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Appendix 1 Using Voyager SkyGazer, College Edition
Voyager SkyGazer, College Edition, combines exceptional planetarium software with informative tutorials. Here are just a few of the exciting things your students can do with this powerful tool: Use the planetarium features to learn the constellations. Use the built-in animations to explore astronomical phenomena such as meteor showers, eclipses, and more. Identify nebulae and galaxies that can be observed through a small telescope from your campus. Study and map how the sky varies with time of day, time of year, and latitude. Observe the Earth/Moon system from another planet within our solar system. Appendix 3 lists particular resources within SkyGazer that you may wish to integrate with various topics in the book. To use these features, note that: To access Basic Files, start from the main menu, choose File, Open Settings and then select the desired file. To access Demo Files, start from the main menu, choose File, Open Settings and then select the desired file. To access Explore files, start from the main menu and choose Explore. In addition, remember that you can find numerous assignable activities for SkyGazer in two places: 1. The Astronomy Place website has a set of worksheets containing approximately 75 SkyGazer activities. 2. Additional SkyGazer activities can be found in the Astronomy Media Workbook supplement (ISBN 0-8053-8755-2) .
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Instructors Guide
Appendix 2 Using the Cosmos Series

If youve watched the Cosmos series, you wont be surprised to know that the series and Carl Sagan were major influences on the authors of this textbook. (In fact, the lead author changed his graduate study plans from biophysics to astrophysics as a result of watching the series.) Thus, while the series does not correspond directly to the textbook, it makes an outstanding resource for reinforcing key ideas. There are at least two basic ways in which you can use the Cosmos series with this textbook: 1. If you can make the series available for students to watch on reserve at your department library, you may wish to assign the Cosmos episodes for individual viewing on students own time. For example, you might assign one episode per week or one episode every two weeks. Although this means that the topics in the episodes might not correspond directly to what you are covering in the book at the same time, it makes it easy for students to plan their viewing time and still serves as a great way to reinforce ideas that students cover in the text at some other time. For a one-semester course focusing on the solar system, we suggest assigning Episodes 16. For a one-semester course focusing on stars, galaxies, and cosmology, we suggest assigning Episodes 710 and 12 (with 11 and 13 optional). For a one-semester everything course, we suggest assigning Episodes 1, 36, and 910 (with 2, 7, and 8 optional). 2. You may wish to assign shorter segments (or show them in class) at times when their subject matter matches what you are covering in the text. The Section-by-Section Resource Grid (Appendix 3) lists appropriate segments for each section in the textbook. For reference, the following table on the following two pages lists all the Cosmos episodes, each broken down into 12 scene titles that correspond to the scene selections on the DVD version of the series.
The Cosmic Perspective, Third Edition
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The Cosmos Series: Episode/Scene Titles

Episode 1 The Shores of the Cosmic Ocean 1-1 Druyan Intro 1-2 Opening 1-3 The Cosmos 1-4 Spaceship Universe 1-5 Spaceship Galaxy 1-6 Spaceship Stars 1-7 Spaceship Solar System 1-8 Planet Earth 1-9 Alexandrian Library 1-10 Ages of Science 1-11 Cosmic Calendar 1-12 End Credits Episode 4 Heaven and Hell 4-1 Opening 4-2 Heaven and Hell 4-3 Tunguska Event 4-4 Comets 4-5 Collisions with Earth 4-6 Planetary Evolution 4-7 Venus 4-8 Descent to Venus 4-9 Change 4-10 Death of Worlds 4-11 Conclusion 4-12 Update/End Credits Episode 7 The Backbone of Night 7-1 Opening 7-2 What Are the Stars? 7-3 Brooklyn Schoolroom 7-4 Mythology of Stars 7-5 Ancient Greek Scientists 7-6 Science Blossoms 7-7 Democritus 7-8 Pythagorus 7-9 Plato and Others 7-10 Distance to Stars 7-11 Evidence of Other Planets 7-12 End Credits Episode 2 One Voice in the Cosmic Fugue 2-1 Opening 2-2 Spaceship Cosmic Matter 2-3 Haike Crab 2-4 Artificial Selection 2-5 Natural Selection 2-6 Watchmaker 2-7 Cosmic Calendar 2-8 Evolution 2-9 Kew GardensDNA 2-10 MillerUrey Experiment 2-11 Alien Life 2-12 Update/End Credits Episode 5 Blues for a Red Planet 5-1 Opening 5-2 Martians 5-3 Lowell 5-4 Edgar Rice Burroughs 5-5 Goddard 5-6 Inhabited Planets 5-7 Mars 5-8 Viking Lander 5-9 Life on Mars? 5-10 Mars Rover 5-11 Terraforming Mars 5-12 Update/End Credits Episode 8 Travels in Space and Time 8-1 Opening 8-2 Constellations 8-3 Time and Space 8-4 Relativity 8-5 Leonardo da Vinci 8-6 Interstellar Travel 8-7 Time Travel 8-8 Solar Systems 8-9 Cosmic Time Frame 8-10 Dinosaurs 8-11 Immensity of Space 8-12 Update/End Credits Episode 3 The Harmony of Worlds 3-1 Opening 3-2 Astronomers vs. Astrologers 3-3 Astrology 3-4 Laws of Nature 3-5 Constellations 3-6 Astronomers 3-7 Ptolemy/Copernicus 3-8 Kepler 3-9 Kepler and Tycho Brahe 3-10 Keplers Law 3-11 The Somnium 3-12 End Credits Episode 6 Travelers Tales 6-1 Opening 6-2 Voyager, JPL 6-3 Travellers Routes 6-4 Dutch Renaissance 6-5 Huygens 6-6 HuygensConclusion 6-7 Travellers Tales 6-8 Jovian System 6-9 Europa and Io 6-10 Voyager Ships Log 6-11 Saturn and Titan 6-12 Update/End Credits Episode 9 The Lives of Stars 9-1 Opening 9-2 Apple Pie 9-3 The Very Large 9-4 Atoms 9-5 Chemical Elements 9-6 Nuclear Forces 9-7 The Stars and Our Sun 9-8 Death of Stars 9-9 Star Stuff 9-10 Gravity in Wonderland 9-11 Children of the Stars 9-12 Update/End Credits
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Instructors Guide
The Cosmos Series: Episode/Scene Titles (continued)

Episode 10 The Edge of Forever 10-1 Opening 10-2 Big Bang 10-3 Galaxies 10-4 Astronomical Anomalies 10-5 Doppler Effect 10-6 Humeson 10-7 Dimensions 10-8 The Universe 10-9 India 10-10 Oscillating Universe 10-11 VLA 10-12 Update/End Credits Episode 13 Who Speaks for Earth? 13-1 Opening 13-2 Tlingit and Aztec Indians 13-3 Who Speaks for Earth? 13-4 Nuclear War and Balance of Terror 13-5 Alexandrian Library 13-6 Hypatia 13-7 Big Bang and the Stuff of Life 13-8 Evolution of Life 13-9 Star Stuff 13-10 What Humans Have Done 13-11 We Speak for Earth 13-12 Update/End Credits Episode 11 The Persistence of Memory 11-1 Opening 11-2 Intelligence 11-3 Whales 11-4 Genes and DNA 11-5 The Brain 11-6 The City 11-7 Libraries 11-8 Books 11-9 Computers 11-10 Other Brains 11-11 Voyager 11-12 End Credits Episode 12 Encyclopedia Galactica 12-1 Opening 12-2 Close Encounters 12-3 Refutations 12-4 UFOs 12-5 Champollions Egypt 12-6 Hieroglyphics 12-7 Rosetta Stone 12-8 SETI 12-9 Arecibo 12-10 Drake Equation and Contact 12-11 Encyclopedia Galactica 12-12 Update/End Credits
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Appendix 3 Complete Section-by-Section Resource Grid

