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6 English 4th QTR Notes PDF

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~1~

FAUJI FOUNDATION EDUCATION SYSTEM KHANEWAL

ENGLISH NOTES (4th Quarter 2024)

Class Six Subject English


nd th
Term / Quarter 2 /4 Chapter(s) no. 6A,6B,6C,6D,7A,7B
Developed by: Miss Sidra Mushtaq FFS Khanewal

UNIT: 6(A) Professions & Dignity of Labour

1. Match the occupation with its description.

occupation activity
photographer take pictures
teacher / professor
teach classes
fire fighter put out fires
gardener plant flowers
chef cook meals
dentist pull teeth
mechanic fix cars
fisherman catch fish
journalist write new stories
doctor take care of patients
People work in different industries, departments and services and hold different job
titles. Given below are the names of some industries and occupations. Can you identify
which jobs will come under each department/service? Think of as many jobs as you
can for each category.
Departments Jobs
1 Customer Service Billing issues, inquiries and informations of some departments,
e.g. Railway, P.I.A etc.
2 Business Shop keeping, sale-purchase, export and import of goods.
3 Public service Railways, airlines, transportation, police, Wapda, sui gas, OGRA.
4 Education School teaching, college teachers, university teacher, medical
and nursing college, examination system.
5 Health service Hospitals, dentist, poleu workers, vaccinators, medical store.
~2~

6 Skilled services Industrial workers, engineers, scientist, electronics industry.


7 Arts and entertainment Film industry, drama industry, arts councils, T.V corporation.
8 Industrial and construction HMC, Car industry, motorcycle industry, real state, irrigation
department, etc.
Use of Language
1. Match the phrasal verb with their meanings.
Phrasal verb Meanings
1 burn out be extremely tired
2 call off cancel
3 carry out start working harder
4 draw up tell someone about an idea or plan so that they can give you their
opinion.
5 fill in for to do somebody’s job for a short time with they are not there.
6 hand in employ someone
7 knock off stop working
8 lay off stop employing someone because there is not enough work for them
to do.
9 run by take control of something
10 slack off do something with less energy and effort.
11 take on do a particular piece of work, research etc.
12 work out prepare something in writing especially an official document.
13 take over give something to a person in authority
2. Fill In the banks with the correct phrasal verb.

a. If he doesn't stop working so hard, he'll burn out himself knock off.
b. The contract was called off last year.
c. The meeting was called off at the last minute.
d. We need to work out more research before we decide on this product.
e. you must all knock off your projects by the end of next week.
f. I am going to have to take on some serious study.
g. The new management decided to lay off a number of workers from the factory.
h. His father intended that he should take over the business soon.
i. You are new employee. You will be hand in as a trainee.
j: You need to draw up by your line manger first.
~3~

UNIT: 6(B) Strangest Jobs in the World


English to English and Urdu words meanings.
Words English Meanings Urdu Meanings
1 strangest odd / unusual
‫بیجع رت نی‬
2 pursue follow / go after
‫ریپ و ی رک نا‬
3 perspective view / outlook
‫ظا ہر ی انت رظ‬
4 habitats home / natural environment
‫ر اہ شئ یک ہگج‬
5 patience tolerance
‫ بر دا شت‬، ‫ربص‬
6 characteristic feature / element / quality
‫اخ تیص‬
7 venture adventure
‫خطر نا ک مہم‬
8 remote distant / far off
‫دور درا ر‬
9 sculptor carver / modeler
‫ہمسجم سا ر‬
10 competitions contests
‫اقم ےلب‬
11 advertisements promotions
‫ریہشت‬
12 incredible unbelievable
‫نا اق ن ِل نیقی‬
13 spewing emit / discharge
‫ا ُ اتلگ وہ ا‬
14 restrictions limitations
‫نا دنب نا ں‬
‫ج‬
15 sizzling very hot
‫ ُھلسا دےنی وا یل‬، ‫تہب رگ م‬
DICTATION WORDS

1 landscapes 11 reputation
2 venture 12 sculpt
3 photographers 13 destination
4 equipments 14 campaign
5 challenge 15 commercial
~4~

6 design 16 tourist
7 topple 17 advertisements
8 straightforward 18 certificate
9 championship 19 instructor
10 Guinness 20 methodically
Vocabulary
The given words are from the text. Add -ed' to change their to the past tense.
Look for their meanings in a dictionary and then use them in making compound
sentences.

