Week 1

WELCOME TO OUR
21 CENTURY LITERATURE
st
FROM THE PHILIPPINES & THE

WORLD CLASS
Dimensions of Philippine Literary
History
Stories like fables, parables and legends are part of our
childhood bedtimes stories. Our parents wished that we
would sleep at noon but in reality, skip us from playing
outdoors. Who would ever forget the times when we
skipped sleeping at noon and sneak out to our
grandparent’s house just to listen to their “Pinoy” versions
of fairytales, horror stories and legends. That is one best
thing about us Filipinos, we are enjoying our culture and
loving our literature.
History
Literature is said to be the written picture

of life. It mirrors our lives. It makes us
embrace our origin, culture and tradition and
even makes us realize what is it to be human.
It is a reproduction of our experiences and
information of a particular subject. Studying
literature helps us understand people, events
and society.
History
In this lesson, you will be able to

understand and appreciate the literature
by identifying the geographic, linguistic,
and ethnic dimensions of Philippine
literary history from pre-colonial to the
contemporary.
History
At the end of this lesson, you should be

able to:
1. define literature;
2. identify the geographic, linguistic, and
ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary
history from pre-colonial to the
cotemporary (EN12Lit-Ia-21);
Geography is the study of
the systems and processes involved in the
world's weather, mountains, seas, lakes, etc. and of
the ways in
which countries and people organize life within an area.
Linguistic- connected with language or

the study of language
Ethnic-relating or belonging to a group of people who

can be seen as distinct (= different) because they have
a shared culture, tradition, language, history, etc
History
 At the end of this lesson, you should be

able to:
3. explore thoughts on how the different
literary periods affect the manner of writing
of the literary authors; and,
4. familiarize the Philippine culture by
studying literature.
History
Before we start this journey, let

us check what you already know
about the concepts that you are
about to learn.
History
 Directions: Read each item carefully and choose the
letter of your answer from the list given. Use your
notebook as your answer sheet.
A. Literature F. Folk Song K. Legends
B. Syllabary G. Riddles L. Tanaga
C. Prose H. Epic
D. Poetry I. Fables
E. Proverbs J. Myth
Dimensions of Philippine Literary History
1. These are truths and

wise sayings expressed
in a language that is
popularly known.
2. A form of language
that has no formal
metrical structure.
3. A written
picture of life.
4. A story of gods and

goddesses told using a
traditional language
explaining mysteries, beliefs
and cultural practices.
5. These are stories

explaining origins handed
down from the past and
passed through different
generations.
6. This is a long narrative

poem about quests and
exciting adventures of a hero
with unusual strength and
power.
7. Literary work in which

special intensity is given to
the expression of feelings and
ideas using distinctive style
and rhythm.
8. An ancient Filipino
alphabet consisted of
seventeen symbols or they
called it “Alibata.”
9. This is a game in a form of

mystifying question and a
mind puzzle intended to be
solved.
10. These are stories intended

to teach human values which
animals used as characters
attributing human characters.
TRY THIS!
1. E 6. H
2. C 7. D
3. A 8. B
4. J 9. G
5. K 10. I
History
From your History class, try to

recall your lessons about the
colonizers that became part of
our history. This time, you are
about to answer another activity.
Good luck!
History
History
Awesome! You have finished another

activity! This time, you are about to
answer another one. Set your mood
to learn, explore and discover new
ideas and knowledge through this
activity.
History
History
Well done! You have now a grasp of the

development of the Philippine Literature from
the earlier periods up to the 21st Century
period. Let’s dig deeper on how far you have
gone as we keep on exploring the world of
literature. Happy exploring!
Activity 2: Literary Explore!
Directions: Read a short selection and answer the following questions in your activity notebook.
Literature illumines life. It grows on people’s

visions, on their behavior and in optimistic
experiences beyond the personal environment.
Philippine literature is filled with diverse work of
art and is continuously evolving in different
times. It started with chants, hums and songs
and passed through different generations and
later became a part of oral and written
tradition.
When colonization made an influence in the