Four of the key resources available with The Cosmic Perspective are the interactive tutorials at Astronomy Place, the topical movies also available at Astronomy Place, the built-in features of SkyGazer, College Edition, and the Cosmos video series. To help you in deciding when it is appropriate to make use of these resources in your teaching, the following grid matches these resources to sections of the textbook. Note that, if you choose simply to assign entire episodes of the Cosmos series, you should refer to the guidelines in Appendix 2.
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Astronomy Place Online TUTORIAL Voyager: SkyGazer CD-ROM, v. 3.4
From the Big Bang to Galaxies Scale of the Universe Lesson 1 Distances scales: the solar system Explore Menu Solar Neighborhood Paths of the Planets
The Cosmic Perspective CHAPTER/SECTION 1. Our Place in the Universe
Cosmic Lecture Launcher CD-ROM APPLETS
Astronomy Place Online MOVIE
Carl Sagans COSMOS Segment VHS or DVD
1.1 A Modern View of the Universe
1.2 The Scale of the Universe
1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-11
Opening The Cosmos Spaceship Universe Spaceship Galaxy Spaceship Stars Spaceship Solar System Planet Earth Cosmic Calendar
Lesson 2
Distances scales: stars and galaxies
Lesson 3 Special: A Tour of the Solar System
Powers of 10
relative_dist_earth_moon sun_relative_moon_orbit size_of_mars_orbit size_of_jupiter_orbit size_of_pluto_orbit accurate_model_of_solar_sys relative_dist_nearest_star relation_dist_speed_time size_of_the_milky_way dist_to_andromeda_galaxy galaxy_clusters_and_struct zooming_26_orders_of_mag
1.3 Spaceship Earth
File: Basic Folder Chicago 10000AD; Dragging the Sky
1.4 The Human Adventure of Astronomy The Celestial Sphere
2.
Discovering the Universe for Yourself
2.1 Patterns in the Sky
2.2 The Circling Sky
The Celestial Sphere
File: Basic Folder A Celestial Family; Animal Houses; Chart Display Buttons; Constellation Patterns; Full Sky; Milky Way; The Trapezium; Wide Field Milky Way File: Demo Folder Celestial Poles; Water Constellations File: Basic Folder Animal Houses; Changing the Location; Day and Night; Follow a Star; Full Sky; Grid Lines; Night Sky in Nairobi; North Pole; North Pole 2; The Little Bear; Winter Sky File: Demo Folder Russian Midnight Sun
The Cosmic Perspective CHAPTER/SECTION

Seasons Lesson 1 Factors affecting seasonal changes Time and Seasons File: Basic Folder Earths Seasons; North Pole 3; Precession of the Equinoxes File: Demo Folder Dipper +80000 years Explore Menu Seasons of the Earth Wobble of the Earth
Astronomy Place Online TUTORIAL
Voyager: SkyGazer CD-ROM, v. 3.4
2.3 The Reason for Seasons
Lesson 2 Lesson 3 The Suns position in the sky
The solstices and equinoxes
temperature_vs_distance directness_of_light ashlight_beams ux_of_light_vs_latitude why_does_ux_sunlight_vary cause_of_seasons dist_to_sun_and_earth_tilt sun_over_equator_and_tropic sun_over_equator_at_equinox arctic_circle_sunrise_set sun_altitude_vs_lat_season
2.4 Precession of Earths Axis
2.5 The Moon, Our Constant Companion Lesson 1 The causes of lunar phases
Phases of the Moon
Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Eclipses Lesson 1 Why and when do eclipses occur? When the moon rises and sets
Time of day and horizons
inner_ss_and_moon_orbit cause_of_lunar_phases moon_orbit_from_earth how_simulate_lunar_phases phases_of_the_moon the_horizon time_and_location_of_sun moon_rise_and_set_vs_phase
Explore Menu Precession of the Earth Wobble of the Earth File: Basic Folder Christmas Eclipse 2000; Eclipse 1991-2 Views; Europe Eclipse 1999; Lunar Eclipse; Moon Along the Ecliptic; Moon Orbit; Phase of the Moon; Shadow over America; South Carolina Eclipse; Totality File: Demo Folder African Eclipse June 2001; American Eclipse 2017-2 views; Drunken Moon; Earth Orbiting the Moon; Earth-Moon from Mars; Orbit of the Moon 2; South Carolina Eclipse-2017 Explore Menu Shadows on the Earth Phases of the Planets
Lesson 2
Types of solar eclipses
Lesson 3
Lunar eclipses
earth_and_lunar_orbits cause_of_eclipses_anim cause_of_eclipses_tool eclipses_twice_a_month ecliptic_plane_anim moon_orbit_tilt_vs_ecliptic moon_orbit_with_nodes eclipse_seasons precession_of_moon_orbit angular_size_of_moon annular_vs_total_solar partial_vs_total_solar evolution_of_total_solar evolution_of_partial_solar lunar_eclipses evolution_of_total_lunar
2.6 The Ancient Mystery of the Planets
File: Basic Folder Planet Paths File: Demo Folder Mars in Retrograde Explore Menu The Solar System
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7-2 7-3 7-4
The Cosmic Perspective CHAPTER/SECTION 3. The Science of Astronomy

What Are the Stars? Brooklyn Schoolroom Mythology of Stars
3.1 Everyday Science
3.2 The Ancient Roots of Science
3.3 Ancient Greek Science
File: Demo Folder Ptolemy on Mars File: Basic Folder Precession of the Equinoxes; Ptolemy on Venus Orbits and Keplers Laws Lesson 2 Keplers rst law
1-9 1-10 13-5 13-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11
Alexandrian Library Ages of Science Alexandrian Library Hypatia Ptolemy/Copernicus Kepler Kepler and Tycho Brahe Keplers Laws The Somnium
3.4 The Copernican Revolution
Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Keplers third law
Keplers second law
drawing_ellipse_with_string what_is_a_circle orbital_rad_and_orbital_pos eccentrcty_and_semimjr_axis kepler_2_velocty_vs_orbit_r kepler_2_area_and_time_int orbit_vs_init_velocty_and_r kepler_3_orbit_period_vs_r
File: Basic Folder Follow a Planet; Phase of Mercury; Planet Orrery; Planet Panel; Planet Paths; Plutos Orbit; Saturn; Saturns Phases; Tracking Venus File: Demo Folder Earth and Venus; Hale-Bopp Path; Hyakutake at Perihelion; Hyakutake nears Earth; Plutos Orbit; Trailing Saturn; Triple Conjunction of 7 BC; Venus-Earth-Moon File: Explore Menu The Solar System Paths of the Planets File: Spacecraft Folder Galileo to Jupiter; Giotto encounters Halley; Missions to Jupiter; Ulysses below the Sun; Voyager I and Voyager II
3.5 The Nature of Science 3.6 Astrology
3-2 3-3
Astronomers vs. Astrologers Astrology
S1. Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation
S1.1 Astronomical Time Periods
S1.2 Daily Timekeeping
File: Demo Folder Venus Transit of 1769 File: Basic Folder Analemma; Challenging the Time; Chart Clock; Rubber Horizon Seasons Lesson 2 The solstices and equinoxes
sun_over_equator_at_equinox arctic_circle_sunrise_set
S1.3 The Calendar
S1.4 Mapping Locations in the Sky
The Celestial Sphere Time and Seasons
File: Basic Folder Grid Lines; Precession of the Equinoxes File: Demo Folder Celestial Poles