Present tense Past tense after adding -ed Urdu Meanings


1 live lived ‫ر انہ‬
2 carry carried ‫ا اھٹ رک ےل اج نا‬
3 prepare prepared ‫ایت ر رک نا‬
4 require required ‫اطم ہبل رک نا‬
5 create created ‫قیلخت رک نا‬
6 hire hired ‫رک ا ہی رپ انیل‬
7 pay paid ‫ا دا رک نا‬
8 enter entered ‫دا لخ وہ نا‬
9 skill skilled ‫اہم ر ت‬

words Sentences
1 live - lived Ali lived in hostel for three year but did not live in her aunt's house.
2 carry - carried The master could not carry the heavy load but his servant carried it
easily.
3 prepare - prepared The teacher prepared the students for the test but I Ali did not prepare
his test,
4 require - required The father said, "I shall give you your required amount but do not
require from my son."
~5~

5 create - created Almighty Allah has created this universe, who could create it except
him.
6 hire - hired Ali hired a taxi for father and trying to hire a car for rest of the family.
7 pay - paid Ali has paid for the taxi and has to pay for the car.
8 enter - entered As he entered the school, he was ordered to enter in the class.

9 skill - skilled One should learn the skill of speech as the skilled persons are
received warmly.

2. The puzzle contains the words from the text. Find and circle the words.
They can be written horizontally or vertically.

Comprehension Questions
Q: a. Why do you think a wildlife photographer needs to learn about animals?

Ans: A wild life photographer needs to learn about animals because some wild
animals can attack over the person.

Q: b. What does the word 'camouflage' mean? Why is it important for wildlife
photographers to camouflage?

Ans: Camouflage means to hide himself in the environment. It is Important for wildlife
photographers as they may protect themselves from any incident.
~6~

Q: c. How is a straight-forward job like making sand sculptors harder than it


looks?

Ans: It seems to be straight forward making sand sculptors that take sand and water
and make sculptors but sand sculptors making is not easy.

Q: d. Why is the Job of a volcanologist difficult?

Ans: Job of volcanologist is difficult because when at the time of erupt the people
escape away for the place but volcanologist has to stay at the spot in very dangerous
conditions. He may victim of lava of flying rocks.

Q: e. How does the research of volcanologist help people and governments?

Ans: The research of volcanologist may help the people and government as he can
predict when the eruption will happened and government can take the safety
measures.

Use of language:

1. Complete the sentences in the past continuous tense. The first one is done
for you.

 I was creating amazing models out of sand and water before this job.

 He was making money by wining competitions in sculpting during winter break.

 They were completing their models in less than 24 hours.

 An airline was paying for sculptors to create sand passengers jetting as

marketing campaign every year.

 He was flying a commercial balloon for the last many years.

 She was attending hot air balloon school to qualify for the job quickly.

 I was training for three months to obtain private pilot's license,

 You need more experience if you were planning to fly above certain heights.
~7~

2. Read the following sentence in different tenses and change them into the
past continuous tense. The first one is done for you.

1 The commercial balloon pilot The commercial balloon pilot was flying high.
flies high.
2 A hot air balloon pilot takes A hot air balloon pilot was taking part in
part in competitions. competitions.
3 She attends hot air balloon She was attending hot air balloon school.
school.
4 They check airspace They were checking airspace restrictions
restrictions regularly. regularly.
5 I performed at the school I was performing at the school function.
function.
6 My friends played on the field. My friends were playing on the field.

7 The pilot will visit the field. The pilot was visiting the field.

Use of language:

1. Write the simple past and past participle of the following verbs.

Simple form Simple past Past participle


1 construct constructed constructed
2 create created created
3 enter entered entered
4 need needed needed
5 require required required

2. Choose the correct structure to form the correct present perfect tense.
Has / have carried
Has / have entered
Has / have prepared
Has / have identified
Has / have ventured
Has / have designed
~8~

3. Fill in the blanks with the right form of the tense in the following sentences.

a. An astronaut has floated out of the sleeping bag while sleeping.

b. I had eaten my food alone when they got here.

c. He has swallowed the paste when l am done.

d. Eating in space means, she has added hot water to the dehydrated packed food ahead of time
to make it edible.

e. I have spent plenty of time looking down on Earth by the time I finish my task.

f. I had woke up before the alarm even started.

g. I had woke on my schedule before the meeting.

i. The main reason they had sent me to live on space is to conduct scientific research before
sending other team members.

j. I had worked on my experiments in the lab throughout the afternoon by the time they arrived.

