Conservation of Petroleum

Promoting Awareness on the
Conservation of Petroleum
 Petroleum, also called crude oil, is a naturally
occurring, yellowish-black liquid found
in geological formations beneath
the Earth's surface. It is commonly refined into
various types of fuels. Components of petroleum
are separated using a technique called fractional
distillation. It consists of naturally
occurring hydrocarbons of various molecular
weights and may contain miscellaneous organic
compounds. The name petroleum means both
naturally occurring unprocessed crude oil
and petroleum products that are made up of
refined crude oil. Petroleum is a fossil fuel which is
formed when large quantities of dead organisms,
are buried under the earth and are subjected to
extreme heat and pressure.
 Petroleum can’t be used directly without refining.
Thus they have to be refined and converted into
its products before using.
 Before we go on further, let us understand what
Petroleum or crude oil products are? Petroleum
products are materials derived from petroleum
( crude oil ), as it is processed in oil refineries.
Unlike petrochemicals, which are a collection of
well-defined usually pure chemical compounds,
petroleum products are complex mixtures. The
majority of petroleum is converted to petroleum
products, which includes several classes of fuels.
 Petroleum can be converted into various products
such as Diesel, Kerosene, LPG ( Liquefied
petroleum gas ), Paraffin wax, gasoline, Asphalt,
lubricants and the list goes on forever.
 Petroleum is a form of chemical energy. Now the
Question arises that why it should be conserved at
all? Since, energy can neither be created nor
destroyed in a chemical reaction. Though it is true,
but energy can be transformed from one form to
another. Same happens with Petroleum. As it is a
form of chemical energy, it transforms into the
thermal ( heat ) energy when burnt. And once it is
converted into heat, it can’t be reversed back to
chemical energy. That is, once petroleum is burnt
it gets converted into heat and also into some
other harmful gases ( like carbon dioxide ) and
cannot be turned back into the original form i.e.
petroleum.
 Once utilized, it takes millions of years for
petroleum to be formed. Thus, it is also falls under
the category of Non-Renewable Resources.
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 The problem doesn’t ends here. The heat released
by the petroleum, when it is burnt gets absorbed
by the environment, and gets trapped in the earth
due to greenhouse effect.
 This trapping of heat results in Global Warming,
which is also one of the major problems of the
modern world.
 Thus it is very important to spread awareness
about the conservation of Petroleum and its
products.
 The Petroleum Conservation Research
Association (PCRA) is an organization established
in India in 1978, under the aegis of the Ministry of
Petroleum and Natural Gas of Government of
India that is engaged in promoting energy
efficiency in various sectors of the economy. It
helps the government in proposing policies and
strategies aimed at reducing India's dependency
on oil, in order to save money, reduce the
environmental impact of oil use and also
conserve fossil fuel.
 There are many ways in which, we can conserve
Petroleum products.
 At The individual level, we should decrease
consumption of fuel in vehicles. For short
distances, we should either walk or use cycles. We
should do car pooling as much as possible. Regular
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maintenance of cars is very necessary as well. Also,
getting the air filters of the cars clean from time to
time helps, because it reduces the consumption of
petrol. At homes and commercial establishments
one should use Led bulbs and tube lights. Use
electrical appliances for cooking and reheating
food, it helps in the conservation of LPG. Like
these there are several ways in which petroleum
products can be conserved.
 Combustion of fuels has a bad impact on our
Environment and led to the pollution. Our
environment includes birds, trees, water, air etc.
We’re also willingly dependent on our
Environment. Environment is clean than only
we’ve fresh mind and healthy. Combustion of
fossil fuels led the formation of greenhouse gases
in the atmosphere. It harms our Environment. The
air is mixed with greenhouse gases and we
breathe. It effects on our lives and health. It may
cause respiratory diseases such as asthma and
pulmonary disorder. It may also harm to our
ecosystem.
 To conclude, if we use the fuels in less quantity
and sustainably, then we can assure the existence
of our future generations. The Global warming can
only be handled by emission controls and energy
efficiency. However, the best solution to the
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danger of Global warming is green activism, less
profligate lifestyle habits and sustainable
development.
“ Oil is like Time...

Once gone will never
Come back...”

Conservation of Petroleum

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Promoting Awareness on the

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