Seasons Lesson 3 The Suns position in the sky
sun_altitude_vs_lat_season
S1.5 Understanding Local Skies
S1.6 Principles of Celestial Navigation
File: Basic Folder Changing the Time; Chart Clock; Day and Night; Dening the Horizon; Dragging the Sky; Night Sky in Nairobi; Rubber Horizon; Startup; Sunset in Winnipeg; Three Cities; Winter Milky Way; Winter Sky File: Demo Folder Russian Midnight Sun File: Basic Folder Changing the Location 9-2 9-3 9-4 9-5 7-5 7-6 7-7 7-8 7-9 Apple Pie The Very Large Atoms Chemical Elements Ancient Greek Scientists Science Blossoms Democritus Pythagorus Plato and Others
4.
A Universe of Matter and Energy
4.1 Matter and Energy in Everyday Life
4.2 A Scientic View of Energy 4.3 The Material World
4.4 Energy in Atoms 3-4 Laws of Nature
5.
The Universal Laws of Motion
5.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life 5.2 Newtons Laws of Motion 5.3 The Force of Gravity Orbits and Keplers Laws Lesson 1 Gravity and orbits
Orbits in the Solar System
Lesson 2
Keplers rst law
Keplers second law
orbit_trajectory_cannonball cannonball_mass_vs_orbit acceleration_due_to_gravity feather_and_hammer_on_moon drawing_ellipse_with_string what_is_a_circle orbital_rad_and_orbital_pos eccentrcty_and_semimjr_axis kepler_2_velocty_vs_orbit_r kepler_2_area_and_time_int orbit_vs_init_velocty_and_r kepler_3_orbit_period_vs_r
5.4 Tides
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File: Basic Folder Follow a Planet; Phase of Mercury; Planet Orrery; Planet Panel; Planet Paths; Plutos Orbit; Saturn; Saturns Phases; Tracking Venus File: Demo Folder Earth and Venus; Hale-Bopp Path; Hyakutake at Perihelion; Hyakutake nears Earth; Plutos Orbit; Trailing Saturn; Triple Conjunction of 7 BC; Venus-Earth-Moon File: Explore Menu The Solar System Paths of the Planets File: Spacecraft Folder Galileo to Jupiter; Giotto encounters Halley; Missions to Jupiter; Ulysses below the Sun; Voyager I and Voyager II
5.5 Orbital Energy and Escape Velocity
5.6 The Acceleration of Gravity Light and Spectroscopy Lesson 1 Radiation, light and waves
surface_waves_in_pond anatomy_of_a_wave visible_light_waves electromag_spectrum
6.
Light: The Cosmic Messenger
6.1 Light in Everyday Life
6.2 Properties of Light 6.3 The Many Forms of Light Light and Spectroscopy Lesson 2 Spectroscopy Lesson 3 Atomic spectra emission and absorption lines
6.4 Light and Matter
Lesson 4 The Doppler Effect Lesson 1 Understanding the Doppler Shift
Thermal radiation
intro_to_spectroscopy de-excitation_and_emission production_of_emission_line energy-level_diagrams composition_mystery_gas photo-excitation_of_atom production_of_absorp_line spectrum_of_low-dens_cloud thermal_radiation wiens_law
6.5 The Doppler Shift
Lesson 2
Using emission and absorption lines to measure the Doppler Shift
examples_of_motion hearing_the_doppler_effect cause_of_doppler_effect doppler_shift_vs_velocity position_observer_vs_source doppler_effect_for_light doppler_shift_emission_line determine_velocity_gas doppler_shift_absorp_line determine_velocity_cold_gas
7.
Telescopes: Portals of Discovery
7.1 Eyes and Cameras: Everyday Light Sensors
7.2 Telescopes: Giant Eyes 7.3 Uses of Telescopes 7.4 Atmospheric Effects on Observations Light and Spectroscopy Lesson 1 Radiation, light and waves
surface_waves_in_pond anatomy_of_a_wave visible_light_waves electromag_spectrum
7.5 Telescopes Across the Spectrum
Light and Spectroscopy Lesson 2 Spectroscopy Lesson 3 Atomic spectra emission and absorption lines
10-11 VLA
Lesson 4
Thermal radiation
intro_to_spectroscopy de-excitation_and_emission production_of_emission_line energy-level_diagrams composition_mystery_gas photo-excitation_of_atom production_of_absorp_line spectrum_of_low-dens_cloud thermal_radiation wiens_law
8.
Formation of the Solar System Lesson 1 Comparative Planetology
PlanetInfo1 PlanetInfo2
Welcome to the Solar System
8.1 Comparative Planetology Orbits and Keplers Laws Lesson 2 Keplers rst law
8.2 The Layout of the Solar System
History of the Solar System Orbits in the Solar System
Keplers second law
drawing_ellipse_with_string what_is_a_circle orbital_rad_and_orbital_pos eccentrcty_and_semimjr_axis kepler_2_velocty_vs_orbit_r kepler_2_area_and_time_int orbit_vs_init_velocty_and_r kepler_3_orbit_period_vs_r
8.3 A Brief Tour of the Solar System 8.4 Exploring the Solar System
Special: A Tour of the Solar System Scale of the Universe Lesson 1 Distances of scale: our solar system
relative_dist_earth_moon sun_relative_moon_orbit size_of_mars_orbit size_of_jupiter_orbit size_of_pluto_orbit accurate_model_of_solar_sys
File: Basic Folder Follow a Planet; Phase of Mercury; Planet Orrery; Planet Panel; Planet Paths; Plutos Orbit; Saturn; Saturns Phases; Tracking Venus File: Demo Folder Earth and Venus; Hale-Bopp Path; Hyakutake at Perihelion; Hyakutake nears Earth; Plutos Orbit; Trailing Saturn; Triple Conjunction of 7 BC; Venus-Earth-Moon File: Explore Menu The Solar System Paths of the Planets 6-2 File: Spacecraft Folder Galileo to Jupiter; Giotto encounters Halley; Missions to Jupiter; Ulysses below the Sun; Voyager I and Voyager II
Voyager, JPL
9.
Formation of the Solar System Lesson 1 Comparative planetology
Formation of the Solar System

