ACTIVE and PASSIVE

SPORTS
 LESSON 1:
INDIVIDUAL SPORTING
EVENTS (TRACK
ACTIVITIES)
Sports
are athletic events or activities
that entail physical exertion and
participation. The primary
objective of sports is enjoyment.
It can help improve teamwork and
leadership skills.
Teamwork
It is observed when
working together with
other people during a
game or match.
Leadership
Is the ability to guide
others in an organized
and responsible
manner
Sportsmanship
is the ability to treat all
players, game officials,
and spectators fairly
during the competitions
Types of Sports
Individual Sports
Dual Sports
Individual Sports
are a game played by a single player
against himself or herself
Latin word INDIVIUALIS and
INDIVIDUUS means NOT, and
DIVIDUS means DIVISIBLE.
Athletics
Is considered the simplest and oldest
sport, being the basis of the ancient
Olympic Games.
The basic categories of athletes are
track events comprising of runs and
walks; and field events which include
jumps and throws
Track Events
There are different kinds of
races, from the 50-meter
sprint to the distance race
that require endurance.
B. Hurdling
is the act of running
and jump over some
obstacle, with
speed component
 LESSON II
RACKET ENGAGEMENT
ACTION (TABLE TENNIS
AND BADMINTON)
Racket Sports
are characterized by the use
of an implement (rocket) to
volley an object over to the
other side of the court over
a net.
THREE POPULAR RACKET SPORTS:
Table tennis
Badminton
Lawn tennis
A. TABLE TENNIS
The game of table
tennis was invented
in England during the
19th century.
A. TABLE TENNIS
It is played on a
full-size table -
tennis table.
 It is sometime called ping
pong, is played on a table with
a net at the middle, volleying a
light ball using rackets or
paddles (sometimes called
bats).
 On the receiving end, the
player must allow a bounce
off on his or her side of the
table before returning the
ball.
 EQUIPMENTS
USED IN PLAYING
TABLE TENNIS
 1. TABLE
- Measures by 9 feet to 5 feet, and
with a height of 3.5 feet.
2. NET
- Measure 6 inches high, placed in
the middle of the table.
 3. BALL
- It is made of light celluloid or plastic
material. Usually comes in different colors.
A mass of 2.7 grams (0.095 oz) and a
diameter of 40 millimeteres (1.57 in).
4. RACKET
- Sometime called bats, may be
of any size, shape, or weight.
4. RACKET
- They must have a thin
woode blade, which are
usually padded with rubber
materials.
TYPES OF
GRIPS
 1. PENHOLD GRIP
- Is similar to how one holds a pen
2. SHAKEHAND GRIP
- Is named after a position of the
fingers where the index finger
and thumb are wide apart, in the
manner of a handshake..
 3. V-GRIP
- Is when the forefinger and
the middle finger sandwiches
the blade.
CLASSIFICATION OF STROKES
1. Offensive
2. Defensive
 RULES IN
PLAYING THE
GAME
1. The game starts with the
server hitting the celluloid ball
with his/her racket.
2. The ball must first bounce on
his/her side of the net; then, on
the opponent's side or court.
3. The ball is batted back and
forth after the first bounce.
4. A player scores a point if
his/her opponent fails to make
a good serve or a successful
return.
5. Serving of the players
alternates every five points
scored.
6. In the earlier rule, the first
to score 21 points is the winner
of the game.
6. Traditionally, if both players
score 20 points, the first one
to score two points more than
his/her opponent is declared
the winner of a game.
7. A match may consist of
three or five games,
termed "Best of Three" or
"Best of Five" match.
B. BADMINTON
It is a sport very much
like tennis and is played
using rackets specific
for that sport.
B. BADMINTON
During the 16th century in
England, it was played in court
where the battledore (pade
was used to hit the shuttlecock
(bird) back and forth. 
B. BADMINTON
From there, it
spread out to whole
world.
 B. BADMINTON
In 1877, the Bath
Badminton Club was
created to set the first
official rules.
In 1934, the International Badminton Federation was formed with 9 contributing countries as its founder. In 1992, badminton was officially introduced in the Barcelona Olympics.
 B. BADMINTON
In 1934, the International
Badminton Federation
was formed with 9
contributing countries as
