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The Design of 1 MW Solar Power Plant

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 International Journal of Scientific Research in Mechanical and Materials Engineering
© 2022 IJSRMME | ISSN : 2457-0435

The Design of 1 MW Solar Power Plant

Jitendra Sunte
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lingaraj Appa Engineering College Bidar,
Karnataka, India

Article Info ABSTRACT

Volume 6, Issue 4 An area of 6acre land required for installation of solar power plant to generate
Page Number : 27-35 1 Mega watt electricity for industrial or domestic purpose. This paper is dealing
Publication Issue : with design materials for plant building, layout of power plant , components
July-August-2022 spare parts accessories for plant main parts. further plant enhances eco friendly
Article History pollution free electricity generation. This will be renewable energy source
Accepted : 05 July 2022 available in plenty amount for account consideration.
Published : 15 July 2022 Keywords : Plant Accessories, Layout, Panel

I. INTRODUCTION its production is restricted. Also, we don’t have

enough assets to store so much strength. Therefore,
A solar power plant with a 1MW capacity or greater because of the upcoming energy intake, it'd be a
may be taken into consideration as a “Ground sensible thing to install a sun power plant
Mounted Solar Power Plant, Solar Power Station or
Energy Generating Station”. These solar energy
structures produce a big amount of power that is more
than enough to strength any corporation
independently or can eventually be bought to the
government. Today, each person can installation a
solar electricity plant with a ability of 1KW to 1MW
on their land or rooftops. Ministry of New and
Renewable Energy (MNRE) and state nodal groups
are also presenting 20%-70% subsidy on solar for
residential, institutional, and non-profit groups to
promote such green energy resources. State energy
boards and distribution businesses will assist you for Fig 1. Ground Mounted 3d layout of solar power plant
the duration of the complete manner. These
incentives/schemes will boost the strength technology
in India and encourage human beings to put in sun
power structures. In a developing united states like
India, the intake of power is increasing constantly and

Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Technoscience Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the 27
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
 Jitendra Sunte et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Mech. Mater. Eng, July-August-2022, 6 (4) : 27-35

Estimated Capital Cost for 1 MW Solar PV power plant (Crystaline Cell)

Capital Cost Land
Capital Cost
Norms for Requirement
Sr. Norms for Solar
Particulars Solar PV for Installation
No PV Project ( INR
Project ( USD of the Solar
Lakh / MW)
Lakh / MW) cell for 1 MW
1 PV Modules 325.92 6.04
Additional module cost as
2 9.79 0.18
against degradation
3 Land Cost 16.8 0.31
4 Civil and General Works 94.5 1.75
5 Mounting Structure 105 1.94
6 Power Conditioning Unit 60 1.11
6 Acres
Evacuation cost up to inter
7 connection point (Cables and 105 1.94
Transformers)
Preliminary and Pre-operative
8 Expenses including IDC and 80 1.48
Contigency
Total Capital Cost 797.01 14.76

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 Jitendra Sunte et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Mech. Mater. Eng, July-August-2022, 6 (4) : 27-35