comparative_planetology orbit_and_rotation_planets
9.1 The Origin of the Solar System: The Nebular Theory
History of the Solar System
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Formation of the Solar System Lesson 2 Formation of the protoplanetary disk collapse_of_solar_nebula Orbits in the Solar System
formation_protoplanet_disk why_does_disk_atten formation_circlular_orbits temp_distribution_of_disk condensate_regions_in_disk
9.2 Orderly Motion in a Collapsing Nebula
9.3 Two Types of Planets

summary_condensates_in_disk accretion_and_planets nebular_capture_and_jovians the_solar_wind
Formation of the Solar System Lesson 3 Formation of Planets History of the Solar System
9.4 Explaining Leftovers and Exceptions to the Rules 9.5 How Old is the Solar System? 9.6 Other Planetary Systems History of the Solar System Extrasolar Planetary Detection Lesson 1 Taking a picture of a planet Lesson 2 Stars wobbles and properties of planets
luminosity_of_planet angular_sep_vs_distance angular_sep_jupiter_sun stellar_motion_and_planets oscillation_of_absorp_line determine_star_velocty_vs_t star_orbit_vs_planet_mass determine_planet_mass_orbit planetary_transits
7-10 Distance to Stars 7-11 Evidence of Other Planets
Lesson 3 Formation of the Solar System Lesson 1 Comparative Planetology

Planetary transits
10. Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds

File: Demo Folder Earth and Venus; Venus-Earth-Moon File: Explore Menu The Solar System Paths of the Planets
10.1 Planetary Surfaces
10.2 Inside the Terrestrial Worlds 10.3 Shaping Planetary Surfaces: The Four Basic Geological Processes Shaping Planetary Surfaces Lesson 1 The four geological processes
Lesson 2
What do geological processes depend on? Planet surface evolution
Lesson 3
production_of_a_crater volcanic_eruption_and_lava tectonics_convect_of_mantle plate_tectonics_on_earth water_erosion history_of_cratering tectonics_and_heat_transfer history_volcanism_tectonics history_of_erosion evolution_of_planet_surface
10.4 A Geological Tour: The Moon and Mercury
10.5 A Geological Tour: Mars
10.6 A Geological Tour: Venus
5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 5-6 5-7 4-7 4-8 4-9 4-10 4-11 Shaping Planetary Surfaces Lesson 2 What do geological processes depend on? Lesson 3 Planet surface evolution
history_of_cratering tectonics_and_heat_transfer history_volcanism_tectonics history_of_erosion evolution_of_planet_surface
Martians Lowell Edgar Rice Burroughs Goddard Inhabited Planets Mars Venus Descent to Venus Change Death of Worlds Conclusion
10.7 Earth and Geological Destiny
11. Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds

Surface Temperature of Terrestrial Planets Lesson 1 Energy balance
thermal_equilibrium temp_vs_size_and_day_length temp_vs_day_length Role of planets distance from the Sun temp_vs_orbital_r temp_vs_reectivity the_greenhouse_effect which_molecules_greenhouse predicted_temp_of_planets
11.1 Atmospheric Basics 11.2 The Greenhouse Effect and Planetary Temperature
Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Role of planets albedo Role of planets atmosphere
11.3 Atmospheric Structure 11.4 Weather and Climate 11.5 Sources and Losses of Atmospheric Gas 11.6 The Climate Histories of Mars, Venus and Earth Formation of the Solar System Lesson 1 Comparative Planetology
History of the Solar System
12. Jovian Planet Systems

6-7 6-8 Travellers Tales Jovian System
12.1 The Jovian Worlds: A Different Kind of Planet 12.2 Jovian Planet Interiors 12.3 Jovian Planet Atmospheres 12.4 Jovian Planet Magnetospheres
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Astronomy Place Online TUTORIAL Cosmic Lecture Launcher CD-ROM APPLETS Astronomy Place Online MOVIE Voyager: SkyGazer CD-ROM, v. 3.4 Carl Sagans COSMOS Segment VHS or DVD
6-9 Europa and Io 6-10 Voyager Ships Log 6-11 Saturn and Titan File: Basic Folder Tracking Jupiter and Io File: Demo Folder Backside of Jupiter; Locked on Dione; Three Moons on Jupiter File: Basic Folder Saturn History of the Solar System Orbits in the Solar System Formation of the Solar System Lesson 3 Formation of Planets
summary_condensates_in_disk accretion_and_planets nebular_capture_and_jovians the_solar_wind
12.5 A Wealth of Worlds: Satellites of Ice and Rock
12.6 Jovian Planet Rings
13. Remnants of Rock and Ice: Asteroids, Comets, and Pluto
13.1 Remnants from Birth
13.2 Asteroids 13.3 Meteorites 13.4 Comets
13.5 Pluto: Lone Dog, or Part of a Pack?
File: Basic Folder Orbit of Hale-Bopp File: Demo Folder Hale-Bopp Path; Hyakutake at Perihelion; Hyakutake nears Earth File: Spacecraft Folder Giotto encounters Halley File: Basic Folder Plutos Orbit File: Demo Folder Plutos Orbit 4-3 4-4 4-5 Tunguska Event Comets Collisions with Earth
13.6 Cosmic Collisions: Small Bodies Versus the Planets
14. Planet Earth: Seen in a New Light

Shaping Planetary Surfaces Lesson 1 The four geological processes
14.1 How is Earth Different? 14.2 Our Unique Geology
Lesson 2
What do geological processes depend on? Planet Surface Evolution
Lesson 3
production_of_a_crater volcanic_eruption_and_lava tectonics_convect_of_mantle plate_tectonics_on_earth water_erosion history_of_cratering tectonics_and_heat_transfer history_volcanism_tectonics history_of_erosion evolution_of_planet_surface

