Republic of the Philippines

SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY

City Campus

DETAILED REPORT

TOPIC: THE PEDAGOGY OF LEARNING

TIME: 1 HOUR
REPORTERS: SHANE EFRAEMH R. SERASPE, HEART AGRAMON, JASSON LUAREZ

INTRODUCTION :

As students in teacher education program, you have learned from your previous course in
Facilitating Learning about the concept of metacognition, how we think and the process of
thinking. The human brain is the center of thinking activities. We can explore a body of
knowledge in medicine, neuroscience and cognitive psychology to understand what exactly I
happening in the brain when we engage in thinking. This module explores the pedagogy of
learning and how technology can support the process of learning.

OBJECTIVES :
At the end of this module, the students should be able to:

1. discuss the pedagogy of learning and the types of learning styles;

2. compose an educational essay citing the individuality of learners; and
3. construct a concept map generalizing the pedagogy of learning.

Content/Discussion

What Is The Pedagogy Of Learning

Pedagogy of learning refers to how teachers teach and students learn. It involves
using different techniques and methods to help students understand and remember
information. It also includes creating a positive and engaging learning environment
where students can actively participate and think critically. In simple terms, pedagogy is
about how teachers teach and students learn effectively.

The Thinking Process

 An activity that occurs in the brain.

 The brain is a multi – layered ecosystem of hierarchically organized neurons, circuits,

networks, and brain a multi–layered areas.

 It involves interactions between signaling pathways that carry information about the
world and the neurons that represent information in “working” (short-term) memory.
 Republic of the Philippines
SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
City Campus

 And amidst the battle of neurons and spike signals, decision–making comes out to be a
“winner take all” process where many different neuron clusters representing alternate
action choices increase the spiking activity of the neurons representing the choice.

 The brain is like a complex ecosystem made up of different layers. At the core, we have
individual cells called neurons, which are the building blocks of the brain. These
neurons work together to form circuits, which are like interconnected pathways. So, in
simple terms, the brain is like a layered ecosystem where individual neurons form
circuits, circuits form networks, and networks come together to form different brain
areas, all working together to help us think, learn, and function in our daily lives.

Camp of psychologists defines thinking in the following:

 Thinking is the activity of human reason as a process of strengthening the relationship

between the stimulus and response.

 Thinking can be interpreted to remember something, and questioned whether there is a

relationship between what is intended.

 Thinking is processing information mentally or cognitively by rearranging the

information from the environment and the symbols are stored in the memory of his past.

 Thinking is a symbolic representation of some event, train of ideas in a picture and

careful way that began with the problem (Psychological Review, 2011).

 Thinking is the process of using our reasoning abilities to strengthen the connection
between a stimulus (something that triggers our thoughts) and our response (how we
react or act upon that stimulus). It involves using our mental abilities to analyze,
evaluate, and make sense of information, which helps us form a more informed and
appropriate response. In simpler terms, thinking is the way our mind works to
understand things better and make better decisions or actions based on what we
experience or encounter.

 Thinking is the mental process of taking in information from our surroundings and
rearranging it in our minds. We use our memory to store symbols or representations of
past experiences. When we think, we retrieve these symbols and manipulate them to
make sense of new information or solve problems. In simpler terms, thinking is like
mentally rearranging puzzle pieces, using our memory of past experiences, to
understand and make sense of the world around us.
 Republic of the Philippines
SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
City Campus
Models of how thinking works:

1. Information Processing Model – the mind is a computer where thoughts and memories are
chunked into smaller units of knowledge. (Cherry, 2016)

In this model, thoughts and memories are broken down into smaller units of knowledge,
similar to how a computer processes and stores information in chunks. Just as a computer
processes data through different stages, our minds go through stages of encoding, storage, and
retrieval of information. We take in information, organize it into meaningful chunks, and store
it in our memory for later use. When we need to recall or use that information, our mind
retrieves and processes it. In simpler terms, the Information Processing Model suggests that our
mind works like a computer, breaking down thoughts and memories into smaller units and
storing them for later use.

2. Thinking is conscious and it is active – it is a cognitive process that makes connections and
create meaning. It is dialogic and it is linguistic. (Fernyhough, 2010).

Thinking is a conscious and active cognitive process that involves making connections
and creating meaning. It is like having a conversation with ourselves in our minds. We use
language, either internally or externally, to think and communicate our thoughts. Through this
dialogic process, we explore ideas, analyze information, and generate new insights. Thinking
allows us to understand the world, solve problems, and make decisions. In simpler terms,
thinking is an active and conscious process where we use language to connect ideas, create
meaning, and engage in an internal dialogue with ourselves.

Thinking (Types and Styles of Learning)

 Learning means observed changes in a person as a result of environmental events and

interventions.

 Learning has been defined functionally as changes in behavior that result from
experience or mechanically as changes in the organism that result from experience.

 In educational psychology, learning is a step-by-step process in which an individual

experiences permanent, lasting changes in knowledge, behaviors or in ways of
processing the world.

 For decades, we in education seem to focus on the three major learning styles−visual,
auditory and kinesthetic.

a. Visual learners: Visual learners learn best through seeing and observing. They
prefer to use visual aids such as diagrams, charts, and images to understand and
remember information. They benefit from watching videos, reading books, and
using color-coded notes. Visual learners often have a good sense of spatial
awareness and can easily visualize concepts.

b. Auditory learners: Auditory learners learn best through listening and hearing.
They prefer to learn through spoken explanations, discussions, and lectures.
They benefit from listening to podcasts, participating in group discussions, and
 Republic of the Philippines
SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
City Campus
using verbal repetition to reinforce information. Auditory learners often have a
good memory for spoken words and can easily remember information they have
heard.

c. Kinesthetic learners: Kinesthetic learners learn best through physical

movement and hands-on experiences. They prefer to learn by doing, touching,
and manipulating objects. They benefit from activities such as experiments, role-
playing, and interactive exercises. Kinesthetic learners often have good
coordination and enjoy activities that involve physical engagement.

 There are two types of learning by conditioning according to Russian scientist named
Pavlov (1849-1936) − classical conditioning and operant conditioning.

1) Classical Conditioning is learning by associating a particular object around us and

predicting what will happen next.

2) Operant Conditioning is associated with the principle of rewards and punishments.

 There are seven styles in learning that is based on the Multiple Intelligences of
Howard Gardner namely logical, linguistic, spatial, musical bodily, interpersonal,
intrapersonal.

1) Verbal/ Linguistic- a type of learner who loves to read, write, and tell stories. They
can communicate well, orally and in writing.

2) Logical/ Mathematical- those are the students who are mathematically inclined. They
could handle such complex and logical arguments.

3) Visual/ Spatial- these are visual learners. They can learn easily if they see some images
or video presentations.

4) Musical- type of learner who loves music. They can learn best when listening to music,
melody, and rhythm.

5) Bodily- these are physically active learners. They love to move and walk around. They
prefer sports to sitting, listening, or reading books.

6) Interpersonal- called “social butterflies”. They can easily adjust to any type of social
situation.

7) Intrapersonal- independent learners. They prefer to study alone rather than with
friends.
 Republic of the Philippines
SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
City Campus
WRITTEN WORKS

1. Explain this based on your perspective “Thinking is learning and learning is thinking”.

2. What is the role of assessment in pedagogy?

3. How can technology be effectively integrated into pedagogy?

4. What is learning pedagogy? How does technology support the process of learning?

5. What are some strategies for promoting active learning in the classroom?