4. Use the following verbs in sentences by transforming the verbs into the past
perfect tense. The first one is done for you.

Words Sentences
1 meet I had met my mom before leaving for space.
2 practice The players had practiced well before started the match.
3 break The thief had broken into house before the police came.
4 spill The milk had already spilled.
5 go The students had gone to visit Lahore.
6 survive The patient had survived although he had faced a sever accident.
7 carry The man had carried the heavy box to put in the room.
8 support People had supported the injured before the ambulance arrived.
9 touch The man had not touched the flower.
Your turn to write:

Based on the day of an astronaut make a daily routine or timetable of how a


typical day looks like for you. Make sure that you keep a record of different
activities you did on that day. You can use the template above to record your day.
~9~

Morning:

- 7:00 AM: Wake up and stretch.

- 7:30 AM: Enjoy a cup of tea and have a light breakfast.

- 8:00 AM: Get ready for the day, shower, and get dressed.

Daytime:

- 9:00 AM: Start work in school.

- 12:00 PM: Take a break for lunch and chat with friends.

- 1:00 PM: Continue with work of school tasks.

- 3:00 PM: Take a short break, maybe go for a walk or have a snack.

Evening:

- 6:00 PM: Finish work of school for the day.

- 6:30 PM: Play some games.

- 7:30 PM: Enjoy dinner.

- 8:30 PM: Relax and unwind, read a book.

- 10:00 PM: Get ready for bed, brush teeth, and wind down.

Night:

- 10:30 PM: Settle into bed and reflect on the day.

- 11:00 PM: Lights out, time to sleep and recharge for the next day.

UNIT: 6(C) The Unworthy King


English to English and Urdu words meanings.

Words English Meanings Urdu Meanings


1 dignity honour
‫ زع ت‬، ‫تمظع‬
2 slaves servant
‫غال م‬
3 arrogance pride, egotism
‫ وخ د دنسپ ی‬، ‫ربکت‬
~ 10 ~

4 rival opponent
‫ اخم فل‬، ‫رح فی‬
5 dissuade prevent ,stop
‫ نا ہر رانھک‬، ‫یسک اک م ےس عنم رک نا‬
6 fortune wealth, fate
‫ د و لت‬، ‫تمسق‬
7 command order
‫مکح د انی‬
8 intending planning
‫وخ ا شہ رک ےت وہ ےئ‬
9 majesty kingliness
‫نا د سا ہ سال مت‬
10 deserve have a right to
‫قح ر انھک‬
11 stunned shocked
‫وہ ش اغ بت وہ ےئگ‬
12 dungeon prison, underground cell
‫ دیق اخ ہن‬، ‫ر ری ر نیم‬
13 penance compensate
‫ وت ہب‬، ‫افک ر ہ‬
14 infamy disrepute
‫ روسا یئ‬، ‫دب نا یم‬
15 repentance regret
‫دن ا مت‬
DICTATION WORDS

1 arrogance 11 adversary
2 challenge 12 disgraceful
3 reckless 13 judging
4 appearance 14 dishonourable
5 irritated 15 remorseful
6 executioner 16 swapped
7 calmly 17 imprisoned
8 condemned 18 sincere
9 capacity 19 accompaniment
10 reputation 20 intelligence
~ 11 ~

Prefix
The story contains a number of prefixes. Identify and write them in the table
along with their meaning. Also write their synonyms. You need to use a
dictionary and a thesaurus for this.

Prefix word Meaning Synonyms


1 unworthy incredible
‫نا ا لہ‬
2 unjust cruel
‫نا ا اصن ف‬
3 disgraceful
‫د لت آ زیم‬ insulting
4 dishonourable
‫نا اق ن ِل ا رتح ا م‬ unrespected

Read the words given in the box and write how many syllables each one has.