development of the literary writings of the
Filipinos, that’s when oral literature is
developed. Oral literature such as riddles,
proverbs and other forms of poetry, different
stories like myths, folks and narratives that tell
about real- life practices aids to be their
language of life and a way of promoting their
cultural heritage.
History has a very significant role in literature. It

does not only show facts with using beautiful language,
but it does present the ideas and feelings of the people.
Literature also presents history, and it manifests the
aspirations and dreams of the people. It shows what
they wish and hope for the nation, or for themselves,
whether about nationalism, love, or other aspects going
on in life. Literature evolves as a certain place had gone
through a lot of changes and stood the many tests of
times.
Questions:
1. Based on the selection that you have
read, how do you define literature?
2. How do you describe the literary
works of our ancestors during earlier
times?
3. How important is the role of history
in literature? Explain your answer.
History
The Literary Forms in Philippine Literature
Etymologically, literature means writings

having excellence of form or expression. It
envelopes the major literary genres such as
poetry, drama, and fiction. It entails
distinctive use of the language in creative and
artistic ways.
Further, literature reflects the traditions

and culture of the society, the origin and
life experiences of the author, and even
allows us to navigate the truths and
realities embedded in the beauty of the
language.
Pre-Colonial Literature (Early Times – 1564)

Philippine’s Pre-Colonial Literature is heavily
rooted to our ancestors’ heritage, beliefs,
and culture. It was marked during the arrival
of the Philippines Archipelago’s first
inhabitants with which considered as the
forefathers of the Filipino today.
The Literary Forms in Philippine
Literature
During those times when the Philippines was free from

all colonization, it is overflowing with authentic and
abundant oral literature. Our ancestors are filled with
creative prowess of crafting stories they believe exist.
They had stories of how one thing came to be--- the rich
folktales, myths, and legends. These are all products of
their daily observation about life and their own
experiences.
Pre-Colonial Literature (Early Times – 1564)
These stories are tales and lore (traditional

knowledge and stories about a subject) of the
past. Some were not preserved, but what
was left and survived conformed to our
oral literature today.
Forms of literature that continue to exist
• Proverbs are simple and traditional sayings that give

us nuggets of wisdom. It delivers significant truths about
life in a form of little entertainment. In Filipino, these
are called salawikain.
Example: Matibay ang walis, palibhasaý magkabigkis.

(People gain strength by standing together.)
• Riddles are playful statements or questions having an

obscure meaning intended to be answered or solved.
The statement may sound like humorous but it has a
deeper meaning. In Filipino, these are called bugtong.
Example: Hinila ko ang tadyang, lumapad ang tiyan.

Answer: PAYONG
Forms of literature that continue to
exist
 Folksongs are traditional songs of our ancestors

that have been passed down from one
generation to another. These local songs are
considered part of the rich culture of the
Filipinos. It may be in the form of courtship
song or harana, harvest songs, war songs,
lullabies and the likes.
Example of Folksong: Dandansoy
Dandansoy, bayaan ta icao
Pauli aco sa Payao
Ugaling con icao hidlauon
Ang Payaw imo lang lantauon.
Dandansoy, con imo apason

Bisan tubig di magbalon
Ugaling con icao uhauon
Sa dalan magbobonbobon.
• Tales are creative stories that