Designing Steps requirement is two kW, and your panel is of 250 W

Know your requirement (Load) capacity, then you'll need eight panels.
Select the excellent-acceptable PV panel (sizing)
Preparing the format of the device Along with the range, the size of the panel is also an
Inverter to be used crucial issue. The available vicinity for installation
Battery to be used should be known. The general size of a panel is 65
Designing in Detail inches with the aid of 39 inches for residual
1. Know Your Requirement installation.
The solar electricity plant that you design could be
the maximum efficient one best if it's miles in Three. Preparing a Layout of your Design
conformation with your requirement. You can The format is the real design of your sun plant. A
calculate your requirement in approaches: layout has issues of each: the capability of solar panels
and their length as nicely. A layout deals with the
Either you could take a look at and analyze your three location available as properly. The panels, in line with
to four preceding month’s electricity payments and the requirements, can be organized in:
recollect the biggest of them as your requirement. It is
recommended to estimate your requirement a chunk Series: Here, panels might be linked in collection, the
larger than the most important of the above voltage generated by every of them. But cutting-edge
estimation. via every remains the identical.
Or you may analyze your load. This can be completed Parallel: Here, the panels are linked in parallel; the
via calculating the entire quantity of electrical system currents add up, retaining the voltage the identical.
working in your house, in conjunction with their Mixed: A layout may also encompass a mixture of
power rankings and number of an hour every collection and parallel linked panels. But then,
paintings in a day. positive matters ought to be kept in mind.
2. Selection of PV Panel 4. Selecting an Inverter
The maximum fundamental but the most important The number one function of an inverter is to
attention in designing a solar energy plant is the transform the DC output of the solar panel into AC
choice of the PV panel for use. Due to the supply of for making it appropriate for gadget. Various types of
numerous sorts and capacities of solar panels, it will solar inverters are:
become even more complicated to pick one. But in
case you become well aware of your load, then it is Microinverters: These are easy in design and set up. It
easy to select the panel. is a plug and play device. They electrically isolate the
panels from each other so that shading and different
The panel can either be a monocrystalline, elements do no longer have an effect on the output.
polycrystalline, or thin movie. But Polycrystalline is But its cost in line with top Watt is high.
more normally used because of is fair performance Off-grid inverters: These have bidirectional
and fairer fee truth. From your load, you may decide conversion ability, i.E., DC to AC and vice versa.
the range of solar panels you'll require. E.G., if your Hence it may preserve the PV voltage as well as the
battery voltage.

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 Jitendra Sunte et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Mech. Mater. Eng, July-August-2022, 6 (4) : 27-35

String inverters: These are reliable, without problems Off-Grid Solar System – Saving + Backup
handy, and fantastically efficient. Hybrid Solar System – On-grid + Off-grid
Central inverters: These are normally ground-set up.
Five. Battery
Batteries are used for constant electricity supply and
garage of electricity. The batteries have to have a
huge lifetime, reliability, and of direction,
performance. Care need to be taken while choosing a
battery due to the fact a battery of higher energy than
required would boom the overall value of the
machine.

On grid solar power plants are best suitable for large

institutes, commercial and industrial sectors because
there is no load limit.

An on-grid sun gadget is a grid (Government

electricity supply) linked system. This sun device will
run your house appliances or linked load (without
Megawatt scale solar system
any restriction) by means of using solar electricity. If
Power Generation
your related load will exceed the capability of the set
4000 kWH Units/Day
up sun power plant, the machine will robotically use
Average Cost
the electricity from the main grid. In case, your
INR 4 to 5 Crore
connected load is much less than the generating
(Inclusive of all taxes)
ability, it will deliver surplus energy to the grid. This
Annual Saving
sort of gadget is recommended to lessen power bills
1 Crore (Approx)
most effective
Area Required
4 to 5 Acres
Off-Grid Solar Power Plant
#1. Types of Solar Power Plant
There are three types of solar power plants, which
Off grid solar power plants are by and large used for
work on the same principle of the “Photovoltaic
homes and residential areas wherein backup is
Effect”. These solar system consist of solar panels, a
required because of ordinary and long energy cuts.
solar inverter, and solar batteries. The types of solar
An off-grid sun strength plant is a battery-based solar
power systems are:
electricity gadget. In this type of solar gadget, there
On-Grid Solar System – Saving + Grid Export