its founder.
In 1934, the International Badminton Federation was formed with 9 contributing countries as its founder. In 1992, badminton was officially introduced in the Barcelona Olympics.
 B. BADMINTON
In 1992, badminton was
officially introduced in
the Barcelona
Olympics.
In 1934, the International Badminton Federation was formed with 9 contributing countries as its founder. In 1992, badminton was officially introduced in the Barcelona Olympics.
 EQUIPMENTS
USED IN PLAYING
BADMINTON
 1. BADMINTON RACKET
- Serves as a tool to hit the
shuttlecock back and forth to the
opponent's side. Its frame shall
not exceed 680 mm in length and
230 mm in width.
1. BADMINTON RACKET
- For beginners, the head
and shaft are usually made
up of alloy or steel, making
it heavy.
1. BADMINTON RACKET
Heavy rackets are used to
train and strengthen the
wrist and forearm for a
good control.
1. BADMINTON RACKET
Most racket manufacturers categorized
this as:
1U - weighing 95-99 grams
2U - weighing 90-94 grams
3U - weighing 85-89 grams
4U - weighing 80-84 grams
5U - weighing 75-79 grams
 2. SHUTTLECOCK/BIRD
- Are coned - shaped materials
made from 16 overlying goose
feathers fixed around a cork
base, and covered with a thin
layer of leather.
 2. SHUTTLECOCK/BIRD
- There are two types of shuttles
that have different properties and
flight paths:
Nylon shuttles
Feather shuttles
 3. NET
- Nets are made of fine dark cord with a
thickness of 15 mm -20 mm. This must be
set on a pole positioned on the double
sidelines. The height from the surface
must be 5 ft. (1.55m) and 20 ft (6.1m)
wide.
 4. THE COURT
- The badminton court is shaped
like a rectangle marked with lines.
The court is 44 feet long and 17
feet wide for singles, and 20 feet
wide for doubles.
TECHNIQUES IN
PLAYING
BADMINTON
 1. BASIC GRIP
- To start playing badminton, you
must know the two basic grips in
order to control the racket. If you do
not learn how to hold your racket
properly, you will not be able to aim
accurately and hit the shuttlecock
forcefully.
a. Forehand grip - using your dominant/playing
hand, hold the racket as if you were shaking
hands with it. There should be a V-shape
forming in the middle of your thumb and index
finger. Grip the racket a little bit loose to have
a good control and greater flexibility. This grip
is used for forehand shots and clear head
shots.
b. Backhand grip - using your
dominant/playing hand, press the wider
surface handle using your thumb for
greater leverage and power. Still, grip
the racket as little bit loose in your
fingers.
2. BASIC STROKES
a. Overhead Forehand
Stroke- this is the most common
and often used stroke in badminton.
Using the forehand grip, this kind of
stroke creates more power than
the others.
2. BASIC STROKES
b. Underarm Forehand
Stroke- an underarm forehand
stroke is usually performed when
the opponent makes a drop shot
and the shuttle is clearly in front
of you.
2. BASIC STROKES
c. Overhead Backhand
Stroke - this stroke is done
when the shuttle is in the
backhand area above your
head.
2. BASIC STROKES
d. Underarm Backhand
Stroke -this is done when the
opponent makes a drop shot to
your backhand area in front of
youea above your head.
3. DIFFERENT SHOTS
a. Clear shot - this is done when
theopponent makes a drop shot
to your backhand area in front
of youea above your head.
3. DIFFERENT SHOTS
b. Drive shot - make a quick
counter-attack shot, making it
flat, horizontal and fast - back
to the opponent's court.
.
3. DIFFERENT SHOTS
c. Drop shot - using an overhead
stroke, hit the shuttlecock
softly downward towards the
opponent's forecourt closer to
the net.
3. DIFFERENT SHOTS
d. Smash - this is also known “ kill “,
this is a powerful force from up high
in the air, hitting the shuttle
downwards and fast towards the
opponent's court.
 SCORING AND
SERVING SYSTEM
SCORING AND SERVINGS SYSTEMS
- In most tournaments, a toss coin is used
to determine who serves first in the
game.
- From zero, a point is gained in every
rally won. A game ends when a player
reaches 21 points having a two-point
advantage.
SCORING AND SERVINGS SYSTEMS
A match maybe the best of three games,
meaning. a player wins a match by
winning two games.