generally talk about how one thing
came to be. It speaks of the origin of
a particular thing. These are also
called as myths and legends.
Example of Tales in Western Visayas: Hinilawod
When the goddess of the eastern sky
Alunsina (also known as Laun Sina, “The
Unmarried One”) reached maidenhood, the
king of the gods, Kaptan, decreed that she
should marry. All the unmarried gods of the
different domains of the universe tried to win
her hand to no avail. She chose to marry a
mortal, Datu Paubari, the mighty ruler of
Halawod
Example of Tales in Western Visayas: Hinilawod
Visayan Deities in Philippine Mythology
The stories of Philippine mythologies include deities, creation tales, mythical
creatures, and living beliefs. Philippine mythology varies among the many
ethnolinguistic groups of the Philippines. Some groups during the pre-Spanish
conquest era believed in a single Supreme Being who created the world and
everything in it, while others chose to worship a multitude of tree and forest
deities (diwatas). Diwata comes from the Sanskrit word devata which means
“deity“, one of the several significant Hindu influences in the Pre-Hispanic religions
of the archipelago. Below are some of the gods and goddesses of the Visayans.
Epics are long-narrative poems about

the heroic deeds, adventures, and even
misfortunes of a hero. The hero in the
story is characterized as brave and
courageous and is well-represented with
good values.
Example of Epic in Western Visayas
Hinilawod is an epic poem orally transmitted from early inhabitants of a

place called Sulod in central Panay, Philippines. The term "Hinilawod"
generally translates to "Tales From The Mouth of The Halawod River". The
epic must have been commonly known to the Visayans of Panay before the
conquest, since its main protagonists, like Labaw Donggon, were noted in the
accounts of the Islanders' beliefs and recorded by early Spanish colonizers.
One of these Westerners' accounts says that the adventures of this ancient
hero of Panay were recalled during weddings and in songs. It was noted that
there were still native Mondos of Dingle, Iloilo who worshipped Labaw
Donggon even during the last years of the Spanish rule in the Philippines.
These worshippers would stealthily enter a certain cave in Dingle in the
evening of a certain day of the year, in order to render homage and to offer
chickens, doves, rice, bananas, and pigs to the ancient Visayan god.
Spanish - Colonial Literature (1565-1898)
There was a great change on the form of

literature during the Spanish regime. It was
focused on Christianity and religion. The
happenings in the environment was set aside
and it is now pointed to Catholic faith
reflecting the society, culture, and tradition.
Spanish - Colonial Literature (1565-1898)
The following are the kinds of Philippine literature

during the Spanish- Colonial Period:
• Cenaculo - a play depicting the life and

sufferings of Jesus Christ. Cenaculo is a Spanish
term which means “cenacle” the place where
Jesus Christ celebrated the Last Supper with His
disciples.
Kinds of Philippine literature during the Spanish-
Colonial Period.
Pasyon – a narrative poem about the

life of Jesus Christ which is usually
sung during Lenten season.
Kinds of Philippine literature during the
Spanish- Colonial Period.
Awit – a form of Filipino

poetry about a hero, that
is a bit closer to a
narrative
Zarzuela – a form of musical

comedy that is usually comic
and presents sarcastic look at
society
Corrido - a narrative song

which is often about
oppression, history and other
topics about society.
Moro-moro or Comedia de Capa y

Espada - a blood-and-thunder
melodrama depicting the conflict of
Christians and Muslims. It is usually
about battles to the death and the proofs
of faith.
Carillo - a play using shadows

to project the animated figures
made from cardboards.
Tibag - a drama that reenacts the

