiece.

21. Draw the voltage-current characteristic curve of a diode and mark its important parameter.
OR
Draw V - I characteristics of a p - n junction diode. Answer the following questions, giving
reasons:
(i) Why is the current under reverse bias almost independent of the applied potential upto a
critical voltage?
(ii) Why does the reverse current show a sudden increase at the critical voltage?

SECTION-C
22. Draw a graph showing the variation of intensity against the position x on the screen in Young
double slit experiment.

23. Two point charges having equal charges separated by 1 m distance experience a force of 8 N
. What will be the force experienced by them, if they are held in water, at the same distance?
(Given: Kwater = 80)
24. Give some points of similarities and differences between Biot-Savart law for the magnetic field
and Coulomb’s law for the electrostatic field.

25. A horizontal conducting rod 10 m long extending from east to west is falling with a speed
5.0 ms-1 at right angle to the horizontal component of the Earth’s magnetic field, 0.3 # 10-4
Wb - m-2. Find the instantaneous value of the emf induced in the rod.

26. A capacitor C , a variable resistor R and a bulb B are connected in series to the AC mains in
the circuit as shown in the figure. The bulb glows with some brightness. How will the glow of
the bulb change if (i) a dielectric slab is introduced between the plates of the capacitor keeping
resistance R to be the same (ii) the resistance R is increased keeping the same capacitance?

27. The electron in a given Bohr orbit has a total energy of - 1.5 eV. Calculate its
(i) kinetic energy
(ii) potential energy
(iii) wavelength of radiation emitted, when this electron makes a transition to the ground
state.
[Given, energy in the ground state =− 13.6 eV and Rydberg’s constant = 1.09 # 107 m−1

28. A proton and an alpha particle are accelerated through the same potential. Which one of the
two has (i) greater value of de-Broglie wavelength associated with it and (ii) less kinetic energy?
Give reason to justify your answer.
or
(a) Give a brief description of the basic elementary process involved in the photoelectric
emission in Einstein’s picture.
(b) When a photosensitive material is irradiated with the light of frequency v, the maximum
2
speed of electrons is given by Vmax. A plot of Vmax is found to vary with frequency v as
shown in the figure.
Use Einstein’s photoelectric equation to find the expressions for (i) Planck’s constant and (ii)
work function of the given photosensitive material, in terms of the parameters l, n and mass
m of the electron.
 SECTION-D
Case Study Based Questions.

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.

29. A convex or converging lens is thicker at the centre than at the edges. It converges a parallel
beam of light on refraction through it. It has a real focus. Convex lens is of three types : (i)
Double convex lens (ii) Plano-convex lens (iii) Concavo-convex lens. Concave lens is thinner at
the centre than at the edges. It diverges a parallel beam of light on refraction through it. It has
a virtual focus.
(i) A point object O is placed at a distance of 0.3 m from a convex lens (focal length 0.2 m)
cut into two halves each of which is displaced by 0.0005 m as shown in figure.

What will be the location of the image?

(a) 30 cm right of lens (b) 60 cm right of lens
(c) 70 cm left of lens (d) 40 cm left of lens
 (ii) Two thin lenses are in contact and the focal length of the combination is 80 cm. If the
focal length of one lens is 20 cm, the focal length of the other would be.
(a) –26.7 cm (b) 60 cm
(c) 80 cm (d) 20 cm
(iii) A spherical air bubble is embedded in a piece of glass. For a ray of light passing through
the bubble, it behaves like a
(a) converging lens (b) diverging lens
(c) plano-converging lens (d) plano-diverging lens
(iv) Lens used in magnifying glass is
(a) Concave lens (b) Convex lens
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above
or
The magnification of an image by a convex lens is positive only when the object is placed
(a) at its focus F
(b) between F and 2F
(c) at 2F
(d) between F and optical centre

30. When the diode is forward biased, it is found that beyond forward voltage V = Vk , called knee
voltage, the conductivity is very high. At this value of battery biasing for p-n junction,the
potential barrier is overcome and the current increases rapidly with increase in forward voltage.
When the diode is reverse biased, the reverse bias voltage produces a very small current about
a few micro-amperes which almost remains constant with bias. This small current is reverse
saturation current.
(i) In which of the following figures, the p-n diode is forward biased.

(ii) Based on the V-I characteristics of the diode, we can classify diode as
(a) bi-directional device (b) ohmic device
(c) non-ohmic device (d) passive element
 (iii) The V-I characteristic of a diode is shown in the figure. The ratio of forward to reverse
bias resistance is

(a) 100 (b) 106

(c) 10 (d) 10–6
(iv) In the case of forward biasing of a p-n junction diode, which one of the following figures
correctly depicts the direction of conventional current (indicated by an arrow mark)?

or
If an ideal junction diode is connected as shown, then the value of the current I is

(a) 0.013 A (b) 0.02 A

(c) 0.01 A (d) 0.1 A

SECTION-E
31. A slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area as that of the plates of a parallel
plate capacitor but has the thickness d/2, where d is the separation between the plates. Find
out the expression for its capacitance when the slab is inserted between the plates of the
capacitor.
or
 1. Define capacitance of a capacitor.
2. Derive expression for stored energy between plates of parallel plate capacitor. Show that
energy-density between plates of the capacitor can be expressed as 1/2 ε 0 E 2, when E =
Electric field between plates.

32. 1. Derive an expression for the current density in terms of the drift speed of electrons.
2. Derive Ohm’s law on the basis of the theory of electron drift.
3. Derive an expression for the resistivity of a conductor in terms of number density of free
electrons and relaxation time.
or
A 100 W bulb B1 and two 60 W bulbs B2 and B 3, are connected to a 250 V source as shown in
the figure. Now W1, W2 and W3 are the output powers of the bulbs B1, B2 and B3 respectively.
What is the relation between the output powers of bulbs?

33. (a) How is a wavefront defined ? Distinguish between a plane wavefront and a spherical
wavefront. Using Huygen’s constructions draw a figure showing the propagation of a
plane wave refracting at a plane surface separating two media. Hence verify Snell’s law of
refraction.
When a light wave travels from a rarer to a denser medium, the speed decreases. Does it
imply reduction its energy ? Explain.
(b) When monochromatic light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, explain the following.
(i) Is the frequency of reflected and refracted light same as the frequency of incident
light ?
(ii) Does the decrease in speed imply a reduction in the energy carried by light wave ?
or
(a) In Young’s double slit experiment, two slits are 1 mm apart and the screen is placed 1 m
away from the slits. Calculate the fringe width when light of wavelength 500 nm is used.
(b) What should be the width of each slit in order to obtain 10 maxima of the double slits
pattern within the central maximum of the single slit pattern ?
(c) The intensity at the central maxima in Young’s double slit experiment is I0. Find out the
intensity at a point where the path difference is 6l , 4l and λ3 .

🗆🗆🗆🗆🗆🗆🗆