Surface Temperature of Terrestrial Planets Lesson 1 Energy balance
thermal_equilibrium temp_vs_size_and_day_length temp_vs_day_length Role of planets distance from the Sun temp_vs_orbital_r temp_vs_reectivity the_greenhouse_effect which_molecules_greenhouse predicted_temp_of_planets
14.3 Our Unique Atmosphere and Oceans
Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Role of planets albedo Role of planets atmosphere
14.4 Climate Regulation and the Carbon Dioxide Cycle 14.5 Life on Earth Search for Extraterrestrial Life
2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10
Cosmic Calendar Evolution Kew GardensDNA Miller-Urey Experiment
14.6 Our Future: Survival Lessons from Other Worlds 8-2 8-3 8-4 Constellations Time and Space Relativity
S2. Space and Time
S2.1 Einsteins Revolution S2.2 Relative Motion S2.3 The Reality of Space and Time
S2.4 Is it True? S2.5 Toward a New Common Sense S2.6 Ticket to the Stars
8-5 8-6 8-7
Leonardo da Vinci Interstellar Travel Time Travel
S3. Spacetime and Gravity
S3.1 S3.2 S3.3 S3.4 Black Holes Lesson 1 What are black holes?
Einsteins Second Revolution The Equivalence Principle Understanding Spacetime A New View of Gravity
Lesson 2
The search for black holes
escape_velocity_earth orbital_trajectory_and_r escape_velocity_and_r orbital_r_vs_planet_r g_vs_dist_black_hole determine_event_horizon schwarzschild_r formation_xray_bin rotation_galactic_center orbital_velocity_mass_and_r evidence_of_black_hole
S3.5 Is it True?
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Astronomy Place Online TUTORIAL Cosmic Lecture Launcher CD-ROM APPLETS Astronomy Place Online MOVIE Voyager: SkyGazer CD-ROM, v. 3.4 Carl Sagans COSMOS Segment VHS or DVD
The Sun The Sun The Sun The Sun The Sun 9-6 9-7 Nuclear Forces The Stars and Our Sun Measuring Cosmic Distances Lesson 2 Stellar parallax
intro_to_parallax parallax_of_nearby_star parallax_angle_vs_distance measuring_parallax_angle generate_hr_diagr temp_and_luminosity determine_stellar_sizes stellar_mass_and_hr_diagr hydrostatic_equilibrium
S3.6 Hyperspace, Wormholes, and Warp Drive S3.7 The Last Word
S4. Building Blocks of the Universe
S4.1 S4.2 S4.3 S4.4 S4.5
The Quantum Revolution Fundamental Particles and Forces The Uncertainty Principle The Exclusion Principle Key Quantum Effects in Astronomy
15. Our Star
15.1 Why Does the Sun Shine? 15.2 Plunging to the Center of the Sun: An Imaginary Journey 15.3 The Cosmic Crucible
15.4 From Core to Corona 15.5 Solar Weather and Climate
16. Properties of Stars
16.1 Snapshot of the Heavens
16.2 Stellar Luminosity
File: Basic Folder Large Stars; More Stars; Star Color and Size; Tracking Altair; Tracking Proxima Centauri File: Demo Folder Barnards Star File: Basic Folder Large Stars; More Stars; Star Color and Size File: Basic Folder Large Stars; More Stars; Star Color and Size
16.3 Stellar Surface Temperature
16.4 Stellar Masses
The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram Lesson 1 The Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) Diagram Lesson 2 Determining stellar radii The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram Lesson 3 The main sequence
16.5 The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram 16.6 Star Clusters Stellar Evolution Lesson 1 Main-sequence lifetimes Lesson 4 Cluster Dating
main-seq_lifetime_and_mass star_cluster_evolving hr_diagr_and_age_of_cluster
File: Demo Folder Circling the Hyades; Flying around Pleiades; The Tail of Scorpius
17. Star Stuff

Lives of Stars
main-seq_lifetime_and_mass
17.1 Lives in the Balance
Stellar Evolution Lesson 1 Main-sequence lifetimes

Stellar Evolution Lesson 2 Evolution of a low mass star
death_sequence_of_sun stages_low-mass_death_seq

Lives of Stars Lives of Stars Lives of Stars
death_seq_of_high-mass_star
17.2 Star Birth 17.3 Life as a Low-Mass Star File: Demo Folder Crab from Finland
17.4 Life as a High-Mass Star Double Stars

main-seq_lifetime_and_mass death_sequence_of_sun stages_low-mass_death_seq death_seq_of_high-mass_star star_cluster_evolving hr_diagr_and_age_of_cluster
9-8 9-9
Death of Stars Star Stuff
17.5 The Lives of Close Binary Stars
Stellar Evolution Lesson 3 Late stages of a high-mass star Stellar Evolution Lesson 1 Main-sequence lifetimes Lesson 2 Evolution of a low mass star Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Late stages of a high-mass star Cluster Dating
18. The Bizarre Stellar Graveyard

main-seq_lifetime_and_mass death_sequence_of_sun stages_low-mass_death_seq death_seq_of_high-mass_star
18.1 A Stars Final Battle
18.2 White Dwarfs
18.3 Neutron Stars
18.4 Black Holes: Gravitys Ultimate Victory
Stellar Evolution Lesson 1 Main-sequence lifetimes Stellar Evolution Lesson 2 Evolution of a low mass star Stellar Evolution Lesson 3 Late stages of a high-mass star Black Holes Lesson 1 What are black holes?
9-10 Gravity in Wonderland 9-11 Children of the Stars
Lesson 2
18.5 The Mystery of Gamma-Ray Bursts The Milky Way Galaxy File: Basic Folder Milky Way; Wide Field Milky Way; Winter Milky Way The Milky Way Galaxy File: Basic Folder Lagoon Nebulae Explore Menu Solar Neighborhood The Milky Way Galaxy
19. Our Galaxy
19.1 The Milky Way Revealed
19.2 The StarGasStar Cycle 19.3 Galactic Environments
19.4 The Milky Way in Motion
209
210
Detecting Dark Matter in a Spiral Galaxy Lesson 1 Introduction to rotation curves The Milky Way Galaxy
19.5 The Mysterious Galactic Center
Lesson 2
Determining the mass distribution
motion_merrygoround rotation_merrygoround rotation_of_solar_system adjust_mass_of_sun rotation_of_spiral_galaxy edge_and_face_spiral_gal meas_doppler_shifts_for_gal orbital_velocity_mass_and_r mass_vs_dist_solar_system mass_vs_dist_galaxy
20. Galaxies: From Here to the Horizon

From the Big Bang to Galaxies Measuring Cosmic Distances Lesson 1 Radar Lesson 2 Stellar parallax
20.1 Islands of Stars 20.2 Galaxy Types File: Basic Folder Galaxies in Coma File: Basic Folder Galaxies in Coma
20.3 Measuring Cosmic Distances
10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5 10-6 10-7 10-8
Big Bang Galaxies Astronomical Anomalies Doppler Effect Humeson Dimensions The Universe
Lesson 3
Standard candles: main sequence stars and Cepheid variables Standard candles: white dwarf supernovae and spiral galaxies
Lesson 4
radar_pulses intro_to_parallax parallax_of_nearby_star parallax_angle_vs_distance measuring_parallax_angle ux_of_star_vs_distance bright_stars_near_or_lum main_seq_as_standard_candle cepheid_as_standard_candle suprnova_as_standard_candle tully_sher_relationship galaxy_as_standard_candle summary_of_distance_methods discover_hubble_law measure_hubble_constant
Hubbles Laws Lesson 1 Hubbles Law Hubbles Laws Lesson 2 The expansion of the universe
20.4 Measuring Cosmic Ages
Lesson 3
The age of the universe
cause_of_hubble_law expansion_and_hubble_law relation_dist_and_velocity peculiar_velocities estimate_age_of_universe age_and_hubble_constant
21. Galaxy Evolution
21.1 Looking Back Through Time
21.2 Galaxy Formation
21.3 Why Do Galaxies Differ?
From the Big Bang to Galaxies From the Big Bang to Galaxies From the Big Bang to Galaxies
21.4 Starburst Galaxies