search of St. Helena for the Holy Cross.
St. Helena is the mother of Constantine
the Great, who was recognized in her
discovery of the Cross and the Tomb of
Jesus Christ in Golgotha.
Duplo or Karagatan – a
drama that is connected to
mourning rituals of the
Catholics and harvest
celebrations.
American - Colonial Literature (1899-
1945)
It was during this period when Filipino enjoyed freedom
and independence in writing literary pieces. Some of the
literary genres that prosper during this period were
poetry, short story, and novel. It was also during the
American occupation when Public School was created.
The “Thomasites” were American soldiers who came to
our country to become teachers. They introduced free
public instruction for all children of school age.
American - Colonial Literature (1899-
1945)
The use of English language as medium
of instruction in all levels of education in
public school made the literary writers
decide to use the same language in
writing literary pieces and in other forms
of writing.
Contemporary Period (1946-
Present)
The Contemporary Period of Philippine Literature is
an avenue for new literary publications and
incomparable writers equipped with knowledge and
skills of the present era.
Gone are the days when stories and writings are
wasted and unpreserved. In this time, Filipino writers
enjoy their freedom to continue to write stories, poetry,
essays, novels, and others that have vivid contribution to
the society.
Contemporary Period (1946-
Present)
Filipino writer during this period has become
more efficient of his art and skills. He is far more
equipped with the aid of different workshops and
technology that assist him.
Various literary awards have sprouted which
motivate writers to produce more literary pieces
and to sustain the life of Philippine Literature.
SUM-UP DRILL.
Directions: Share your thoughts and insights by supplying the ideas/data
being asked.
Give three (3) facts that you have known about literature
a.
___________________________________________________________
b.
___________________________________________________________
c.
___________________________________________________________
SUM-UP DRILL.
SUM-UP DRILL.
SUM-UP DRILL.
REFLECT
FLORANTE at LAURA
A Summary from a famous Filipino “Awit” and masterpiece “Florante at Laura”
written by Francisco “Balagtas” Baltazar (1788- 1862)
 Thisis a story about struggle and love of two

individuals during the war between the Christian
Albanians and the Moros (Muslim people) and
paralleled the events of the author’s life,
particularly when he was imprisoned. This kind of
poem is romantic on the surface, while he used
allegory to convey Filipinos' suffering during the
Spanish regime.
FLORANTE at LAURA
The story begins with a description of a dark, dangerous,

deserted forest in the kingdom of Albania, that is inhabited by
serpents, basilisks, hyenas, and tigers. Deep in the heart of the
depressing jungle where the tangled growth of vines and
thickets intertwined, and the great canopy of heavy foliaged
trees formed a roof over the dismal jungle clearing, the moans
and anguished cries of a forsaken man filled the savage
stillness of the air. The man is tied to a tree and is barely alive.
He is Florante, the son of Duke Briseo and Princess Floresca.
He has blonde hair, fair smooth skin, and a face and body that
is comparable to that of Narcissus and Adonis
FLORANTE at LAURA
Florante, while tied to a tree, questions the heavens for

the suffering of the people of Albania. Here he describes
the treachery and suffering that are happening inside and
outside of the kingdom of Albania. Gone are the days of
peace and justice. Innocent people have become victims of
those who are hungry for power and money. Those who
fought to save the kingdom have suffered grievously. He
mentions that Count Adolfo was said to be behind the
treachery with his plot to steal the crown from King Linceo
and the wealth of Duke Briseo. Florante begs heaven to
save the kingdom of Albania.
FLORANTE at LAURA
The man tells the heavens that he can take whatever

trial or challenge that may come his way as long as
Laura will always remember him. Aside from all that is
happening to Albania, he takes refuge in the memories of
the times he shared with Laura. He mentions that he
would be pleased to see Laura crying over his dead body
if Laura would betray him. With this, he imagines Laura in
the arms of Count Adolfo. This thought brings him to
tears and devastation which made him tired and cause
him to pass out.
FLORANTE at LAURA
The man cries for Laura to save him, but she

does not come. With this, the man thinks that
Count Adolfo has finally stolen Laura from him.
He mentions that he will thank Count Adolfo for
all the hardship as long as he doesn't take
Laura from him. With too much to bear, the
man cries in despair and faints.
FLORANTE at LAURA
In another part of the forest comes Aladin, a

