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ADAMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

School of Applied Natural Sciences
Department of Applied Physics
Work sheet I (Phys1101)

I. KINEMATICS
1. Car traveling at an initial speed v slides a distance d to a halt after its brakes lock. Assuming
that the cars initial speed is instead 2v at the moment the brakes lock, estimate the distance
it slides.
2. An object moves along the x axis according to the equation x = 3t2 + 2t − 3 m. Determine,

(a) the average speed between t = 2 s and t = 3 s,

(b) the instantaneous speed at t = 2 s and at t = 3 s,
(c) the average acceleration between t = 2 s and t = 3 s,
(d) the instantaneous acceleration at t = 2 s and t = 3 s.
3. A certain automobile manufacturer claims that its deluxe sports car will accelerate from rest
to a speed of 42.0 m/s in 8.00 s
(a) Determine the average acceleration of the car.
(b) Assume that the car moves with constant acceleration. Find the distance the car travels
in the first 8.00 s.
(c) What is the speed of the car 10.0 s after it begins its motion if it can continue to move
with the same acceleration?
4. Suppose that the position vector for a particle is given as a function of time by r = x(t)i+y(t)j,
with x(t) = at + b and y(t) = ct2 + d, where a = 1.00m/s, b = 1.00m, c = 0.125m/s2 and
d = 1.00m
(a) Calculate the average velocity during the time interval from t = 2s to t = 4s.
(b) Determine the velocity and the speed at t = 2s.
(c) What is your average velocity (~vavg ) from the beginning of your drive to your arrival at
the station?
5. A fish swimming in a horizontal plane has velocity vi = (4.00i + 1.00j)m/s at a point in the
ocean whose displacement from a certain rock is ri = (10.0i − 4.00j)m. After the fish swims
with constant acceleration for 20.0s, its velocity is v = (20.0i − 5.00j)m/s.
(a) What are the components of the acceleration?
(b) What is the direction of the acceleration with respect to the unit vector i.
(c) Where is the fish at t = 25.0s if it maintains its original acceleration and in what direction
is it moving?
6. An object decelerates at a constant rate from an initial velocity of −7i m/s to a final velocity
of 10i m/s.
(a) What is the objects acceleration if its displacement is 15i m?
(b) What would be the objects acceleration if the total distance it traveled were 15.0 m?
7. A golf ball is hit off a tee at the edge of a cliff. Its x and y coordinates versus time are given by
the following expressions:
x = (18.0m/s)t
and
y = (4.00m/s)t − (4.90m/s2 )t2
(a) Write a vector expression for the balls position as a function of time, using the unit vec-
tors i and j. By taking derivatives of your results, write expressions for
(b) the velocity vector as a function of time and
(c) the acceleration vector as a function of time. Now use unit vector notation to write ex-
pressions for
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(d) the position,

(e) the velocity, and
(f) the acceleration of the ball, all at t = 3.00s.
8. A golfer hits his approach shot at an angle of 50.0, giving the ball an initial speed of v0 =38.2
m/s (as shown figure below). The ball lands on the elevated green, yf =5.50 m above the initial
position near the hole, and stops immediately.

(a) How much time passed while the ball was in the air?
(b) How far did the ball travel horizontally before landing?
(c) What was the peak height reached by the ball?
9. An astronaut on a strange planet finds that she can jump a maximum horizontal distance of
15 m if her initial speed is 3.0 m/s. What is the acceleration due to gravity on the planet?
10. A projectile is fired in such a way that its horizontal range is equal to three times its maximum
height. What is the angle of projection?
11. A circus cat has been trained to leap off a 12 m high platform and land on a pillow as shown
below. The cat leaps off at v0 = 3.5m/s and an angle θ = 25◦
(a) Where should the trainer place the pillow so that the cat lands safely?
(b) What is the cats velocity as she lands in the pillow?

12. A projectile is fired up an incline (incline angle φ) with an initial speed vi at an angle θ with
respect to the horizontal (θ > φ) as shown in figure below.
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(a) Show that the projectile travels a distance d up the incline, where

2vi2 cos θ sin (θ − φ)

d=
g cos2 φ

(b) For what value of θ is d a maximum, and what is that maximum value?
13. At what initial speed must the basketball player in Fig. below throw the ball, at an angle θ0 =
55◦ above the horizontal, to make the foul shot? The horizontal distances are d1 = 1.0 ft and d2
=14 ft, and the heights are h1 =7.0 ft and h2 =10 ft

14. A projectiles launch speed is five times its speed at maximum height. Find launch angle θ.
15. In below fig. a ball is thrown up onto a roof, landing 4s later at height h=20.0 m above the
release level. The balls path just before landing is angled at θ = 60◦ with the roof.
(a) Find the horizontal distance d it travels.
(b) What are the magnitude and
(c) angle (relative to the horizontal) of the balls initial velocity?

