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    CJC111 Chapter 9 Key Terms

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    kaylyn.bryan0827
    The document defines 20 key terms related to criminal sentencing and punishment philosophies. It includes definitions for retribution, just deserts, deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, restorative justice, and other terms describing different sentencing approaches, types of sentences, factors considered in sentencing, and sentencing guidelines. The document was written by Kaylyn Bryan for her Criminology class and provides definitions of important concepts in criminal justice and sentencing.

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    CJC111 Chapter 9 Key Terms

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    kaylyn.bryan0827
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    The document defines 20 key terms related to criminal sentencing and punishment philosophies. It includes definitions for retribution, just deserts, deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, restorative justice, and other terms describing different sentencing approaches, types of sentences, factors considered in sentencing, and sentencing guidelines. The document was written by Kaylyn Bryan for her Criminology class and provides definitions of important concepts in criminal justice and sentencing.

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    The document defines 20 key terms related to criminal sentencing and punishment philosophies. It includes definitions for retribution, just deserts, deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, restorative justice, and other terms describing different sentencing approaches, types of sentences, factors considered in sentencing, and sentencing guidelines. The document was written by Kaylyn Bryan for her Criminology class and provides definitions of important concepts in criminal justice and sentencing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views2 pages

    CJC111 Chapter 9 Key Terms

    Uploaded by

    kaylyn.bryan0827
    The document defines 20 key terms related to criminal sentencing and punishment philosophies. It includes definitions for retribution, just deserts, deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, restorative justice, and other terms describing different sentencing approaches, types of sentences, factors considered in sentencing, and sentencing guidelines. The document was written by Kaylyn Bryan for her Criminology class and provides definitions of important concepts in criminal justice and sentencing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Assignment 9 Kaylyn Bryan

    CJC-111
    October 9, 2022

    Chapter 9 Key Terms

    Retribution- The philosophy that those who commit criminal acts should be punished for
    breaking society’s rules to the extent required by just deserts.

    Just Deserts- A sanctioning philosophy based on the assertion that criminal punishment should
    be proportionate to the severity of the crime.

    Deterrence- The strategy of preventing crime through the threat of punishment.

    Incapacitation- A strategy for preventing crime by detaining wrongdoers in prison, thereby


    separating them from the community and reducing criminal opportunities.

    Rehabilitation- The philosophy that society is best served when wrongdoers are provided the
    resources needed to eliminate their criminal behavior.

    Restorative Justice- An approach to punishment designed to repair the harm done to the victim
    and the community by the offender’s criminal act.

    Restitution- Monetary compensation for damages done to the victim by the offender’s criminal
    act.

    Indeterminate Sentencing- Imposition of a sentence that prescribes a range of years rather than a
    specified number of years to be served.

    Determinate Sentencing- Imposition of a sentence that is fixed by a sentencing authority and


    cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials.

    “Good Time”- A reduction in time served by prisoners based on good behavior, conformity to
    rules, and other positive behavior.

    Truth-in-Sentencing Law- Legislative attempts to ensure that convicts will serve approximately
    the terms to which they were initially sentenced.

    Presentence Investigative Report- An investigative report on an offender’s background that


    assists a judge in determining the proper sentence.

    “Real Offense”- The actual offense committed, as opposed to the charge levied by a prosecutor
    as the result of a plea bargain.
    Assignment 9 Kaylyn Bryan
    CJC-111
    October 9, 2022
    Mitigating Circumstances- Any circumstances accompanying the commission of a crime that
    may justify a lighter sentence.

    Aggravating Circumstances- Any circumstances accompanying the commission of a crime that


    may justify a harsher sentence.

    Sentencing Disparity- A situation in which those convicted of similar crimes do not receive
    similar sentences.

    Sentencing Discrimination- A situation in which the length of a sentence appears to be


    influenced by a defendant’s race, gender, economic status, or other nonrelevant factor.

    Sentencing Guidelines- Legislatively determined guidelines that judges are required to follow
    when sentencing those convicted of specific crimes.

    Departure- A stipulation in sentencing guidelines that allows a judge to adjust his or her
    sentencing decision based on the special circumstances of a particular case.

    Mandatory (Minimum) Sentencing Guidelines- Statutorily determined punishments that must be


    applied to those who are convicted of specific crimes.

    Habitual Offender Laws- Statutes that require lengthy prison sentences for those who are
    convicted of repeated felonies.

    Victim Impact Statement (VIS)- A statement to the sentencing body in which the victim is given
    the opportunity to describe how the crime has affected her or him.

    Capital Punishment- The use of the death penalty to punish wrongdoers for certain crimes

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