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 Jitendra Sunte et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Mech. Mater. Eng, July-August-2022, 6 (4) : 27-35

are sun panels, solar inverter, and sun battery. This #2. 1MW Solar Power Plant Design
device will run your private home appliances or A 1MW solar photovoltaic system can be design and
related load (as according to sun inverter potential) by customize as per your requirement. You can change
way of using solar power. The unconsumed or surplus this design after concerning a team of solar experts.
energy could be saved within the solar battery Here we have a rough design of 1 megawatt solar
financial institution. An off-grid sun energy device is power system below.
usually recommended in which electricity cuts are Components Required for 1MW Solar Power Plant
the important trouble. Quality solar components are a key to a successful and
efficient solar power system. To set up a 1 megawatt
Hybrid Solar Power Plant solar power plant at any place, you need the following
components. You can customize the solar system by
increasing or decreasing the quantity of these
components according to their power ratings.
Components Specification Quantity
Solar PV Module Mono or 2,500 Nos.
Mono PERC
(400 Watt)
Solar Inverters With MPPT 1
Technology
(1MW)
SCADA/Monitoring Integrated 1
System with Remote
Monitoring
system web
based
Hybrid solar strength flora are suitable for each
Protection Devices SPD, MCB, As per design
residential and industrial locations. Just its additives
DC Fuse, etc. or
and capability trade in keeping with its installation
requirement
motive.
Cables DC Side= 10 As per
mm², AC Distance &
A hybrid solar electricity plant is a mixture of an on-
Side=LT: Gap
grid solar gadget and an off-grid sun system. This sun 16mm² &
gadget will integrate the functionality of each sun HT: 185mm²
strength structures. One side, a hybrid sun system
connects with the primary power grid and on the Solar Structure Ground 1 MW
other side, it concurrently may be connected with Mounted Standard
solar batteries to provide backup to practicle.
We have used 400 watt solar panel and 1MW solar
inverter for the calculation.

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#3. 1MW Solar Plant Cost But the exact generation can be varied according to the
The cost of solar power systems has changed recently types of solar panel you installed, installation location,
and the government is promoting green energy in solar brands, etc.
many ways. You can now install 1MW solar power
Income from 1 MW Solar PV Plant
plant by investing INR 4-5 crore. Thereafter, you can
supply the electricity to the government for more Particulars Description
than 25 years.
Daily units generated 4000 Units

Installation Cost of 1MW Power Plant Yearly units 4000×365=14,60,000 units

For better understanding of investment in 1 megawatt generated
solar power system, we have break down the overall Govt. pays per unit 3.85 ₹/unit
cost in fragments. You can now compare and analyse
the cost of solar panels, solar inverters and other
[According to Central
accessories individually.
Electricity Regulatory
Particulars Estimated Cost
Commission (CERC)]
Solar Panels 3 Cr.
Total income over the ₹56,21,000
Solar Inverter 1 Cr.
year
Combiners + Junction 20 Lakh
Net income over the ₹43,51,000 (Total income –
Boxes
year Annual Maintenance Cost)
Protective Gears 10 Lakh
Arrangement
• All the figures shown above are just to provide a rough
SCADA & Data Logger 7 Lakh idea of income from 1MW solar power plant. Don’t
consider it as exact income from 1MW solar power
System
plant.
Land Bank *5 Acre • The electricity generation shown above has been taken
Erection of Project 50 Lakh on an average basis. The exact electricity generation
depends on daily sun hours/availability.
Total Project Cost 4.87 Cr. (Approx.) • The government electricity price per unit varies state
to state and may subject to increase and decrease as per
Land value of 5 acre is not included in this table. government policy.
All the figures in above table are just to provide a rough
idea. Don’t consider it as an exact and final cost of #5. Project Report for 1MW Solar Plant
1MW solar power plant. We see a huge demand for information regarding the
Prices may subject to increase and decrease time to time. investment model for setting up a 1 MW solar system.
We have decided to create a 1 MW estimate series. So
Since a 1kW solar system generates = 4 units/day here it is:
Particulars Description
Accordingly, 1MW will generate, Capacity of Power Plant 1 MW
4 units x 1000kW = 4,000 units/day (1MW = 1000kW),
& 4,000 units x 30 days = 1,20,000 units/month. Generation per Year 14.60 Lakh (On
1,20,000 units x 12 months = 14,40,000 units/year.

