Assignment Physics

Josielyn L.
Taro April 8, 2019

CpE 201 SCORE:
Assignment in Physics
A.
1. With the study of wave speed and linear mass densities, do you think wave carry energy and power
with them?
All waves carry energy, and sometimes this can be directly observed. Earthquakes can shake whole
cities to the ground, performing the work of thousands of wrecking balls. Loud sounds can pulverize
nerve cells in the inner ear, causing permanent hearing loss. Ultrasound is used for deep-heat treatment
of muscle strains. A laser beam can burn away a malignancy. Water waves chew up beaches.
2. What will happen to a wave if it hits a rigid structure like a wall?

When you look in a mirror, you are seeing a light wave that has bounced, or been reflected. This is the
reason why you can see your clothes without looking down. The light coming from them reflects at the
mirror and into your eyes.
You may also have noticed that waves in a swimming pool or on the seas are reflected when they hit a
wall. Whenever any wave hits a surface, it gets reflected.
3. Have you ever heard a rushing ambulance? How will you describe the sound that the ambulance
produced?
There are two sounds of an electronic siren used on ambulances, the wail and yelp. Wail is gradual
increase and decrease in pitch. Yelp is a much more rapid increase and decrease in pitch. Generally,
wail is used when going through a straight-away, mid-block, while yelp is used most often at
intersections or coming upon congestion.
4. How can we be sure that an object has heat? Explain.

Heat is a shortened way of saying "heat energy." When something's hot, it has a lot of heat energy;
when it's cold, it has less. But even things that seem cold (such as polar bears and icebergs) have rather
more heat energy than you might suppose.
5. How do you think that heat is transferred between objects?

Heat can be transferred from one place to another by three methods: conduction in solids, convection
of fluids (liquids or gases), and radiation through anything that will allow radiation to pass. The
method used to transfer heat is usually the one that is the most efficient. If there is a temperature
difference in a system, heat will always move from higher to lower temperatures.
6. Explain the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases.

The kinetic molecular theory of gases describes this state of matter as composed of tiny particles in
constant motion with a lot of distance between the particles. Because most of the volume occupied by a
gas is empty space, a gas has a low density and can expand or contract under the appropriate influence.
The fact that gas particles are in constant motion means that two or more gases will always mix as the
particles from the individual gases move and collide with each other. The number of collisions the gas
particles make with the walls of their container and the force with which they collide determine the
magnitude of the gas pressure.
7. Enumerate the Gas Laws and give one example of each laws relating to actual experience/observations.
The gas laws are not a set of government regulations concerning use of heating fuel; rather, they are a
series of statements concerning the behavior of gases in response to changes in temperature, pressure,
and volume.
There is a close relationship between Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's laws. All of these treat one
of three parameters—temperature, pressure, or volume—as fixed quantities in order to explain the
relationship between the other two variables.
According to Charles's law, volume increase is proportional to temperature increase if you heat a fixed
amount of gas at constant pressure. Demonstrate this law by observing how an inflated football that has
been indoors gets smaller if you take it outside on a cold day. Dalton's law says that a gas mixture's
total pressure equals the sum of all gases contained in the mixture. This example assumes that only two
gases exist in the mixture. One consequence of this law is that oxygen accounts for 21 percent of the
atmosphere's total pressure because it makes up 21 percent of the atmosphere. People who ascend to
high altitudes experience Dalton's law when they try to breathe. As they climb higher, oxygen's partial
pressure decreases as total atmospheric pressure decreases in accordance with Dalton's law. Amadeo
Avogadro made interesting proposals in 1811 that now formulate Avogadro's law. It states that one gas
contains the same number of molecules as another gas of equal volume at the same temperature and
pressure. This law holds that an air balloon and an identical balloon containing helium don't weigh the
same because air molecules – consisting primarily of nitrogen and oxygen – have more mass than
helium molecules. Robert Boyle also studied the intriguing relationships between volume, pressure and
other gas properties. According to his law, a gas's pressure times its volume is a constant if the gas
functions like an ideal gas. For instance, when you inhale, your diaphragm increases the volume of
your lungs. Boyle's law holds that lung pressure decreases, causing atmospheric pressure to fill the
lungs with air.
B.
1. What is temperature? Heat?
Temperature is a measure of the average heat or thermal energy of the particles in a substance. Since
it is an average measurement, it does not depend on the number of particles in an object. In that sense it
does not depend on the size of it. While heat is simply the transfer of energy from a hot object to a
colder object.
2. What is the difference between internal and thermal energy?
Internal energy is the energy that a body possesses due to its state and interaction of its parts and it is
cannot be transferred.
Whereas, thermal energy is the energy due to temperature difference. A body at high temperature
possess more thermal energy and its energy can be transferred to a body with relatively low
temperature.
It is also responsible for increasing the motion or vibration of particles.
3. What is thermal expansion?
Thermal expansion refers to a fractional change in size of a material in response to a change in
temperature. It is usually expressed as a fractional change in length or volume per unit temperature
change; a linear expansion coefficient is usually employed in describing the expansion of a solid, while
a volume expansion coefficient is more useful for a liquid or a gas.
4. Give 1 mechanism of heat transfer and provide an example of its use in daily life.
Heat transfer by radiation occurs when microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, or another form
of electromagnetic radiation is emitted or absorbed. An obvious example is the warming of the Earth
by the Sun. A less obvious example is thermal radiation from the human body.
5. Give and explain one Kinetic theory of gases.

One Kinetic theory of gases is ―Gas pressure is due to the molecules colliding with the walls of the
container. All of these collisions are perfectly elastic, meaning that there is no change in energy of
either the particles or the wall upon collision. No energy is lost or gained from collisions.‖
6. What is Thermodynamics?
Thermodynamics is a branch of physics which deals with the energy and work of a system. It was
born in the 19th century as scientists were first discovering how to build and operate steam engines.
Thermodynamics deals only with the large scale response of a system which we can observe and
measure in experiments. Small scale gas interactions are described by the kinetic theory of gases.

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Josielyn L.

Taro April 8, 2019

2. What will happen to a wave if it hits a rigid structure like a wall?

4. How can we be sure that an object has heat? Explain.

5. How do you think that heat is transferred between objects?

6. Explain the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases.

5. Give and explain one Kinetic theory of gases.

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