Words Syllables Words Syllables


powerful 3 reckless 3
intelligent 3 executioner 4
arrogant 3 adversary 3
noticeable 3 condemned 4

Comprehension Questions.

1. Answer the following question.

Q: a. What was the king fond of playing?

Ans: The king was fond of playing chess.

Q: b. What fortune did he promise to give to the opponent who proved worthy
to play with him?

Ans: He promised to give on tenth of his fortune to the winner.

Q: c. What would the King do to the players who came to play with him?
~ 12 ~

Ans: The king had to head chopped off of the loser.

Q: d. Why do you think was the king so arrogant?

Ans: The king was arrogant as he felt no one was a worthy rival who could play with
him.

Q: e. What does ragged appearance mean?

Ans: The ragged appearance meant to teach a lesson to the king and tell him about
forgiveness.

Q: f. How did the beggar manage to beat the king?

Ans: The beggar beat the king by telling him his mistakes and actions towards the
people of his country.

Q: g. What is the moral of the story?

Ans: The moral of the story in “pride hath a fall”.

Q: h. Analyse the story and identify the similarities with the world today.
Which sentences of the story told you about those similarities? Explain.

Ans: Arrogance and pride are the similarities of the story and the present world. I
like the sentence most is, "it is not people who are unworthy, it is their deeds.

Use of language

a. The King felt that no one was able to beat him. (feel)
b. The King sent a message across his kingdom to play with him. (send)
c. Many risked their lives to challenge the proud king. (risk)
d. The king did not like the beggar's ragged appearance. (rag)
e. The king was irritated by the beggar's appearance. (irritate)
f. The King understood how dishonorable he had become. (understand)

PUNCTUATION:

The given paragraph has missing commas. Add in the comma where required.

Years later, a poor beggar came to the palace, intending to play against the King.
People had tried to dissuade the beggar, trying to save him from a certain death.
~ 13 ~

But it was no good, and he came before the King, who, seeing the beggar's ragged
appearance, couldn't believe that it had even crossed the man's mind that he could
be a worthy rival.

Writing:

Based on the story of the unworthy King. Develop your own story on the theme of the
dignity of labour. Remember to write your story in the past simple tense. You can add
adjectives and adverbs to make your story interesting.

Ans: Dignity of Labour

An old farmer had three sons. All three were idle and do nothing. Once the farmer

fell ill. The farmer sent for his sons and told them, I buried a treasure and forgot the

place. After their father's burial, the sons dug out the fields but nothing could be find.

The sowing season has set in. They cultivated seeds and waited for the result.

Because it was ploughed well. The grain was in a good quantity. Now, the sons

knew that their father wanted to tell them about the fruits of labour.

UNIT: 6(D) Poem


English to English and Urdu words meanings.

Words English Meanings Urdu Meanings


1 field pasture
‫تیھک‬
2 roaring loud sound
‫رگ اتج وہا‬
3 tranquil quiet , peaceful
‫ ےب سح و رح کت‬، ‫اخ وم یش‬
4 cheerful happy
‫وخ ش وہ نا‬
5 loom light
‫ر و ینش‬
6 astray wandering
‫بھٹکا وہ ا‬
~ 14 ~

7 doom destruction, ruin


‫ زسا اک مکح‬، ‫ابت یہ‬
8 spirit courage
‫جذ ہب‬
9 shadows shade
‫سا ےئ‬
10 eventide evening, dusk
‫سا م اک و قت‬
11 prove confirm
‫نا بت رک نا‬
12 greet welcome
‫وخ ش آ دم نذ انہک‬
13 vagrant homeless, beggar
‫آ و ا ر ہ‬
14 beckon wave, signal
‫ا سا ر و ں ےس نال نا‬
15 blessing protection
‫ر جمت‬
DICTATION WORDS

1 roaring 11 hours
2 tranquil 12 shadows
3 vagrant 13 eventide
4 beckon 14 rest
5 astray 15 field
6 blessing 16 loom
7 spirit 17 marketplace
8 cheerful 18 forest
9 greet 19 doom
10 labouring 20 prove
Vocabulary
1. Find the synonyms of the given words from a dictionary and use them each
in sentence.
Words Synonyms Sentences
1 tranquil peaceful I like to work in the tranquil room.
I wish that my country should be peaceful for everyone.
2 vagrant beggar Vagrant is a homeless person.
It is considered the religious duty to give alarms to the
beggars.
~ 15 ~

3 beckon wave No person attends to beckon when he is working.