Black Holes Lesson 1 What are black holes?
21.5 Quasars and Other Active Galactic Nuclei
Lesson 2
21.6 Shedding Light on Protogalactic Clouds Orbits and Keplers Laws Lesson 1 Gravity and orbits
22. Dark Matter and the Fate of the Universe
22.1 The Mystery of Dark Matter
Lesson 2
Keplers rst law
Lesson 3 Lesson 4
motion_merrygoround rotation_merrygoround
Keplers second law Keplers third law
orbit_trajectory_cannonball cannonball_mass_vs_orbit acceleration_due_to_gravity feather_and_hammer_on_moon drawing_ellipse_with_string what_is_a_circle orbital_rad_and_orbital_pos eccentrcty_and_semimjr_axis kepler_2_velocty_vs_orbit_r kepler_2_area_and_time_int orbit_vs_init_velocty_and_r kepler_3_orbit_period_vs_r
22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5
Dark Matter in Galaxies Detecting Dark Matter in a Spiral Galaxy Lesson 1 Introduction to rotation curves Dark Matter in Clusters Dark Matter: Ordinary or Extraordinary? Structure Formation
From the Big Bang to Galaxies
Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Fate of the Universe Lesson 1 The role of gravity Where is the dark matter?
Determining the mass distribution
rotation_of_solar_system adjust_mass_of_sun rotation_of_spiral_galaxy edge_and_face_spiral_gal meas_doppler_shifts_for_gal orbital_velocity_mass_and_r mass_vs_dist_solar_system mass_vs_dist_galaxy stellar_mass_vs_dist_galaxy evidence_of_dark_matter determine_distrib_dark_mat fate_of_launched_cannonball escape_velocity_vs_mass determine_velocty_cannonbll universe_and_mass_density universe_and_dark_energy universe_history_and_fate
22.6 The Universes Fate
Lesson 2 Lesson 3
The role of dark energy Fate and history of the universe
211
212
Hubbles Laws Lesson 1 Hubbles Law Lesson 2 The expansion of the universe
The Cosmic Perspective CHAPTER/SECTION 23. The Beginning of Time
23.1 Running the Expansion Backward
Lesson 3 From the Big Bang to Galaxies
The age of the universe
discover_hubble_law measure_hubble_constant cause_of_hubble_law expansion_and_hubble_law relation_dist_and_velocity peculiar_velocities estimate_age_of_universe age_and_hubble_constant
23.2 A Scientific History of the Universe
13-7 Big Bang and the Stuff of Life 13-8 Evolution of Life 13-9 Star Stuff
23.3 Evidence for the Big Bang 23.4 Ination 23.5 Did the Big Bang Really Happen?
13-10 What Humans Have Done 13-11 We Speak for Earth Search for Extraterrestrial Life
24. Life Beyond Earth: Prospects for Microbes, Civilizations, and Interstellar Travel
24.1 The Possibility of Life Beyond Earth
24.2 Life in the Solar System Extrasolar Planetary Detection Lesson 1 Taking a picture of a planet Lesson 2 Stars wobbles and properties of planets
luminosity_of_planet angular_sep_vs_distance angular_sep_jupiter_sun stellar_motion_and_planets oscillation_of_absorp_line determine_star_velocty_vs_t star_orbit_vs_planet_mass determine_planet_mass_orbit planetary_transits
24.3 Life Around Other Stars
5-8 Viking Lander 5-9 Life on Mars? 2-11 Alien Life
Lesson 3
Planetary transits
24.4 The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
24.5 Interstellar Travel
24.6 A Paradox: Where Are the Aliens?
12-8 SETI 12-9 Arecibo 12-10 Drake Equation and Contact 12-2 Close Encounters 12-3 Refutations 12-4 UFOs 12-11 Encyclopedia Galactica
Appendix 4 Sample Syllabus

Many problems that tend to arise in classes can be alleviated if you are very clear about your expectations of students. One way to make your expectations clear is with a detailed syllabus. On the pages that follow, we offer a sample syllabus, adapted from one of lead author Jeffrey Bennetts courses. If youve never taught before, you might wish to use this as a starting point for creating your own syllabus. Otherwise, it might simply provide you with a few ideas of things to add or change in your current syllabus format. Most of the sample syllabus should be self-explanatory, but we offer a few notes about particular elements and modifications you might want to consider: Office hours/open review sessions: Notice the implementation of the ideas discussed under Personalizing the Impersonal Classroom (page 45), bullet 4referring to office hours as review sessions and holding some of them in a less intimidating location than an office. Course Requirements and Grading: Obviously, this is just one model of how grades might be assigned. The important part is that the requirements and grading policy are spelled out clearly, so that students know exactly what you expect of them. Here are a few notes on specific parts of our requirements: Regarding the on-line quizzes: We have chosen to require the basic quiz for each chapter as a way of making sure students come prepared to class. We would also like students to complete the conceptual quizzes, but we dont require them. Instead, we let students known that many of the questions on their midterm and final exams will be taken verbatim from the conceptual quizzes. This gives them ample incentive to complete them as part of their studying. We also include class participation as a way of encouraging students to attend class and to come prepared. Obviously, this is easier to implement in smaller classes. However, you can still have a class participation component to grades in larger classes if you use interactive lecturing techniques (see page 43). For example, collecting worksheets or using electronic transmitters (see the articles posted at http://ganesh.colorado.edu/nick/TeachTech1.pdf and http://ganesh.colorado.edu/nick/TeachTech2.pdf) for short in-class activities will give you both an attendance record and some indication of whether students came to class prepared. Note: Its a good idea to make the class participation grade as objective as possible, since subjective grades are more likely to generate complaints and arguments. One strategy weve used is to assume that everyone starts with a perfect score of 10 points for their class participation, which is subject to reduction for absences or being clearly unprepared. For example, we usually allow two absences or unprepared days without penalty, but each absence thereafter is a 1-point deduction, and being unprepared (e.g., being unable to even begin on a class activity) is a 1/2-point deduction. For students with legitimate excuses, you may want to have a makeup policy for absences; we generally ask students to let us know in advance if they are going to miss class. Observing Sessions: Unless its truly impossible, we hope that you will find a way to give your students some type of evening observing opportunity. If your campus has telescopes available, perhaps you can have a few nights reserved for your class. If not, perhaps you can do some naked-eye observing, teaching the students some prominent constellations (which they usually love to learn). Also try to take advantage of any special observing
213
opportunities, such as meteor showers or eclipses. Weve sometimes had students meet in the early morning, well outside town, to observe meteor showers or bright planets. Such events can be a lot of fun for both you and the students. We did not include any major project in our requirements, but some teachers like to have a project component to final grades. You can easily make a project from some of our endof-chapter Web Projects or from observing projects. Another project that we have sometimes used and that students seem to enjoy is a Book Review. For this project, students select a nonfiction book that is relevant to the course (e.g., topic areas might include the history of astronomy, recent discoveries in astronomy, or books about the space program or space policy) and then write a 35 page critical book review. (Many students have never written a critical book review, so we suggest they look at book reviews in the Sunday New York Times. Also, you may wish to have students get your OK on their book selections before they begin, so that you can make sure theyve chosen a real science book rather than something quacky.) Regarding the common courtesy guidelines: It would be nice if we could assume that all students would treat each other and you with proper respectbut we all know that this does not occur automatically these days. We therefore include these explicit guidelines and weve found far fewer problems in class since we started including them. Perhaps the root of most classroom behavior problems is simply that students have gotten away with so much in high school that they have no idea what constitutes normal classroom behavior until you spell it out for them. The section entitled Can I Get the Grade I Really Want? should get students attention. It is all part of our ongoing emphasis on the fact that the key to student success is hard work. The schedule is designed to fit on one page so students can pin it to a wall and keep track easily. This particular schedule follows the basic plan of Sample Outline 2 on page 8. It is meant to serve as a template that you can adapt if you wish, since it is already sized properly to fit on one page. If you have a MWF class rather than a T/Th class, you can instead use the following cells as your basic template:
Mondays Mar 4 Reading: Chapter 8 On-line quiz: Chapter 8 basic Mar 6 Wednesdays Viewing (optional): Cosmos ep. 4 Mar 8 Fridays Homework 4 due
Note: on the first day of class, you may also wish to hand out the Assignment 1 that we describe on page 39; this can be a good way to get a sense of where your students are coming from, as well as to get students excited about what theyll be learning in the class. Note: If you choose to make use of the Cosmos videos, as we do on this schedule, you can do so in a variety of ways. For example, you can have the videos on reserve at the library for students to watch on their own time. You might also arrange evening showings at a time that works for most of your students (and others can watch them on their own). If you really want the students to come to the viewings, provide cookies or other refreshments that will encourage mingling after the video.
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Instructors Guide
Introductory Astronomy 1: The Solar System Syllabus