- The score indicates the area where

the player will serve.
SCORING AND SERVINGS SYSTEMS
When the server's score is even number
(0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14...), he/she must serve
from the right service court. When the
server's score is an odd number
(1,3,5,7,9,11,13...), he/she must serve
from the left service court.
SCORING AND SERVINGS
SYSTEMS
Therefore, the right service
court is also called even service
court, and the left service court
is called the odd service court.
SCORING AND SERVINGS SYSTEMS
- In doubles, every time the serving side
succeeds a rally, the same person serves
again following the odd - even ruling. The
serve does not alternate among the
partners: it remains with one person,
until the opponent wins a rally and gets
the serve.
 LESSON 3:
DUAL ENGAGEMENT
ACTION
(Taekwondo)
Martial arts
— Refers to the various systems of
training for combat that have been
arranged or systematized. The basic
purpose of the martial arts is to
defend oneself against threats by
physically defeating the opponent.
Martial arts
According to the legend, an
Indian monk named Bodhidharma
contributed a lot to the martial
arts philosophies, which taught
humility and restraint best of
all.
Taekwondo
— It is a martial art that
originated in Korea. It is a sport
that combines combat and self-
defense techniques with sport
and exercise.
Taekwondo
Training in taekwondo includes a
system of blocks, kicks, punches,
and open-handed strikes. It also
involves several takedown or
sweeps, throws, and joint locks.
Taekwondo
— It is derived from the following
Korean words: tae which means "to
strike or break with foot," kwon
which means "to strike or break with
fist," and do which means "way,"
"method," or "path."
Taekwondo
Training in taekwondo includes a
system of blocks, kicks, punches,
and open-handed strikes. It also
involves several takedown or
sweeps, throws, and joint locks.
TRAINING IN
TAEKWONDO
A student of taekwondo takes part in the following:
1. Learning the techniques of the sport
2. Doing anaerobic and aerobic workouts, including
stretching exercises
3. Learning self-defense techniques
4. Learning the different patterns or forms of
movements
5. Participating in sparring
6. Practicing relaxation and meditation exercises,
including breathing control
A student of taekwondo takes part in the following:
7. Learning the different throwing and/or falling
techniques
8. Focusing on mental and ethical discipline, respect, and
self-confidence
9. Learning the breaking techniques
a. Power breaking- using straightforward techniques to
break as many boards as possible.
b. Speed breaking putting special focus on the speed
required to break several boards
A student of taekwondo takes part in the following:
c. Special techniques - breaking
fewer boards while utilizing jumping
or flying techniques

10. Taking exams to progress to the

next rank
RULES AND SCORING
IN TAEKWONDO
1. Hand and foot attacks to the head are allowed
2. The use of the knee, pushing, holding, hitting below the
belt, and hitting an opponent when he/she is on the floor
are not allowed.
3. The competitor with more scoring techniques wins at
the end of two minutes (or specified time)

4. Full force blows are allowed

5. A knockout result in a victory
6. The scoring system being observed are as follows:
a. One point for punch or kick to the body (inside the
red or blue areas of the uniform)
b. Two points for any punch to the head
c. Three points for any kick to the head (direct hit)
d. Four points for any spinning kick to the head
7. A player wins the match by:
a. Garnering the highest number of points after three
rounds
b. Scoring 12 points more than his/her opponent at the
end of the second round
 c. Disqualification of his/her
opponent
d. Knocking out his/her opponent
8. If scores of both players result to a tie at
the end of the first three rounds, another
round will be played where the first one to
score a point win. If ever no point is scored
during the fourth round, the referees will
decide the winner.
BASIC STANCE IN
TAEKWONDO
1. Attention Stance
2. Ready Stance
3. Back Stance
4. Horse Sitting Stance
5. Fighting Stance
BASIC BLOCKS IN
TAEKWONDO
1. Low Block
2. High/Rising Block
3. Outer Forearm Block
4. Inner Forearm Block
BASIC PUNCHES IN
TAEKWONDO
1. Jab
2. Uppercut
3. Backfist
4. Cross Punch
BASIC KICKS IN
TAEKWONDO
1. Front Kick
2. Side Kick
3. Crescent Kick
4. Roundhouse Kick