All the students were waving when the teacher set off from the
school.
4 blessing protection Our country is a great blessing of Allah Almighty.
We feel protection when our army in active
5 doom destruction Everywhere were doom after the flood.
Turkey boosted up again after the destruction of earthquake.

6 eventide dusk Normally a person works till eventide.


The birds fly here and there in search of food from dawn to dusk.

2. Write an objective summary of the poem in no more than 40 words, Remember to write it
in your own words. Remember, you do not have to add in your views. Just summaries
what poet is saying?

Summary of the Poem

In this poem, the poet describes the dignity of labour. Work in summer is the
blessing not doom. One should not leave work in any case. After completing the
work, the poet feds himself fully satisfy. He wishes to play, love and take rest after
completing the work.

Use of Language

2.Underlined the gerunds in each sentence below and identify their


functions.

 Walking the cat is my regular routine. As subject complement


 I particularly enjoy travelling. As subject complement
 I am so tired of climbing! As object of a verb
 Lately, she has been having trouble sleeping. As object of a preposition
 Drawing would be a good activity for you. As subject complement
 Sleeping is our first priority. As subject complement
 My favourite pastime is reading. As object of a verb
 Washing clothes will have to wait until Sunday. As subject complement
 Listening to music is a remedy for loneliness. As subject complement
~ 16 ~

3. Make sentences using the following gerunds.

Functions gerund Sentences


As subject of a verb Finding Finding lost things is a fun.
As object of a verb Knowing People enjoy knowing history of their forefathers.
As object of a Seeing It is pleasant to seeing child new play in the
preposition evening.
As subject complement Falling Falling hair is a big problem now a day.
UNIT: 7 Self, People and Places

UNIT: 7(A) Abraham Lincoin’s Letter to his Son’s Teacher


English to English and Urdu words meanings.

Words English Meanings Urdu Meanings


1 analyse consider
‫زجت ہی رک نا‬
2 phrase sentence
‫نا ینعم ا افل ظ اک ومجم ہع‬
3 distinctive unique, special
‫امن نا ں‬
4 rhetorical style of speaking
‫ا دن ا ِر ایب ں‬
5 adventure venture
‫ اک ِر امن نا ں‬، ‫مہم‬
6 crooked cheater
‫ اچ ابل ر‬، ‫اکم ر‬
7 dedicated devoted
‫کمہنم‬
8 gracefully charmingly
‫ُبر ششک رط ےقی ےس‬
9 steer to direct
‫ر امنہ یئ رک نا‬
10 scoundrel evil person, villain
‫ ہنیمک‬، ‫دب اعم ش‬
11 scoff mock, ridicule, roast,
‫ طٹعہ‬، ‫زنط‬
12 cynics someone who is critical
‫زنط رک ےن و ا ال‬
13 sublime glorious
‫ اتم رث ُکن‬، ‫اع اشیل ں‬
~ 17 ~

14 bidder auction
‫وب یل اگل ےن و ا ال‬
15 envy prejudice, ill will, evil eye
‫دسح‬
DICTATION WORDS

1 continent 11 impatient
2 scoundrel 12 laughter
3 politician 13 crooked
4 honorable 14 tragedy
5 gracefully 15 adventure
6 despair 16 dedicated
7 extreme 17 envy
8 mystery 18 success
9 filters 19 strength
10 courage 20 sublime
Vocabulary
1. Look up the meaning of the following words in a dictionary and use them in
sentences.

Words Sentences
a tragedy Every person have to face any tragedy in the life.
b scoundrel There is also a hero for a scoundrel.
c sublime Person who have sublime character is not forgotten by the
society.
d crooked Dedicated leaders always counter the crooked politician.
e despair One should not be despair from the failures.
f wonders Books are the wonders of the world.
g filters A good man always filters his thoughts on the screen of
truth.
h impatient Be cool and calm, not impatient in all circumstances.
~ 18 ~

Comprehension Questions:

2. Answer these questions.

Q: a. Why is it Important for a child to know that the world is also filled with heroes,
dedicated leaders and friends?

