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MARKETING MANAGEMENT

LP-5 LECTURE MATERIAL

Target Market Definition:

A target market consists of different groups of individuals, households, and


organizations towards which a company aims to offer its products and services.
Businesses can create and implement effective marketing strategies once they know
about the needs and preferences of specific clients. It increases sales revenue and
market share of the brand.

Businesses must segment consumer groups based on geography, demography,


psychography, and purchasing behavior to target a potential market. Even the best
marketing efforts will fail and cost time and money to the company if it does not
articulate markets. Consumer research and limited product offerings are common
ways for brands to evaluate the market and consumer behavior before launching.

Key Takeaways

A target market is a specific market segment consisting of different groups of


individuals, households, and organizations with select product preferences and
budgets and to whom a company wants to offer its goods and services.

Brands commonly use consumer surveys, market research, competition


analysis, and limited product offerings to assess the market and consumer behavior
before launching.

Geographic, demographic, psychographic, and buying habits are examples


of target market segmentation.
Understanding Target Market

Target markets are segments of potential customers willing to spend money


on products and services. In addition, each customer has a specific product choice
and budget. Therefore, the company matches consumer demands with its offerings
and develops marketing strategies accordingly. It, thus, enables a business to acquire
new clients and expand in new markets, making it a profitable segment.

Companies look up to certain types of clients to ensure increased sales and


profits. For example, the target market of Apple, Inc. consists of students, managers,
executives, and professionals. They require gadgets and electronic devices for
academic and professional purposes.

The 80-20 rule or Pareto Principle is a phenomenon primarily used in business


and economics that explains how 20% of efforts or inputs can yield 80% of results
or outputs. It helps identify and focus on the crucial factors to create maximum value
while delegating the least important ones. Read more or Pareto Principle plays a
crucial role in identifying the target group of customers. It means 20% of customers
would lead to 80% of the profit. Hence, a business must try to retain its loyal
customers.

Typically, when a company manufactures a product or provides a service, it


already knows the types of customers it wants to target. The best strategy for brands
to identify their markets is to use the ideal client image existing in their minds.
Choosing Target Markets: A Step-by-Step Approach

A business must take several actions to attract a specific segment of the


market. It is a crucial component of the marketing strategy and impacts the features,
price, and distribution of products and services:

Conduct Market research refers to a business strategy wherein an organization


analyzes the market trends, competition, and consumer preferences ahead of
launching new products or services. It involves collecting and interpreting data
during product development or marketing to help businesses make informed
decisions. read more and industry analysis. Industry analysis refers to the analysis
of industry’s environment that guides the industry to grow and survive in a
competitive environment and gain a competitive edge in the industry as it predicts
the future and changes in the market and analyze the threats and opportunities in the
way ahead and making decisions and planning according to it.

1. Understand customer needs, preferences, and purchase behavior


2. Analyze the market competition and product pricing
3. Segment the market and create effective market strategies

It is almost impossible to design a marketing plan without identifying the market.


And businesses are likely to lose out on the customers they wish to attract. Hence,
companies develop a marketing plan based on the articulation of the target group of
customers. The majority of them do so after releasing their items into the market.
They, nevertheless, should consider planning strategies ahead of time.
The market selection is almost complete once organizations determine why
their products are helpful, what benefits they may offer, and whom they will attract.

Types Of Target Market

Businesses must categorize their action areas while segmenting a specific


market for their marketing efforts to be effective.

They can only succeed if they correctly classify their target customers in the
following four categories:

#1 – Geographic

A business can choose which market to focus on based on the location and
type of products and services it provides. This target market segmentation considers
that different consumer groups in a geographic area may require specific products
or services.

For example, if a company makes waterproof paint that keeps home exteriors
safe during the monsoons, locations witnessing heavy rainfall throughout the year
would be the best place to market it. Companies can find appropriate locations using
the country code, postal code, area code, city, province, state, etc.

#2 – Demographic

A business must research the population before deciding on the ideal


consumer group to target. It will allow the company to make well-informed
decisions based on correct data. As a result, they can correctly define their markets
and target customers of the appropriate age, gender, economic level, race, religion,
education, marital status, etc.
For example, if a company sells beer, it should plan its target market strategy for
people aging 18 to 50.

#3 – Psychographic

This segmentation considers people’s lifestyle choices in an area where a


company intends to run its advertising campaigns and introduce new products.
Personality, attitude, interests, values, beliefs, and socioeconomic status are crucial
factors to consider when identifying a potential consumer base.

For example, a company planning to launch a pet product knows that its target
customers will primarily be upper- and upper-middle-class people. As a result, its
marketing efforts would focus on those people as their key clients.

#4 – Behavioral

A business must be aware of facts to determine how well its product would
perform in a specific demographic or social setting. Understanding buying habits
will let companies know how their products can meet consumer needs, both in terms
of features and usability, which are the most critical issues in buying.

Target Market Examples

Let us look at the following target market examples to understand the concept
better:

Example #1

Jane has created stunning jewelry designs and plans to sell a unique collection
to ladies in the city. With several competitors already dominating the market, she
made every effort to make each design different.
She also conducted social media surveys and introduced promotion schemes
before having the designs ready for sale. She observed that the ladies in the town are
looking for something different from what others prefer wearing.

After studying the population in different ways, she decided to transform


those designs into fine jewelry pieces. In her marketing campaign, she targeted mid-
aged women who desire to wear something unique for parties to flaunt their unique
jewelry collection.

Her marketing efforts paid off, and sales increased faster than projected.

Example #2

Targeting a market has never been easier, thanks to technological


advancements. Let us take Facebook’s tracking of iOS users’ behavior as an example
here.

Retailers run advertising campaigns on the social media platform on behalf of


customers. Facebook uses the information gathered from targeted ads to track the
buying activities of its clients and identify target customer groups. Based on the
purchase behavior, the social networking website helps advertisers determine the
specific market segment where customers share similar preferences.

However, in early June 2021, Apple, Inc. released an iOS software update for
iPhones that provided customers the choice of whether they would like to be tracked.
This iOS App Tracking Transparency feature is believed to severely affect Facebook
Inc.’s advertisers and the targeted advertising across the Internet

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