Title Page

IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE DISCIPLINE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF
BUSINESS ENTERPRISES (A CASE STUDY OF YISAB
COMMUNICATION LOKOJA)
BY
ALFA RACHEAL ALADI
2022/HND/BUS/021
BEING A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT, KOGI
STATE POLYTECHNIC LOKOJA
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) IN
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
SEPTEMBER, 2024
i
APPROVAL PAGE
This project has been read and approved by undersigned as meeting the
requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma in Business
Administration, School of Management Studies, Kogi State Polytechnic,
Lokoja.
________________________ _______________
DR. AKOH, O. Date
(Project Supervisor)
_____________________ _______________
DR. ONALO, S.M Date
(Head of Department)
________________ _______________
External Examiner Date
ii
DEDICATION
I dedicate this project to God Almighty, my creator, my strong pillar, my source
of inspiration, wisdom, knowledge and understanding. He has been the source
of my strength throughout this project and on his wings only have I soared.
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost my appreciation goes to Almighty God for spearing
my life from the beginning of my programme in Kogi State polytechnic to the
end .
My profound gratitude goes to my project supervisor Dr. Akoh
Ojonugwa, which academic zeal and worth of experience were of immense help
to me. And also my appreciation goes to the head of department Dr. Onalo S.M
and equally to all the lecturers in the department of Business administration Mr.
Onje S.M, Mr. Friday Igbatigi, Dr. Emmanuel Attah, Dr. Abdulkarim Shaibu
Mr. K.O Lawal, Mr. Adeyemi, S.T and Mr. Noah Ademu at the department of
business administration.
Special and profound gratitude to my parent Mr. & Mrs. Onuh Abraham
and Monica Ojochide Abraham whose guidance and principles have helped me
become this individual that I am today.
My appreciation goes to my brothers and sisters for been so helpful and
whose encouragement has made sure that I give it all it takes to finish what I
started, I am very grateful to you all.
Many thanks to you all for making out time and energy to support me at
full length. My love for you all can never be quantified, also I cannot forget my
backbone brothers in the person of Pastor Emmanuel Abraham, Ezekiel
Abraham, Prof. Stephen Onuh, Deborah Onuh also to my Uncle Onuh Michael
for their financial, brotherly and sisterly support, May God reward you all!
iv
ABSTRACT
Poverty in Nigeria is not something new and is quite disturbing. Both the
quantitative and qualitative measurements attest to the growing incidence and
depth of poverty in the country. This situation however, contrasts with the vast
human and physical resources that the country is endowed with. It is even more
disturbing that despite the huge human and material resources that have been
devoted to poverty reduction by successive governments in Nigeria, no
noticeable success has been achieved is this direction In embarking on the
project, the researcher made use of both primary and secondary sources of
data. These included questionnaire and interview (primary source) as well as
textbooks, journals, magazines and library (secondary sources). For the data
analysis, the simple percentage and tables were used. The findings revealed that
there is synergy between poverty and entrepreneurship was discussed as well as
ways of promoting entrepreneurship among Nigerians for Nation building. The
research work therefore recommended among others that, government and its
agencies should focus on ways of encouraging entrepreneurial culture and skill
in order to reduce poverty level in Nigeria and bring about more equitable
distribution of income and wealth thereby leading to sustainable economic
growth.
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Approval Page ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
Table of Contents vi
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem 3
1.3 Objectives of the Study 4
1.4 Research Hypothesis 4
1.5 Significance of the Study 5
1.6 Scope of the Study 5
1.7 Limitations and Constraints of the Study 6
1.8 Definition of Key Terms 6
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Conceptual Framework 7
2.1.1 Discipline 7
2.1.2 Employee Performance 10
2.1.3 Causes of Employee Indiscipline 11
2.1.4 Types of Discipline and Disciplinary Actions 15
2.1.5 Disciplinary Procedure 18
2.1.6 Reasons for Disciplinary Procedure 19
2.1.7 Kinds of Disciplinary Actions Undertaken in an Organization 21
2.1.8 Effect of Disciplinary Actions on the Employee Performance 22
2.2 Theoretical framework 24
vi
2.2.1 Bureaucracy Theory 24
2.2.2 McGregor Theory 26
2.3 Empirical Review 28
2.4 Historical Background of Yisab Communication, Lokoja 30
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design 31
3.2 Area of the Study 31
3.3 Population of the Study
3.4 Sample of the Study 33
3.5 Method of Data Collection 33
3.6 Administration and Retrieval of Instrument 33
3.7 Problem of Methodology 34
3.8 Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Presentation and Analysis of Data 35
4.2 Test of Hypothesis 43
4.3 Discussion of Findings 47
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of Findings 49
5.2 Conclusion 50
5.3 Recommendations 51
References
Appendix
vii

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IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE DISCIPLINE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF

BUSINESS ENTERPRISES (A CASE STUDY OF YISAB

ALFA RACHEAL ALADI

BEING A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

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