Oscar Rohayo 11--29-678-734

1) Solve the following questions from chapter 1 of the text book:

1.3) If the lattice constant of silicon is 5.43Å, calculate (a) the distance from the center of one silicon atom to the
3 3
center of its nearest neighbor, (b) the number density of silicon atoms (#/cm ), and (c) the mass density (g/cm ) of r
silicon.
1.9) (a) A crystal with a simple cubic lattice structure is composed of atoms with an effective radius of r=2.25Åand r
has an atomic weight of 12.5. Determine the mass density assuming the atoms are hard spheres and nearest neighbors
are touching each other. (b) Repeat part (a) for a body-centered cubic structure.
1.11) The crystal structure of sodium chloride (NaCl) is a simple cubic with the Na and Cl atoms alternating
positions. Each Na atom is then surrounded by six Cl atoms and likewise each Cl atom is surrounded by six Na atoms.
r
(a) Sketch the atoms in a (100) plane. (b) Assume the atoms are hard spheres with nearest neighbors touching. The
effective radius of Na is 1.0 Å and the effective radius of Cl is 1.8Å. Determine the lattice constant. (c) Calculate the
volume density of Na and Cl atoms. (d) Calculate the mass density of NaCl.
1.14) (a) The crystal structure of a particular material consists of a single atom in the center of a cube. The lattice
constant is a0 and the diameter of the atom is a0. Determine the volume density of atoms and the surface density of
atoms in the (110) plane. (b) Compare the results of part (a) to the results for the case of the simple cubic structure
`
shown in Figure 1.5a with the same lattice constant.

1.21) Consider a face-centered cubic lattice. Assume the atoms are hard spheres with the surfaces of the nearest
neighbors touching. Assume the radius of the atom is 2.5 Å. (a) Calculate the volume density of atoms in the crystal.
(b) Calculate the distance between nearest (110) planes. (c) Calculate the surface density of atoms on the (110) plane.

2) a) Explain the significance of knowing the surface density of atoms in a crystal? b) Calculate the surface density of
atoms in (100), (110) and (111) planes of GaAs crystal? c) repeat part (b) for silicon crystal?

3) Determine the Miller indices for the plane shown in figures.

 Assignment # d-
I. 3
a)
.

A
=+(&Ñ=%=zÉ É* . - - - -

(¥?_faÉ¥=TÉ ¥÷÷¥
*
'
✗⇐
(g)
'
+
•
top view
*
-

a¥e
B
=

.
✗ ayy ⇐ 44
P

94
¥2

b) Number
density .

atoms
#
ooo
••

A- atoms = b.
Me + b. Yet 4 ••
•

* atoms .
= 8. atoms .

Volume =
a3= 15.43×0 San )3
-

E. Number density ¥→.→emp-

"

atomic
•
=
← 4.99×10

-086¥ T.no?zt--#sa+oms---
Silicon "66×0
mass
per atom
28
,
•

?¥
density
-_saFÉ÷?÷¥
mass
( glans )

mass
339m€
= 2-
t.BE#--
F = 2.25
atomic weight 12.5

•
mass
Density ?
⑨ oms ) I I

Y
→
☒ '
7
= 1- atom in se

r→
2.076×10-232 / atom
←

1258¥ }¥-zz×pzz-a¥
__
I
mass .

Mass
Density = ×Ñ"Ha¥É* = 0.227
gloms
Czr)3 CMB

$2 '

aFs= Yar so
a=¥g-

?I€ tmiZ¥"
mass 12.5

:-#
__
-

mass =
4.15
-
✗ so -23g KAK

/
Volume as
__(¥j=Ñz%%_
*
= cms zr
r

mass
f- mq→=3%y¥f%En ,

Mass 0.296
¥
=

Density
Ma
V.

) dot
'

CI • •

: ←
• •

• •

Nat • :* •
g-
riot
•
. •

b) a
Na = 1. Ot

Cl = t.SE Na
or = c. OF + t.SK = 2. St

Volume density
c) = #
atoms .

atom
Af ✗ Yes =
12 .

for Nate CT
"
oB_É =
2.27 ✗ 10
a¥÷s .