Muslim soldier. He sits on a stump and professes his
love for a woman named Flerida. He talks about his
overwhelming love for Flerida and vows to kill for the
sake of love. He says that no one can stand in his
way nor is there anyone who can take his love from
him, not even his father. He also says that love can
make a person blind to the truth and make him
forget about reason and honor.
FLORANTE at LAURA
After professing his love for Flerida, the Muslim

soldier hears a voice in the forest. This voice talks
about the brutal death of his loving father. The man
talks about how his father was beheaded and had
his body thrown somewhere else. No one attempted
to bury his father's remains for fear of Count Adolfo's
wrath. Even without seeing his father, the man knew
that the old man was thinking of him until the end of
his life.
FLORANTE at LAURA
While tied to a tree, Florante was approached by two

lingering lions. But the lions did not seem to attack, thinking
that the man might already be dead. Realizing the approach of
death, the man says his farewell to Albania, the land he wished
to serve since he was a child, and to Laura, whom he will
forever love.
Upon hearing the man's cries, Aladin set off to find the man.
His timing was impeccable because the lions were about to
attack Florante. With a swift motion of his weapon, the Muslim
soldier killed the two lions. With his courage and precision in
combat, he was compared to Ares, the god of war.
FLORANTE at LAURA
After rescuing Florante, Aladin frees him and lays him

down. Florante wakes up delirious looking for Laura. The
Muslim soldier does not respond and Florante goes back
to sleep. When he finally wakes up, Florante is surprised
to see an enemy taking care of him. Aladin told him that
he wishes the man no harm and that the command of
heaven to help is what's important. The man said that he
did not want the soldier's pity, what he needs is death.
Aladin yelled at him for speaking such nonsense.
FLORANTE at LAURA
Due to all that they have been through recently, Aladin

and Florante decide to become silent. When nightfall
comes, Aladin carried Florante and rests on a flat rock.
The Muslim soldier feeds Florante and has him sleep on
his lap. He watches over Florante because he is still
delirious, and he is devastated every time the latter
wakes up. In the morning, Florante thanks Aladin for
what he has done for him. The soldier asked Florante
why he was so devastated, and the latter willingly
narrated his story.
FLORANTE at LAURA
The man tells the Muslim soldier that his name is Florante.
Florante tells him that he came from Albania and that he is the
son of Duke Briseus, second in command of the kingdom, and
Princess Floresca of Croton. He proudly talks about his father
saying what a brave and kind man he was. He also
emphasizes that there is no one who can outdo his father in
loving a child and in teaching him good manners. Florante also
spoke of two accounts when he almost died as a child. One
was when he was almost caught by a vulture but was rescued
by his cousin Menalipo. The other was when someone
attempted to take the diamond that was on his chest.
FLORANTE at LAURA
Florante spoke about his happy childhood. When

he was a child, he loved playing outdoors and
hunting. He realized that a child must not be raised
with too much freedom and security because life is
tougher when one grows older. He also says that a
child will have difficulty in facing challenges if he is
too pampered and safe as a child. Duke Briseus
taught him how to stand alone by sending him to
Athens to study under Antenor.
FLORANTE at LAURA
Florante studies in Athens under Antenor. He becomes homesick

and longs to be with his parents again, but he is comforted by
Antenor. Adolfo, a boy from Albania and the son of Duke Sileno,
becomes his classmate. Adolfo is two years older than him and is
admired by everyone in school for his wisdom and kindness. Due to
his intelligence, Florante was able to learn the lessons about
philosophy, astrology, and mathematics in no time at all which
astonished his teachers. He even surpassed Adolfo in all aspect and
became known across Athens. Everyone distrusted the kindness that
Adolfo is showing. In a sporting competition, Adolfo's true color began
to show which aroused the people's suspicions.
FLORANTE at LAURA
During a play performed by the students, Adolfo attempted to kill