Dr. Jeffrey Bennett Tu, Th 12:30 1:45 pm, Duane Physics Building, Room 1B30
Office: Stadium room 119. Phone: 303-440-9313 E-mail: jbennett@casa.colorado.edu; personal web page: www.jeffreybennett.com Office hours/open review sessions: Tu, Th: 23 pm, at my office. W, F: 12:301:30pmLook for me in the main dining area of the Student Union; Ill try to be at a table near the northwest corner. If these hours do not work for you, e-mail me to make an appointment for a time that will be convenient.
General Information
Astronomy 1 is one of two general courses in introductory astronomy. In this class we concentrate on the development of human understanding of the universe and survey current understanding of our planetary system. The other semester (Astronomy 2) explores our understanding of the structure and evolution of stars and galaxies, and current scientific theories concerning the history of the Universe. No scientific or mathematical background is assumed, beyond the entrance requirements to the University. Astronomy is a science, however, so you will be expected to develop your critical thinking skills in order to understand and apply the scientific method. In terms of mathematics, we will use only arithmetic and a bit of simple algebra. Although I have taught this course many times previously, there is always room for improvement. Please feel free to make comments, criticisms, or suggestions at any time. I will make any adjustments that are necessary to ensure that you find the course both challenging and rewarding.
Required Textbooks/Media
The textbook for this course is The Cosmic Perspective, Third Edition, by Bennett, Donahue, Schneider, and Voit. You will also need a personal access kit for the Astronomy Place website and the SkyGazer CD, both of which should have come with your book if you purchased a new copy. (Note: If you purchased a used copy of the book, you can buy access to the website on-line at www.astronomyplace.com.)
Course Requirements and Grading

Your final grade will be based on the following work: Six homework assignments. Late homework will be accepted only if you have made prior arrangements and there is a very good reason for the lateness. Scores from on-line quizzes. You may take a quiz as many times as you wish BEFORE its due date, and you will be credited with your highest score. If you take a quiz late, you will be credited with the first score you get, minus a 10% late penalty.
215
Class Participation: During classes, we will engage in discussions and occasional activities, some of which may involve completing worksheets. Participation in these activities will form part of your final grade. Observing Sessions: We will have several nights where the campus observatory is reserved for our class. You are required to attend at least one of these observing sessions and complete the observing worksheet that will be given to you when you arrive. Exams: We will have two in-class midterms and one final exam.
Calculating Your Final Grade

Your final course grade will be weighted as follows: Homework Quizzes Class Participation Observing Sessions Midterm 1 Midterm 2 Final Exam Total 25% 10% 10% 5% 10% 15% 25% 100%
A final score of 99100% will be an A+; 9298 is an A; 9091 is an A; the pattern continues for each lower grade.
Common Courtesy Guidelines

For the benefit of your fellow students and your instructors, you are expected to practice common courtesy with regard to all course interactions. For example: Show up for class on time. Turn off your cell phones before class begins! Do not leave class early, and do not rustle papers in preparation to leave before class is dismissed. Be attentive in class; stay awake, dont read newspapers, etc. If you must be late or leave early on any particular day, please inform your instructor or TA in advance. Play well with others. Be kind and respectful to your fellow students and your teachers. You can expect your grade to be lowered if you do not practice common courtesy.
Can I Get the Grade I Really Want?

Yesbut it will depend on your effort. It does not matter whether you have even learned anything about astronomy before or whether you are good in science. What does matter is your willingness to work hard. Astronomy is a demanding course, in which we will move quickly and each new topic will build on concepts covered previously. If you fall behind at any time, you will find it extremely difficult to get caught back up. If you want to get a good grade in this class, be sure to pay special attention to the following: Carefully read the section in the Preface of your textbook called How to Succeed in Your Astronomy Course. It describes how much time you should expect to spend studying outside class and lists a number of useful suggestions about how to study efficiently. When you turn in assignments of any kind, make sure they are done clearly and carefully. Refer to the separate handout on Presenting Homework and Writing Assignments. 216
Instructors Guide
Dont procrastinate. The homework assignments will take you several hours, so if you leave them to the last minute youll be in troubleand it will be too late for you to ask for help. Both quizzes and homework need to be completed on time if you want to avoid late penalties. Dont miss class, and make sure you come to class prepared, having completed the assignments due by that date. Dont be a stranger to your instructorcome see me in office hours, even if you dont have any specific questions. If you find yourself confused or falling behind for any reason at any time, let me know immediately! No matter what is causing your difficulty, I are quite willing to work with you to find a way for you to succeedbut I cant help if we dont know theres a problem.
A Closing Promise
All the hard work described above might sound a bit intimidating, but I can make you this promise: Few topics have inspired humans throughout the ages as much as the mysteries of the heavens. This class offers you the opportunity to explore these mysteries in depth, learning both about our tremendous modern understanding of the universe and about the mysteries that remain. If you work hard and learn the material well, this class will be one of the most rewarding classes of your college career.
217
Schedule
The indicated assignments should be completed before class on the listed date. Listen in class and check your e-mail for updates to the schedule or syllabus.
Aug 24 Aug 31 Sep 7 Sep 14 Sep 21 Sep 28 Oct 5 Oct 12 Oct 19 Oct 26 Nov 2 Nov 9 Nov 16 Nov 23 Nov 30 Dec 7 Reading: Chapter 24 On-line Quiz: Ch. 24 Basic Final Exam: Monday, Dec. 14, 3:30 ..6:30 .. Tuesdays First day of class On-line Quiz: Ch. 1 Basic Viewing (optional): Cosmos ep. 2 Reading: Chapter 3 Viewing (required): Cosmos ep. 3 On-line Quiz: Ch. 3 Basic Reading: Chapter S1 On-line quiz: Ch. S1 Basic Reading: Chapter 5 On-line Quiz: Ch. 5 Basic Reading: Chapters 6 On-line Quiz: Ch. 6 Basic FIRST MIDTERM (IN CLASS) Reading: Chapter 9 On-line Quiz: Ch. 9 Basic Reading: Chapter 10 On-line Quiz: Ch. 10 Basic Reading: Chapter 11 On-line Quiz: Ch. 11 Basic Viewing (optional): Cosmos ep. 5 Reading: Chapter 12 On-line Quiz: Ch. 12 Basic Reading: Chapter 13 On-line Quiz: Ch. 13 Basic Reading: Chapter 14 On-line Quiz: Ch. 14 Basic Aug 26 Sep 2 Sep 9 Sep 16 Sep 23 Sep 30 Oct 7 Oct 14 Oct 21 Oct 28 Nov 4 Nov 11 Nov 18 Nov 25 Dec 2 HOMEWORK 4 DUE SECOND MIDTERM (IN CLASS) HOMEWORK 5 DUE Viewing (optional): Cosmos ep. 6 Thanksgiving Holiday No class! HOMEWORK 6 DUE Thursdays Reading: Chapter 1 Viewing (optional): Cosmos ep. 1 Reading: Chapter 2 On-line Quiz: Ch. 2 Basic HOMEWORK 1 DUE
Reading: Chapter 4 On-line Quiz: Ch. 4 Basic HOMEWORK 2 DUE Reading: Chapter 7 On-line Quiz: Ch. 7 Basic Reading: Chapter 8 On-line Quiz: Ch. 8 Basic HOMEWORK 3 DUE Viewing (optional): Cosmos ep. 4
* Observatory nights (weather dependent): Aug. 30, Sep 22, Oct 6, Nov 4, Dec 1.
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Instructors Guide
Appendix 5 Handout on Homework Presentation