Ans: It is important for a child to know that the world is felled with heroes dedicated leaders and
friends as he has to become the follower of such persons.

Q: b. In what sense is it honourable to fail rather than to cheat?

Ans: It is honourable better fail rather than to cheat because cheated success always pinches and
unsatisfactory.

Q: c. What is the literal meaning of each of the following statement?

 Close his ears to a howling mob and to stand and fight if he thinks he's right.
 ‘Teach him that for every enemy, there is a friend’
 ‘Only the test of fire makes fine steel’

Ans:

 He should decide, what is right and once he decides, he should fight for the right.
 He should learn, how the enemy can be make a friend. Because heart winning is a fun.
 A man can become mature after too many failures and experiments.

Q: d. Identify the lines which highlight the following positive qualities and values.

 To be able to accept failure and defeat


 To be positive and optimistic
 To have faith and belief in oneself

Ans:

 To be able to accept failure and defeat.


 To have faith and belief in oneself

Q: e. List down the values that the Abraham Lincoln wants the teacher to teach his son.

Ans:

1. Teach him that for every enemy there is a friend.


2. Teach him that for every scoundrel there is a hero.
3. Teach him if you can earn 10 cents is far more value than a dollar found.
4. Teach him it is far more honourable than to cheat.
5. Teach him to be gentle with people.
~ 19 ~

6. Teach him there is no shame in tears.


7. Teach him to scoff at cynics.
8. Teach him to listen to everyone, but to filters only the good that comes through.
9. Teach him to sell his talents to the highest bidder but never to put a price tag on his heart and
soul.
10. Teach him to have sublime faith in himself and God.

1. Identify the figure of speech used in the following sentences.

a. For every enemy, there is a friend as for every scoundrel there is a hero. Metaphor

b. For every crooked politician, there is a dedicated leader. Metaphor

c. Teach him that it is far honourable to fail than to cheat. Metaphor

d. Teach him if you can that 10 cents earned is of far more value than a dollar found. Metaphor

e. Teach him how to laugh when he is sad. Euphemism

f. Teach him that there can be glory in failure and despair in success. Euphemism

g. Life is an adventure that can take you across continents. Metaphor

h. Teach him the secret of quite laughter. Irony

i. Teach him the wonders of books. Metaphor

j. Teach him to tell the truth and talk only the truth. Alliteration

2. Explain the meaning of the following statements and identify the figure of speech used.

a. Teach him to sell his brawn and brain to the highest bidders but never to put a price tag on
his heart and soul.

Ans: The statement describes that the teacher should teach his pupils they should maintain the
qualities of high moral values. They should follow the law and avoid unlawful acts.

Figure of speech: Metaphor

b. Teach him always to have sublime faith in himself because then he will have sublime faith
in mankind.

Ans: Self-confidence makes a person soft, gentle and nice. When a person has good qualities
people respect him. In return, he also respects the people. When he learns how to respect the
people, his faith in God increases.

Figure of speech: Metaphor


~ 20 ~

c. Let him have the courage to be impatient, let him have the patience to be brave.

Ans: He should possess the quantities to face every situation.

Figure of speech: Irony

3. Write your own figure of speech and explain the literal meaning.

1 Simile Her teeth glitter like stars


2 Metaphor Ali is lion in his valour.
3 Personification Her words were shining.
4 Irony The life is as clean as dark night.
5 Alliteration Tick tick sound was tapping the table top.
6 Hyperbole Your words have sea like meanings.
7 Euphemism He reached to the heavens and forgot to come back.

Writing

Abraham Lincoln wrote a letter to his son's teacher on the first day of his school.
In response to Abraham Lincoln’s letter, pretend that you are a teacher and
prepare a letter that would address his concerns. Make sure that you use various
figures of speech in the letter.