Florante but failed due to his classmate Menandro's interference.
After two months, Florante received a letter from his father bringing
bad news and summoning him to come home. It was difficult for
Florante to say his goodbyes to his classmates and his mentor,
Antenor. Before leaving, Antenor advised Florante not to be too
trusting because there are enemies all around us. Florante went
home with his friend, Menandro. Upon arriving at Albania, Florante
cried when he saw his father. After he calmed down, Duke Briseus
told Florante about the death of Princess Floresca.
FLORANTE at LAURA
The emissary of Croton came to Albania with a letter

asking for help in saving Croton from the Persian invaders
headed by General Osmalic. Florante pauses to praise
Aladin, saying that the general is only second to Aladin in
combat skill. With this, Aladin smiles and says that rumors
are not necessarily true. Returning to his story, Florante
said that he and his father went to King Linceus to discuss
how they could help Croton. King Linceus appointed
Florante to lead the army that will help save Croton.
FLORANTE at LAURA
During their visit to King Linceus, Florante

saw Laura, the daughter of the king. He was
mermerized by Laura's beauty. He became
speechless and stuttered a lot in the presence
of Laura. After talking about Laura, Florante's
mind drifts toward horrible thoughts about
Laura's unfaithfulness.
FLORANTE at LAURA
Before setting off to war, King Linceus threw a feast for

Florante. The celebration lasted for three days and within
this period, he did not get to see Laura. The day before he
set off to war, Florante saw Laura and he professed his
love. Laura did not give him a straight answer, instead she
cried and Florante took this as a sign of Laura's
reciprocation of his feelings.
General Osmalic and Florante finally meet and they
battled for five hours until Florante was able to defeat the
general.
FLORANTE at LAURA
Florante was able to save Croton from the hands of

the enemy with the help of Menandro and his troupes.
The people rejoiced their victory especially when they
learned that Florante is the king's grandson. But Florante
and the king did not rejoice with them for they
remembered Princess Floresca and mourned for her
death. Five months had passed when Florante decided
to return to Albania to be with Laura again. On his
journey back, Florante became weary when he saw the
Muslim flag swaying in Albania.
FLORANTE at LAURA
Florante hid on the outskirts at the foot of the mountain to observe

what is happening. He saw a woman tied and blindfolded who is
about to be beheaded. He remembered Laura and hastily went to
rescue the woman. He fought the Muslims and rescued the woman
who happened to be Laura herself. Laura told Florante about that
Albania had been conquered. They went back and redeemed the
country from the invaders. Florante freed the captives including King
Linceus, Duke Briseus, and Count Adolfo. The king honored Florante
for his bravery and Florante won Laura's affection. With the victory of
Florante, Adolfo's hatred and envy deepened, and he planned to take
revenge against Florante.
FLORANTE at LAURA
A few months have passed since Albania was last invaded when the Persian
army, headed by Miramolin disturbed its peace. But the Turkish invaders did not
succeed because Florante had defeated him. After this, Florante successfully won
many battles which earned him the respect of thirteen kings. One day, while Florante
was in the middle of a war, he received a letter ordering him to return immediately to
Albania. He left the war under the command of Menandro and set off to return to
Albania. Upon arriving, he was surprised to be welcomed by 30,000 soldiers who
abducted him. Here he learned that Adolfo had ordered for his father, Duke Briseus,
and King Linceus to be beheaded. He also learned that Laura was engaged to Count
Adolfo. Florante was imprisoned for 18 days then was transferred to the forest where
he was tied to an Acacia tree. He had been in the forest for two days when the Muslim
soldier found and rescued him.
FLORANTE at LAURA
After Florante narrated his story, the Muslim soldier introduces himself as Aladdin,
son of Sultan Ali-Adab of Persia. Aladdin tells Florante that he will tell his own story in
due time because he needs some time to collect himself.
After wandering around the forest for five months, Aladin begins to narrate his
story. He says that his father is the root of all his suffering. His father became his rival
for his love, Flerida. In order to succeed, Sultan Ali-Adab plotted a scheme to behead
Aladin by framing him as the cause of the downfall of the Persian invaders that
resulted to Florante's victory in Albania. On the night before Aladin's execution, Sultan
Ali-Adab forgave Aladin on the condition that he would flee Persia and never return.
Aladin agreed but could not accept the idea of Flerida in the arms of another man.
Since then, Aladin has been a wanderer of the forest for six years. He suddenly stops
his story when they heard voices in the forest.
FLORANTE at LAURA
The two men heard voices. One of the women narrated the story she
heard about the danger that her lover was in. She begged the Sultan not
to push through with his beheading in exchange for her agreement to
marry him. The Sultan agreed and her lover was set free, leaving without
saying goodbye. One night, while everyone was busy with the wedding
preparations, the woman who happens to be Flerida, disguised herself
as a soldier and escaped. She wandered the forest hoping to find her
love. Here in the forest is where the two women met when Flerida saved
Laura who was about to be assaulted by a man. They stop talking when
they hear footsteps approaching and were surprised to see Florante and
Aladdin.
FLORANTE at LAURA
Laura narrates her story. It began when Florante left to battle the
Persian invaders. Adolfo ordered that the king and his loyal servants be
beheaded. Adolfo took over the throne and forced Laura to marry him. It
took five months for him to court Laura but she did not waver in her
decision not to marry him. After Florante was sent to die in the forest,
Menandro and his men returned to Albania and overthrew Adolfo from
the throne. Adolfo would not accept defeat; instead he took Laura and
his men to the forest. Here Adolfo saw no escape and decided to rape
Laura right there. Upon hearing a woman's cry for help, Flerida came to
the rescue and killed Adolfo with an arrow.
FLORANTE at LAURA
Their conversation is interrupted by the arrival of