II. DYNAMICS
16. A particle’s acceleration is ~a = (3.45i − 1.84j)m/s2 , and the total force exerted on the particle
is F~ = (10.8i − 5.76j)N. what is the particle’s mass?
17. A 2kg object is subjected to three forces that give it an acceleration ~a = −(8m/s2 )i + (6m/s2 )j.
If two of the three forces are F~1 = (30N )i + (16N )j and F~2 = −(12N )i + (8N )j, find the third
force.
18. Three forces, given by F1 = (−2i + 2j)N , F2 = (5i − 3j)N and F3 = (−45i)N , act on an object
to give it an acceleration of magnitude 3.75 m/s2 .
(a) Write the acceleration vector.
(b) What is the mass of the object?
(c) If the object is initially at rest, what is its speed after 10 s?
(d) What are the velocity components of the object after 10 s?
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19. A force F = (4xi + 3yj) N acts on an object as the object moves from the origin to x = 5m
and y = 7m. Find the work done on the object by the force.
20. Two forces F1 and F2 act on a 5.00-kg mass. If F1 20.0 N and F2 15.0 N, find the accelerations
in (a) and (b) of Figure

21. A bag of cement of weight Fg hangs from three wires as shown in Figure below. Two of the
wires make angles θ1 and θ2 with the horizontal. If the system is in equilibrium, show that the
tension in the left-hand wire is
T1 = Fg cos θ2 / sin(θ1 + θ2 )

22. In the system shown in Figure below, a horizontal force Fx acts on the m1 = 8.00kg mass. The
horizontal surface is frictionless.

(a) For what values of Fx does the m2 =2.00kg mass accelerate upward?
(b) For what values of Fx is the tension in the cord zero?
23. Two masses mA and mB are on inclines and are connected together by a string as shown in
figure below. The coefficient of kinetic friction between each mass and its incline is µk = 0.3.
If moves up, and mB moves down, determine their acceleration. [Ignore masses of the (fric-
tionless) pulley and the cord.]
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III. WORK AND ENERGY

24. Figure below shows a smooth curved track terminating in a smooth horizontal part. A spring
of spring constant 400 N/m is attached at one end to a wedge fixed rigidly with the horizontal
part. A 40 g mass is released from rest at a height of 4.9 m on the curved track. Find the
maximum compression of the spring

25. A force F = (4xi + 3yj) N acts on an object as the object moves from the origin to x = 5 m
and y = 7 m. Find the work done on the object by the force.
26. A force acting on a particle moving in the xy plane is given by F = (2y i + x2 j) N , where x
and y are in meters. The particle moves from the origin to a final position having coordinates
x = 5 m and y = 5 m as shown in figure below.

(a) calculate the work done by the F along

(i). OAC (ii). OBC (iii). OC
(b) Is the given force being conservative or non-conservative force? Why?
27. A bead slides without friction around a loop-the-loop. The bead is released from a height
h = 3.5 R as shown in the below figure
(a) What is its speed at point A?
(b) How large is the normal force on it if its mass is 5 g?
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28. A particle of mass 1.18 kg is attached between two identical springs on a horizontal frictionless
tabletop. The springs have force constant k and each is initially unstressed.

(a) If the particle is pulled a distance x along a direction perpendicular to the initial config-
uration of the springs, as in figure above, show that the potential energy of the system
is  p 
U (x) = kx2 + 2kL L − x2 + L2

(b) If the particle is pulled 0.5m to the right and then released, what is its speed when it
reaches the equilibrium point x=0?

IV. LINEAR MOMENTUM

29. A 6 kg clay ball is thrown directly against a perpendicular brick wall at a velocity of 22 m/s
and shatters into three pieces, which all fly backward, as shown in the figure. The wall exerts
a force on the ball of 2640 N for 0.1 s. One piece of mass 2 kg travels backward at a velocity
of 10 m/s and an angle of 32◦ above the horizontal. A second piece of mass 1 kg travels at a
velocity of 8 m/s and an angle of 28◦ below the horizontal. What is the velocity of the third
piece?
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30. A bullet of mass is fired with an initial speed of 500 m/s into a block of mass initially at rest at
the edge of a frictionless table of height. The bullet remains in the block, and after impact the
block lands a distance from the bottom of the table. Determine the initial speed of the bullet
and the distance d at which the block hits the floor.

31. In the overhead view of Fig. below, a 300 g ball with a speed v of 6.0 m/s strikes a wall at an
angle θ of 30◦ and then rebounds with the same speed and angle. It is in contact with the wall
for 10 ms. In unit vector notation, what are

(a) the impulse on the ball from the wall and

(b) the average force on the wall from the ball?
32. In Fig, below, block 1 of mass m1 slides from rest along a frictionless ramp from height h =
2.5 m and then collides with stationary block 2, which has mass m2 = 2m1 .After the collision,
block 2 slides into a region where the coefficient of kinetic friction µk is 0.500 and comes to a
stop in distance d within that region. What is the value of distance d if the collision is
(a) elastic and
(b) completely inelastic?