Ans: Respected sir,

Your son has come to me for study. I think he is may be a hard working
student. He is genius and friendly, He possesses all the qualities of a
potential hero. Every person has some negative aspects. But I think, we can
overcome his negative thoughts. We shall teach him the glory of failures
and despair in success. We shall make him the honourable and respectable
personality. We are going to make him calm and courageous as well as
polite and kind hearted.
~ 21 ~

UNIT: 7(B) Galileo Galilei, The Father of Modern Science


English to English and Urdu words meanings.

Words English Meanings Urdu Meanings


1 curiosity interest, spirit of inquiry
‫سسجت‬
2 considered careful thought
‫ایخ ل ایک ایگ‬
3 distant far off
‫ُد و ر د ر ا ر‬
4 frequent usual
‫وتم ا رت‬
5 relevant related
‫ہقلعتم‬
6 monks religious man
‫ر ا ہت‬
7 monastery religious house
‫اخ اقن ہ‬
8 disappeared vanish
‫اغ بت وہ نا‬
9 announced declared
‫ا غال ں ایک‬
10 inventor creator, maker
‫وم جذ‬
11 believed trust
‫نیقی ر ےتھک ےھت‬
12 arguing disagree
‫د ال لئ دےتی ر ےہ‬
13 invent create
‫ا اجی د رک نا‬
14 unpopular ignored
‫ریغ وبقم ل‬
15 brilliant genius
‫د نیہ‬
DICTATION WORDS

1 mathematician 11 frequent
2 astronomer 12 thermometers
3 observations 13 orbiting
4 discoveries 14 planet
~ 22 ~

5 monastery 15 regularly
6 priest 16 perhaps
7 direction 17 disappeared
8 medicine 18 scientist
9 curious 19 believed
10 satellites 20 Florence
Vocabulary
2. Look up the meaning of the following words and use them in sentences.

Words Meanings Sentences


pioneered Galileo pioneered the research of universe by
‫ ر ا ہتس اص ف ایک‬، ‫اینب د ریھک‬ inventing the telescope.
orbiting Four moons are orbiting around the Jupiter.
‫رگ دش رک رےہ‬
monastery Galileo went to a monastery to get education.
‫اخ اقن ہ‬
cosmos This cosmos is so vast that it has no end.
‫اک انئ ت‬
satellites Satellites are the heavenly bodies orbit around
‫ایس ر ےچ‬ the planets.

Comprehension Questions:

Q: a. Who was Galileo? When and where was he born?

Ans: Galileo was a mathematician and astronomer, who was born in Pisa, Italy in
1564.

Q: b. Where did Galileo receive his education?

Ans: Galileo received his education from monastery in Pisa, Italy.

Q: c. Explain what people used to believe would happen when two objects
were dropped from a height before Galileo's experiment.

Ans: People believed that if two objects of different masses are dropped from a
certain height, the heavier one will drop first and the lighter one will drop later.

Q: d. What discoveries did the telescope allow Galileo to make about space?
~ 23 ~

Ans: Telescope allowed Galileo to watch satellites moving around the planets like
four moons around the Jupiter and one around the earth.

Q: e. Who first believed that the sun travelled around the Earth?

Ans: The people believed that the sun travelled around the earth.

Q: f. Which did Galileo discover about the moon?

Ans: Galileo discovered that moon is a satellite that orbits around the earth.

Use of Language

2. Write a sentence with each prepositional phrase given below.

1. because of: Galileo became un-popular because of his some ideas.


2. throughout the time: Galileo will be remembered throughout the time for his
service
3. in spite of: Ali completed his education in spite of his poor family income.
4. instead of: My brother got admission in fine arts instead of engineering.
5. with respect to: With respect he offered his services to the company.
6. over the bridge: The ambulance does not go over the bridge.
7. behind: All the criminals should be behind the bars.

Writing:

Prepare a newspaper for your school.

Students must read different newspaper articles and learn how to format
newspaper.

Ans: The Pakistan Times Daily

May 1, 2023, Monday.

Today's Main Headings:

Labour Day is being celebrated across the world.


~ 24 ~

Political condition of the country is going to be worst day by day.

Sports: TodayT-20 match is being played between Pakistan and India cricket
teams.

Criminal Corner: Five persons killed in a collision between two speedy cars. There
were two women and a child among the victims.

Weather Forecast: The weather will be dry and hot for 24 hours.

English Urdu Vocabulary as per SOS

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