Menandro and his troupe. Upon seeing Florante, he
rejoices to see his friend. The two couples return to Albania
where they are warmly welcomed. Flerida and Aladdin
agree to be baptized as Christians. Both couples are wed
and Florante and Laura rule over Albania with justice,
peace, and harmony. When Sultan Ali-Adab dies, Aladdin
and Flerida return to Persia and they rule over the people
happily.
REFLECT
ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED
ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

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WELCOME TO OUR

FROM THE PHILIPPINES & THE

Literature is said to be the written picture

In this lesson, you will be able to

At the end of this lesson, you should be

Linguistic- connected with language or

Ethnic-relating or belonging to a group of people who

 At the end of this lesson, you should be

Before we start this journey, let

1. These are truths and

4. A story of gods and

5. These are stories

6. This is a long narrative

7. Literary work in which

9. This is a game in a form of

10. These are stories intended

From your History class, try to

Awesome! You have finished another

Well done! You have now a grasp of the

Literature illumines life. It grows on people’s

When colonization made an influence in the

History has a very significant role in literature. It

Etymologically, literature means writings

Further, literature reflects the traditions

Pre-Colonial Literature (Early Times – 1564)

During those times when the Philippines was free from

These stories are tales and lore (traditional

• Proverbs are simple and traditional sayings that give

Example: Matibay ang walis, palibhasaý magkabigkis.

• Riddles are playful statements or questions having an

Example: Hinila ko ang tadyang, lumapad ang tiyan.

 Folksongs are traditional songs of our ancestors

Dandansoy, con imo apason

• Tales are creative stories that

Epics are long-narrative poems about

Hinilawod is an epic poem orally transmitted from early inhabitants of a

There was a great change on the form of

The following are the kinds of Philippine literature

• Cenaculo - a play depicting the life and

Pasyon – a narrative poem about the

Awit – a form of Filipino

Zarzuela – a form of musical

Corrido - a narrative song

Moro-moro or Comedia de Capa y

Carillo - a play using shadows

Tibag - a drama that reenacts the

 Thisis a story about struggle and love of two

The story begins with a description of a dark, dangerous,

Florante, while tied to a tree, questions the heavens for

The man tells the heavens that he can take whatever

The man cries for Laura to save him, but she

In another part of the forest comes Aladin, a

After professing his love for Flerida, the Muslim

While tied to a tree, Florante was approached by two

After rescuing Florante, Aladin frees him and lays him

Due to all that they have been through recently, Aladin

Florante spoke about his happy childhood. When

Florante studies in Athens under Antenor. He becomes homesick

During a play performed by the students, Adolfo attempted to kill