If you assign written work to your students, youll find that it is far easier to grade if it is turned in in a form that is easy for you to read. For our own classes, we have developed a one-page handout that describes clearly what we expect of our students when they turn in written work. The handout appears on the next page. You may feel free to photocopy it and hand it out to all your students in any of your courses. Note that these guidelines apply both to printed and e-mailed assignments.
Handout appears on next page
219
Presenting Homework and Writing Assignments

All work that you turn in should be of collegiate quality: neat and easy to read, well organized, and demonstrating mastery of the subject matter. Future employers and teachers will expect this quality of work. Moreover, although submitting homework of collegiate quality requires extra effort, it serves two important purposes directly related to learning: 1. The effort you expend in clearly explaining your work solidifies your learning. In particular, research has shown that writing and speaking trigger different areas of your brain. By writing something downeven when you think you already understand ityour learning is reinforced by involving other areas of your brain. 2. By making your work clear and self-contained (that is, making it a document that you can read without referring to the questions in the text), you will have a much more useful study guide when you review for a quiz or exam. The following guidelines will help ensure that your assignments meet the standards of collegiate quality: Always use proper grammar, proper sentence and paragraph structure, and proper spelling. All answers and other writing should be fully self-contained. A good test is to imagine that a friend is reading your work and ask yourself whether the friend would understand exactly what you are trying to say. It is also helpful to read your work out loud to yourself, making sure that it sounds clear and coherent. In problems that require calculation: Be sure to show your work clearly. By doing so, both you and your instructor can follow the process you used to obtain an answer. Also, please use standard mathematical symbols, rather than calculator-eze. For example, show multiplication with the x symbol (not with an asterisk), and write 105, not 10^5 or 10E5. Word problems should have word answers. That is, after you have completed any necessary calculations, any problem stated in words should be answered with one or more complete sentences that describe the point of the problem and the meaning of your solution. Express your word answers in a way that would be meaningful to most people. For example, most people would find it more meaningful if you express a result of 720 hours as 1 month. Similarly, if a precise calculation yields an answer of 9,745,600 years, it may be more meaningful in words as nearly 10 million years. Finally, pay attention to details that will make your assignments look good. For example: If you are turning in your work electronically (e.g., by e-mail), be sure that you still follow standard rules of writing. For example, avoid typing your work in all caps or using the shorthand that you may use when sending instant messages to friends. If you are turning in your work on printed paper, try to make it look as professional as possible. For example, use standard-size white paper with clean edges (that is, do not tear paper out of notebooks, because it will have ragged edges), and staple all pages together rather than using paper clips or folded corners (because clips and corners tend to get caught with other students papers). Ideally, turn in your work as typed pages. If you must hand write it, please print neatly we will not grade papers that are difficult to read. Include illustrations whenever they help explain your answer, and make sure your illustrations are neat and clear. For example, if you graph by hand, use a ruler to make straight lines. If you use software to make illustrations, be careful not to make them overly cluttered with unnecessary features.
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Appendix 1 Using Voyager SkyGazer, College Edition

Appendix 2 Using the Cosmos Series

The Cosmic Perspective, Third Edition

The Cosmos Series: Episode/Scene Titles

The Cosmos Series: Episode/Scene Titles (continued)

The Cosmic Perspective, Third Edition

Appendix 3 Complete Section-by-Section Resource Grid

The Cosmic Perspective, Third Edition

The Cosmic Perspective CHAPTER/SECTION 1. Our Place in the Universe

Cosmic Lecture Launcher CD-ROM APPLETS

Astronomy Place Online MOVIE

Carl Sagans COSMOS Segment VHS or DVD

1.1 A Modern View of the Universe

1.2 The Scale of the Universe

1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-11

Distances scales: stars and galaxies

Lesson 3 Special: A Tour of the Solar System

1.3 Spaceship Earth

File: Basic Folder Chicago 10000AD; Dragging the Sky

1.4 The Human Adventure of Astronomy The Celestial Sphere

Discovering the Universe for Yourself

2.1 Patterns in the Sky

2.2 The Circling Sky

The Celestial Sphere

The Cosmic Perspective CHAPTER/SECTION

Astronomy Place Online TUTORIAL

Cosmic Lecture Launcher CD-ROM APPLETS

Astronomy Place Online MOVIE

Voyager: SkyGazer CD-ROM, v. 3.4

Carl Sagans COSMOS Segment VHS or DVD

2.3 The Reason for Seasons

Lesson 2 Lesson 3 The Suns position in the sky

The solstices and equinoxes

2.4 Precession of Earths Axis

Phases of the Moon

Time of day and horizons

inner_ss_and_moon_orbit cause_of_lunar_phases moon_orbit_from_earth how_simulate_lunar_phases phases_of_the_moon the_horizon time_and_location_of_sun moon_rise_and_set_vs_phase

Types of solar eclipses

2.6 The Ancient Mystery of the Planets

The Cosmic Perspective CHAPTER/SECTION 3. The Science of Astronomy

Cosmic Lecture Launcher CD-ROM APPLETS

Astronomy Place Online MOVIE

Voyager: SkyGazer CD-ROM, v. 3.4

Carl Sagans COSMOS Segment VHS or DVD

3.1 Everyday Science

3.2 The Ancient Roots of Science

3.3 Ancient Greek Science

1-9 1-10 13-5 13-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11

3.4 The Copernican Revolution

Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Keplers third law

Keplers second law

drawing_ellipse_with_string what_is_a_circle orbital_rad_and_orbital_pos eccentrcty_and_semimjr_axis kepler_2_velocty_vs_orbit_r kepler_2_area_and_time_int orbit_vs_init_velocty_and_r kepler_3_orbit_period_vs_r

3.5 The Nature of Science 3.6 Astrology

Astronomers vs. Astrologers Astrology

S1. Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation

S1.1 Astronomical Time Periods

S1.2 Daily Timekeeping

S1.3 The Calendar

S1.4 Mapping Locations in the Sky