LESSON PLAN IN GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS

Factoring- Perfect Square Trinomials

CONTENT STANDARD

The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts such as polynomial factoring, rational algebraic
expressions, linear equations, and inequalities in two variables, systems of linear equations and inequalities in two
variables, and linear functions.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD

The learner can formulate and solve real-life problems involving polynomial factors, rational algebraic
expressions, linear equations, and inequalities in two variables, systems of linear equations and inequalities in two
variables, and linear functions using a variety of strategies.

LEARNING COMPETENCY

The students factor polynomials of various types (polynomials with a common monomial factor, difference
of two squares, sum and difference of two cubes, perfect square trinomials, and general trinomials).

LEARNING COMPETENCY CODE

M8AL-Ia-b-1

i. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students must have:
a. Define a perfect square trinomial.
b. Determined the steps in factoring perfect square trinomial.
c. Solve and identified the factors of perfect square trinomial.

ii. SUBJECT MATTER

A. TOPIC
Factoring Perfect Square Trinomial

B. PRE-REQUISITE CONCEPTS
a. Perfect Square
b. Definition and examples of trinomial
c. Special Products (Square of Binomial)

C. INTEGRATION
a. Value/s Integration
Cooperation, Analytical Thinking, Accuracy, Objectivity, Perseverance
b. Subject Integration
ICT Integration
Vocabulary words (English)
 D. INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES
a. Materials
Chalk, Blackboard, Visual Aids
Power Point Presentation, Laptop and Projector
b. Instructional Strategy
1. Discussion Method
2. Oral Questioning
3. Constructive and Discovery Learning
4. Cooperative Learning
E. REFERENCE
Grade 8 Mathematics Learner’s Module

iii. PROCEDURES
A. DAILY ROUTINE
1. Prayer
2. Greeting
3. Checking of attendance
B. PRIMING/PRE-ACTIVITY
Given the table, students will identify and cross out all the perfect squares.

5 7 70 9 60 20 85
8 23 16 15 25 62 37
12 4 17 40 33 36 73
1 34 29 65 82 76 49
17 10 61 32 48 81 56
0
43 67 121 18 64 11 89
50 45 19 14 3 6 53
4

C. ACTIVITY
In this activity the students will be given a piece of paper with puzzle. They are going to solve for the
products of the given binomials and encircle the expression obtained.

D. ANALYSIS
1. What have you observed with the expression obtained?
2. What kind of polynomial are they?
3. What is a perfect square trinomial?
E. ABSTRACTION
1. The students will share their ideas about perfect square trinomial and will come up with this
possible definition.
  A perfect square trinomial is an expression with both first and last terms that are
perfect squares and the middle term is twice the product of the square root of the last
and first term.

Hence, the expressions obtained earlier by the students are perfect square trinomials.

2. Now, the teacher can proceed on factoring a perfect square trinomial by giving 3 examples on
the board.
Example:
a. Find the factor of x² + 16x +64
Ans: (x + 8)²
b. Factor: x² - 6x + 9
Ans: (x -3)²
c. What are the factors of 4x² + 8x + 4?
Ans: 4(x +1)² o2 (2x + 2)²

The students will analyze the three given examples and come up with possible steps
or procedure 0n how to solve for the factors of a perfect square trinomial.

The following are the expected steps pointed out by the students.
1. Get the square root of the first and last terms.
2. List down the square root as sum/difference of two terms.

The students could also come up with these relationships to factor perfect square
trinomial.

1. (first term)² + 2(first term)(last term) + (last term)² = (first term + last term)²
2. (first term)² - 2(first term)(last term) + (last term)² = (first term - last term)²

3. The teacher will give practice exercises to the students.

Practice exercises:
a. Factor (x² + 16x + 64)
b. Factor (x² + 12x + 36)
F. GENERALIZATION
a. What is a perfect square trinomial? Give one example.
b. What are the steps on solving the factors of perfect square trinomial?
c. What are the relationships you observed and used in finding the factors of perfect square
trinomial?
G. APPLICATION
Find the factors of the following. Answers:
1. (x² + 26x + 169) 1. (x + 13)²
2. (x² + 28x + 196) 2. (x + 14)²
3. (x² + 10x + 25) 3. (x + 5)²
4. (x² + 12x + 36) 4. (x + 6)²
5. (x² + 20x + 100) 5. (x + 10)²

H. ASSIGNMENT
Solved the following perfect square trinomials. Answers:
1. (25x² + 20 + 4) 1. (5x + 2)²
2. (16x² + 144 + 324) 2. 4(2x + 9)²
3. (169x² + 260 + 100) 3. (13x + 10)²
4. (64x² + 304 + 361) 4. (8x + 19)²
5. (4x² + 80 + 400) 5. 4(x + 10)²