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 Jitendra Sunte et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Mech. Mater. Eng, July-August-2022, 6 (4) : 27-35

Average) (without AD)

Degradation 1 to 10 year 0.05% Taxation (without 7,230,000
Degradation 11 to 25 year 0.67% AD)
Debt Percentage 70% (Min Alternative Tax
Equity Percentage 30% 19%)
Rate of Interest (Indian) 13.0% Profit After Tax 30,770,000
Rate of Interest (Foreign) 10% (Without AD)
Repayment Period (Indian) 11 years 113,300,000
Repayment Period 15 Years Profit After Tax (Without AD)
(Foreign) Total amount in account
Percentage of Indian Loan 70% Bank Debt Amount
Sale of Electricity Rs.6.49 Balance cash in hand
Cost of Project per MW 450 Lakh
#7. Solar Power Plant in India
O&M Cost per MW 8 Lakh/year
Depreciation 5.28% India's Top 10 States with Solar Installation
India is one of the biggest strength era portfolios. The
Corporate Tax 30.28%
call for for easy electricity in India is massive and is
Minimum Alternate Tax 18.38% constantly growing. Therefore, the Indian government
has released the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar
Project Cost 450 Lakh
Mission (JNNSM) on 11 January 2010, which
Debt 355 Lakh objectives to produce 227 GW (Gigawatt) of solar
Equity 95 Lakh power via 2022. It is a 3-section undertaking that targets
to put in 20,000 MW on-grid solar energy flora, 2000
MW off-grid sun power plant inclusive of 20 million
#6. 1MW Solar Plant Balance Sheet solar lights, and to create favorable conditions for
Here is the balance sheet of 1MW solar power plant. developing sun manufacturing capability in the u . S .
A ..
EXPENDITURE AMOUNT AMOUNT #8. MW Power Plant Installations
(Rs.) (Rs.) Solar energy in India is one of the most hastily
developing industries. This can be judged from the truth
Operational Expenses 8,000,000 that many large-capability solar strength flowers had
Bank Interest 33,000,000 been already hooked up in India. Let’s see some of
those sun power flora.
Payment
Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan (2255 MW)
Depreciation 34,300,000
Bhadla Solar Park is a 2055 MW capacity solar power
Total Expense 75,300,000
plant located in the Jodhpur district of Rajasthan and
(without AD) spread over a total area of 10,000 acres. It is one of the
Profit Before Tax 38,000,000 largest solar parks in India.

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Shakti Sthala Pavagada Solar Park, Karnataka (2000 power generation because of the ambitious kingdom and
MW) center’s solar policies and tasks.
Nowadays India begins switching to sun strength this is
Shakti Sthala Pavagada Solar Park is situated in one of the satisfactory monetary decisions in
Karnataka. It is one of the world’s biggest solar power nowadays’s world. As we can see the charges of fossil
plants that has spread over 13,000 acres with 2,000 MW and fuels are increasing daily so this is an ideal
of power generation capacity. alternative to this trouble. Although, India has large
Charanka Solar Park, Gujrat (790 MW Approx.) scope inside the discipline of sun strength in close to
destiny due to the fact solar strength for domestic and
Charanka Solar Park is the world’s third-largest industries are a cheap source of easy electricity and
photovoltaic solar power plant. The park is installed in secondly, it's miles available extensively across the
the Patan district of Gujarat and has a 790 MW capacity. country with none interruption.
Kadaladi Power Station, Tamil Nadu (4000 MW)
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Kadaladi solar park is a 500MW solar park planned for
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Cite this article as :

Jitendra Sunte, "The Design of 1 MW Solar Power

Plant",International Journal of Scientific Research in
Mechanical and Materials Engineering (IJSRMME),
ISSN : 2457-0435, Volume 6 Issue 4, pp. 27-35, July-
August 2022.
URL : https://ijsrmme.com/IJSRMME22644

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