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    Extraction of Aluminium

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    chkim26
    Aluminium is extracted through electrolysis of alumina in a Hall-Héroult cell. Bauxite ore is purified to produce alumina, which is mixed with cryolite to lower its melting point for electrolysis. During electrolysis, alumina ions are reduced to aluminium at the cathode, and oxygen is produced at the anode, where it reacts with carbon from the anode to form carbon dioxide. The molten aluminium sinks to the bottom of the tank.

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    Extraction of Aluminium

    Uploaded by

    chkim26
    9 views1 page
    Aluminium is extracted through electrolysis of alumina in a Hall-Héroult cell. Bauxite ore is purified to produce alumina, which is mixed with cryolite to lower its melting point for electrolysis. During electrolysis, alumina ions are reduced to aluminium at the cathode, and oxygen is produced at the anode, where it reacts with carbon from the anode to form carbon dioxide. The molten aluminium sinks to the bottom of the tank.

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    Aluminium is extracted through electrolysis of alumina in a Hall-Héroult cell. Bauxite ore is purified to produce alumina, which is mixed with cryolite to lower its melting point for electrolysis. During electrolysis, alumina ions are reduced to aluminium at the cathode, and oxygen is produced at the anode, where it reacts with carbon from the anode to form carbon dioxide. The molten aluminium sinks to the bottom of the tank.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views1 page

    Extraction of Aluminium

    Uploaded by

    chkim26
    Aluminium is extracted through electrolysis of alumina in a Hall-Héroult cell. Bauxite ore is purified to produce alumina, which is mixed with cryolite to lower its melting point for electrolysis. During electrolysis, alumina ions are reduced to aluminium at the cathode, and oxygen is produced at the anode, where it reacts with carbon from the anode to form carbon dioxide. The molten aluminium sinks to the bottom of the tank.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    EXTRACTION OF

    ALUMINIUM
    Aluminium is extracted by electrolysis, commonly from bauxite ore using the Hall-
    Heroult process

    Bauxite Ore Alumina

    Alumina is mixed with calcium


    Bauxite ore is a mixture fluoride or cryolite to lower its
    of hydrated aluminium high melting point of around
    oxide that contains 2,000 degrees celsius to 900-
    950 degrees celsius. Cryolite
    ferric oxide and silica,
    also acts as a solvent which
    which are impurities.
    melts the alumina to increase
    Therefore, as part of the its conductivity. This reduces
    extraction process, the energy cost of the
    bauxite is purified to extraction, as the ions can still
    produce Alumina. move freely at low
    temperatures.

    Reactions at the Reactions at the


    Cathode Anode

    2Al2O3 + 3C → 4Al + 3CO2


    At the anode: Oxide ions are oxidised to form
    oxygen molecules. (2O2– →O2 + 4e–)
    At the cathode: aluminium ions receive The oxygen molecules from the aluminium
    electrons and are reduced to atoms. oxide react with the carbon from the graphite
    (Al3+ + 3e– → Al) anode and forms carbon dioxide. As this is a
    The aluminium, now in a molten state, sinks to combustion reaction, the anodes gradually burn
    the bottom of the tank as it is heavier than the away, and therefore need to be replaced
    cryolite solution. regularly.
    →
    (C (s) + 2O2- CO2 (g) + 4e–)

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