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Development

The document is an economics chapter that discusses key concepts related to development, including national income, per capita income, human development factors like infant mortality rate and literacy rate. It provides definitions and drawbacks of various economic indicators used to measure and compare development across countries. For example, while per capita income is useful, it does not show how income is distributed or account for non-market activities. The chapter emphasizes that development should be sustainable and improve living standards for both present and future generations.

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juanmohammed3201
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144 views

Development

The document is an economics chapter that discusses key concepts related to development, including national income, per capita income, human development factors like infant mortality rate and literacy rate. It provides definitions and drawbacks of various economic indicators used to measure and compare development across countries. For example, while per capita income is useful, it does not show how income is distributed or account for non-market activities. The chapter emphasizes that development should be sustainable and improve living standards for both present and future generations.

Uploaded by

juanmohammed3201
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

OUR OWN HIGH SCHOOL, AL WARQA’A

DEVELOPMENT 2023-2024
Grade: X
ECONOMICS CHAPTER 1
1 What is development?

Development refers to the process as a result of


which along with increase in real per capita
income, reduction in inequality, poverty
illiteracy and diseases.
2 What is National Income?

National income is defined as the total value of


all goods services (income from primary,
secondary, and tertiary sectors) produced within
a country plus income coming from abroad.

Drawbacks/demerits
It is not useful measure since, countries have
different population, comparing total income
will not tell us what an average person is
likely to earn.
It does not take into consideration the
qualitative aspect of development.

3 What is per capita income?

Per capita income is the average income of the


people in a country and it can be calculated by
dividing national income by the total population
living in the country.

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Drawbacks:
• Per capita income does not show the real
growth of an economy because it does not
consider various issues like health education
and literacy.
• It hides differences-It does not tell us how
this income is distributed among the people.
• Production of some goods does not add to the
economic welfare of the country eg: Tobacco,
arms.
• It ignores non-market transaction-It does not
include goods whose statically value cannot
be computed. Eg: service of house wife,
social worker.

4 What is infant mortality rate?


It indicates the no. of children that die under
the age of one year as a proportion of 1000
living children born in a year.

5 What is literacy rate?


It measures the proportional of literate
population in the 7 and above age group.

6 What is net attendance ratio?


It is a total number of children of age group 6-
10 attending school as a percentage of total no.
of children in the same age group.
7 Why Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate?
Kerala has low infant mortality rate because it
has adequate provisions of health and
educational facilities.

State the criteria used to compare different

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8 countries by Human Development Report published
by UNDP.
Education, health and per capital income.

9 Mention the organization which publishes the


Human Development ratio.
UNDP

10 Which is the most important single attribute of


a developed country?
Income

11 In India which is places that use ground water


is generally found.

Western UP and Punjab.

12 Mention one development goal that all categories


of people aspire for.
People desire regular work, better wages and
decent price for their crops or product that
they produce. They want more income.

13 What is BMI?
1)Take the weight of the person in Kilogram,
then take the height in meters,

2)divide the weight by the square of the height.

3)If this figure is less than 18.5 then the


person would be considered undernourished.
However, if the BMI is more than 25, then a
person is overweight.

3
14 What is Sustainable development?
It is the process of economic development which
aims at maintaining the quality of life of both
present and future generation without
Damaging the environment.

15 Criterion to classify a country (World Bank


Criterion)
Countries with per capita income of US $49,300
per annum and above in 2012 are called rich
countries. Those countries with per capita
income of US2500 or less are called low income
countries. India falls into low income as its
per capita income in 2017 was just US $6700 per
annum. The rich countries, excluding countries
of Middle east and certain other small
countries, are generally called developed
countries.
16 Give some examples where factors other than
income are important aspects of our lives.
Working atmosphere, freedom, security. Etc.

17 Define Gross Enrolment Ratio.


It indicates the percentage of population
enrolled at primary, middle, secondary and
university levels.

18 Give one example to show that development


aspiration can at times be conflicting.
Or
Development for one may not be development for
the other
Development for one may not be development for
the other. Eg: construction of dams may benefit
Industrialists, where as for a farmer it may

4
submerge the land and disrupt the lives of
people who are displaced such as tribal’s.
19 What is life expectancy rate?
It suggests the average expected length of life
of a person at the time of birth.

20 What does pre-fixing human to development imply?


It implies that what is important in development
is what is happening to the citizens of a
country.
21 In what respects is the criterion used by the
UNDP for measuring development different from
the one used by the world bank.
UNDP compares the countries based on the Human
Development Index namely the education levels of
the people(knowledge) their health status
(longevity) and their percentage income (Decent
standard of living) as compared to the WORLD
BANK which uses per capita income measuring
development.
22 Why is the issue of sustainability important for
development?
The issue of sustainability is important for
development because rapid economic growth and
industrialization has led to reckless
exploitation of resources. But the stock of
these resources like crude oil limited
endangering the growth of all countries in the
future.

Besides, their use damages the environment and


ecology because they peculate the environment.
So development should take place without
damaging the environment and development in the
present should also not compromise on the needs

5
of the future generation.

Two ways in which the resources can be used


judiciously are as followers
1) Stress on development techniques for the
economical extraction of resources.
2) Use of alternative sources of resources.
3) Effective steps to recycle used resources.
4) Limiting waste material and energy at
production level.

23 “The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs


of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of
even one person.” How is this statement relevant
to the discussion of development? Discuss.
It implies that our Earth produces enough to
meet the needs of all but it is the greedy and
selfish individuals who have over exploited the
resources to satisfy their own interest.
So, resource conservation at various levels is
important.

24 Money cannot buy all the goods and services that


one needs to live well. Do you agree with the
statement? Justify.
Yes, we agree with the statement that money
cannot buy all the goods and services that one
needs to live well.

1) Money can buy things that can be one factor


on which our life depends like food. But
the quality of non-material things like
freedom, security and respect cannot be
bought with money.

6
2) We cannot buy pollution free environment,
unadulterated medicines and peace with
money.
3) School, colleges, parks hospitals etc. Are
the facilities which cannot be run
individually? There has to be a collective
effort of team work between the government
and society in providing these to the
general public.

BY MR GERARD GOMES

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