2.

CORE, FUR1-NHT 2019 VCAA 1-2 MC

FURTHER MATHEMATICS
The histogram and boxplot shown below both display the distribution of the birth weight, in grams,
CORE, Data Distributions
of 200 babies.
Summary Statistics
Graphs - Stem/Leaf and Boxplots 40
Graphs - Histograms and Other 30
percentage 20
Normal Distribution
10
Teacher: Vittoria Trovarelli
0
Exam Equivalent Time: 50.25 minutes (based on VCE allocation of 2.25 min/mark for FUR1, and 1.5 min/mark 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500
for FUR2)
birth weight (g)

Questions
1. CORE, FUR1-NHT 2019 VCAA 3 MC
The total birth weight of a sample of 12 babies is 39.0 kg. 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500
The mean birth weight of these babies, in kilograms, is birth weight (g)
A. 2.50
Part 1
B. 2.75
The shape of the distribution of the babies’ birth weight is best described as
C. 3.00
A. positively skewed with no outliers.
D. 3.25
B. negatively skewed with no outliers.
E. 3.50
C. approximately symmetric with no outliers.
D. positively skewed with outliers.
E. approximately symmetric with outliers.

Part 2
The number of babies with a birth weight between 3000 g and 3500 g is closest to
A. 30
B. 32
C. 37
D. 74
E. 80
3. CORE, FUR1 2019 VCAA 1-3 MC
The histogram below shows the distribution of the population size of 48 countries in 2018.

Based on this histogram, the number of countries with a population size that is less than
people is
Part 1
A. 1
The number of these countries with a population size between 5 million and 20 million people is
B. 5
A. 11
C. 7
B. 17
D. 8
C. 23
E. 48
D. 34
E. 35

Part 2
The shape of this histogram is best described as
A. positively skewed with no outliers.
B. positively skewed with outliers.
C. approximately symmetric.
D. negatively skewed with no outliers.
E. negatively skewed with outliers.

Part 3
The histogram below shows the population size for these 48 countries plotted on a scale.
4. CORE, FUR1 2019 VCAA 4-5 MC 6. CORE, FUR1 2019 VCAA 7 MC
The stem plot below shows the distribution of mathematics test scores for a class of 23 students. The volume of a cup of soup served by a machine is normally distributed with a mean of 240 mL and
a standard deviation of 5 mL.
A fast-food store used this machine to serve 160 cups of soup.
The number of these cups of soup that are expected to contain less than 230 mL of soup is closest
to
A. 3
B. 4
C. 8
D. 26
E. 156
Part 1
For this class, the range of test scores is
7. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 5 MC
A. 22
The histogram below shows the distribution of weight, in grams, for a sample of 20 animal species.
B. 40
The histogram has been plotted on a scale.
C. 45
D. 49
12
E. 89
9

Part 2 frequency 6
For this class, the interquartile range (IQR) of test scores is
3
A. 14.5
0
B. 17.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
log10 (weight)
C. 18
D. 24
E. 49 The percentage of these animal species with a weight of less than 10 000 g is
A. 17%

5. CORE, FUR1 2019 VCAA 6 MC B. 70%

C. 75%
The time taken to travel between two regional cities is approximately normally distributed with a
mean of 70 minutes and a standard deviation of 2 minutes. D. 80%
The percentage of travel times that are between 66 minutes and 72 minutes is closest to E. 85%
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
8. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 6 MC 11. CORE, FUR1 2021 VCAA 4 MC
A percentaged segmented bar chart would be an appropriate graphical tool to display the The boxplots below show the distribution of the length of fish caught in two different ponds, Pond A
association between month of the year (January, February, March, etc.) and the and Pond B.
A. monthly average rainfall (in millimetres).
B. monthly mean temperature (in degrees Celsius).
C. annual median wind speed (in kilometres per hour).
D. monthly average rainfall (below average, average, above average).
Pond A
E. annual average temperature (in degrees Celsius).

9. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 7 MC

Data relating to the following five variables was collected from insects that were caught overnight in
a trap: Pond B

colour
name of species
number of wings
length
body length (in millimetres)
body weight (in milligrams) Based on the boxplots above, it can be said that.
A. 50% of the fish caught in Pond A are the same length as the fish caught in Pond B.
The number of these variables that are discrete numerical variables is
B. 50% of the fish caught in Pond B are longer than all of the fish caught in Pond A.
A. 1
C. 50% of the fish caught in Pond B are shorter than all of the fish caught in Pond A.
B. 2
D. 75% of the fish caught in Pond A are shorter than all of the fish caught in Pond B.
C. 3
E. 75% of the fish caught in Pond B are longer than all of the fish caught in Pond A.
D. 4
E. 5

10. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 9 MC

The lifetime of a certain brand of light globe, in hours, is approximately normally distributed.
It is known that 16% of the light globes have a lifetime of less than 655 hours and 50% of the light
globes have a lifetime that is greater than 670 hours.
The mean and the standard deviation of this normal distribution are closest to

A. mean = 655 hours standard deviation = 10 hours

B. mean = 655 hours standard deviation = 15 hours
C. mean = 670 hours standard deviation = 10 hours
D. mean = 670 hours standard deviation = 15 hours
E. mean = 670 hours standard deviation = 20 hours
12. CORE, FUR1 2021 VCAA 5 MC 13. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 4 MC
The stem plot below shows the height, in centimetres, of 20 players in a junior football team. The histogram below shows the distribution of the forearm circumference, in centimetres, of 252
men.
key: 14|2 = 142 cm n = 20 Assume that the forearm circumference values were all rounded to one decimal place.

14 2 2 4 7 8 8 9
15 0 0 1 2 5 5 6 8
16 0 1 1 2
17 9

A player with a height of 179 cm is considered an outlier because 179 cm is greater than
A. 162 cm
B. 169 cm
C. 172.5 cm
D. 173 cm
E. 175.5 cm

The third quartile for this distribution could be

A. 29.3
B. 29.8
C. 30.3
D. 30.8
E. 31.3
14. CORE, FUR2 2020 VCAA 1 15. CORE, FUR2 2020 VCAA 2
Body mass index (BMI), in kilograms per square metre, was recorded for a sample of 32 men and The neck size, in centimetres, of 250 men was recorded and displayed in the dot plot below.
displayed in the ordered stem plot below.

a. Describe the shape of the distribution. (1 mark) a. Write down the modal neck size, in centimetres, for these 250 men. (1 mark)

b. Determine the median BMI for this group of men. (1 mark) b. Assume that this sample of 250 men has been drawn at random from a population of men whose
c. People with a BMI of 25 or over are considered to be overweight. neck size is normally distributed with a mean of 38 cm and a standard deviation of 2.3 cm.

What percentage of these men would be considered to be overweight? (1 mark) i. How many of these 250 men are expected to have a neck size that is more than three standard
deviations above or below the mean?
Round your answer to the nearest whole number. (1 mark)

ii. How many of these 250 men actually have a neck size that is more than three standard
deviations above or below the mean? (1 mark)
c. The five-number summary for this sample of neck sizes, in centimetres, is given below.

Use the five-number summary to construct a boxplot, showing any outliers if appropriate, on the
grid below. (2 marks)
 Worked Solutions

1. CORE, FUR1-NHT 2019 VCAA 3 MC

2. CORE, FUR1-NHT 2019 VCAA 1-2 MC

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www.vcaa.vic.edu.au.

3. CORE, FUR1 2019 VCAA 1-3 MC

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3
4. CORE, FUR1 2019 VCAA 4-5 MC 6. CORE, FUR1 2019 VCAA 7 MC

7. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 5 MC

5. CORE, FUR1 2019 VCAA 6 MC

8. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 6 MC

9. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 7 MC

10. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 9 MC

11. CORE, FUR1 2021 VCAA 4 MC

12. CORE, FUR1 2021 VCAA 5 MC 15. CORE, FUR2 2020 VCAA 2
a.

b.i. ♦ Mean mark part b.i. 40%.

b.ii. ♦ Mean mark part b.ii. 42%.

13. CORE, FUR1 2020 VCAA 4 MC

♦ Mean mark 50%. c.

14. CORE, FUR2 2020 VCAA 1

a.

b.

c.

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