2x G. stem]
Since there of atoms for both
"

are the same #

bat & d- % the Vol density is the same .

d) Na =
23.91m -1
Cl =
35.4g / not .

G.ozj.tt?,o#sayn.Pat/z0m-=
"
1.90-a5
238¥,
M= -

-4¥ !¥→×, at- Eaton

☒ ' •
'

'
23
2.93 ✗ co
g
-

=
,

NaCl
☐
mass U.es ✗ a- g
=

YI.IE??I-yaisMassDensity- 2-2og/an3
mass
Density -
d°/#
( 1107

☒•

Ao

Volume
Density :#¥¥
•

V01
# atoms

Density ¥ alomlcms
=
=

↳ •
8 a- 1=2

.
.

"
* t s CIO )
Surface
•
Density #atgzs_ 4.4+1 2 atoms
-
=
=
=

Areas do •
a. Fe = FLAT
surface
Density 2FI.in#mz--F2o-EnI-
=

b) Vol Density
• = # atoms =
YE - S -
9-atom

Vol = ais : Vel Density -_

¥10m 3
a%

§
can

Surface
•
Density __*÷¥="¥aI÷

[
a-→
E- ¥2
⇐ a. ←
.

Clio ]
the 90T£
surface Density & Vol density are • •
double
'
for B. c. c compared to S.c.

siree the dimensions the same

are 90
but there is 2 atoms instead of 9-
• ☒
 0¥ r= 2.5A

Volume
Density #a¥Ys
=

# atoms
• =

% -
S +
I.
6

4 atoms

5=12.5×10-8
-

cm )
Vol =
a? .

- 8 At 252^2 for
7.*
# e. a
A = 10 am .

"
a+%m3
a) Density -_⇐÷ = 0.131×0

b) ✗ =

act =Czs×o→{m)
✗ =
1.7 ✗ 158cm or 1¥.7A° ✗

c)
E ×

t
top view
are
→
←
aTz→
*
✗ X=aFE

Density
'

Surface
#a¥as
= +
=

1014
=
=
2.89 ✗
ag÷z .
?⃝
 a) Semiconductors are fabricated at or near
surface The electrical
properties of
a a
.

material are .
determined
by the arrangement of
atoms in a solid . Thus
, Kooning the surface density
atoms understand
of in a

crystal us
help
its
properties . .

b)
• ( 1007

atoms :

1/4.41-4=2 .

"
a-
-
5.65 A

Surface Density __

I-gx.gs?mj--- 6-27×10 "

a¥→ .

• ( 110 )
atoms
tg -4+2-12+2
__
.

atoms =
4
Surface
Dens.it#--azf---S..6Sxid÷÷
"

•
( 1117
atoms
¥-
-_

3.12+3.1-6=3.1-8 __
F-

i. Surface
Density =

2¥
H←¥z÷ tan
60=2%2 =

d•aFE
'

h= tan
'
Area b✗¥
=
⇐

ar2•arz_§TD
Area =

a2tan#
.

(5•65✗Ñ%tI#B)_
⇐
A Cmc
-

2.76
.

= ✗ 10

Surface Density 7.25×10 "

=

⇐ =
atY→
Same GaAs
as , only a

A' =
5.43 t for SE • changed .

400)=
Z£t0÷,,gqmy= 6-78×10 "
at%z .

"
☒• )
UazatY- 9.59×10
atomy
°
= =

41 " "

?zat÷s→2= 7.83×10
atomy
=
 3)
① Intercepts =

2 =-3 ¥-2
p= , 9- ,
① ②
reciprocal 121 tf 1+2
-
=

plane (32-3)
3g § f-
G. c. ☐ % is
,
,

②
✗ = - I

Ya ÷⇐

µ
g-
2- = 00

**

/
y
'

reciprocal -_

-1T¥ ,
too
'
Ya

G. c. D C- 1,2 0 )
?
=
,

plane (-1-20)
Using symmetry is