3

2.
Prediction of Weather Forecast for Smart Agriculture supported by Machine Learning (364)
This paper entitled "Forecasting Weather Conditions for Smart Agriculture Using Machine Learning"
introduces machine learning regression methods to predict weather conditions for the development of smart
irrigation systems. It investigates various machine learning regression algorithms such as Random Forest
(RF), Neural Networks (NN), Decision Trees (DT), and Linear Regression (LR) to forecast weather
parameters for upcoming hours. Through cross-validation, it demonstrates that Random Forests and
Decision Trees exhibit the highest efficiency. The model takes input parameters such as field location
(latitude and longitude), date (day, month, and year), and outputs predicted weather forecasts including
temperature, wind speed, precipitation, and evapotranspiration. This prediction capability aims to reduce
water wastage and promote sustainable agricultural practices.
Dataset:The dataset utilized is sourced from the "JRC MARS Meteorological Database," containing
meteorological observations interpolated on a 25x25 km grid, on a daily basis from 1979 to the most recent
complete calendar year, covering the European Union and neighboring countries, obtained from the
Agri4Cast database.
Methodology:The methodology involves initially using default configuration values with the scikit-learn
library in Python for model development. Subsequently, hyperparameter tuning is performed using
Randomized Search CV to optimize model performance. Stratified K-Fold cross-validation is employed to
ensure the model's generalization.
Target/ Objectives: The objective is to obtain the best possible model for weather forecasting based on
field location and date.
Mathematical Model and Result: The mathematical models utilized include Random Forest, Neural
Networks, Decision Trees, and Linear Regression. The dataset is divided into three groups: 70% for
training, 20% for validation, and 10% for testing. Model performance is evaluated using the Mean Absolute
Error (MAE) metric.
The Temperature Regression Result indicates that the default MAE for Random Forest is 0.476, optimized
to 0.473, with a validation MAE of 0.639, suggesting the model's effectiveness.
Conclusion: In conclusion, MAE values of 0.639 degrees for temperature, 0.472 km/h for wind speed, and
0.194 mm for evapotranspiration are achieved using Random Forest, while a MAE of 0.324 mm is attained
for precipitation using Decision Trees. Neural Networks and Linear Regression exhibit inferior
performance.
Future Scope: Future directions involve developing an algorithm to implement this model, automatically
determining optimal irrigation periods based on weather forecasts, and testing it in real-world scenarios.
3. Deterministic weather forecasting models based on intelligent predictors: A survey

The evolution of weather forecasting into the era of Big Data is propelled by advancements in climate
observation systems like satellite meteorological observation and the exponential growth in weather data
volume. Traditional computational intelligence models struggle to accurately predict weather patterns in
this data-rich environment. Consequently, there's a shift towards employing deep learning techniques to
effectively process vast datasets and enhance prediction accuracy by learning from historical data.
Technologies such as the Internet of Things, Wireless Sensor Networks, and Cloud Computing further
facilitate this transition, leading to more precise predictions of future climate states. Additionally,
advancements in deep learning techniques and data visualization methods contribute to more effective and
accurate weather forecasting and climate prediction. Therefore, utilizing deep learning approaches to
extract valuable insights from weather data is justifiable, as these techniques leverage layered neural
networks to accurately identify and extract meaningful patterns from large datasets.
This paper presents a comprehensive review of various weather forecasting approaches and publicly
available datasets, offering a detailed classification of weather forecasting models, analyzing essential
hyperparameters, and exploring model effectiveness using statistical error indicators. It also serves as a
guide for beginners interested in weather forecasting research and available datasets, while also discussing
potential future research directions in this field.
The methodology employed for forecasting includes statistical models, Artificial Intelligence models, and
hybrid models. Statistical models such as ARMA and ARIMA, and their variants, are suitable for linear
datasets, while Artificial Intelligence models, including machine learning and deep learning predictors, are
employed for non-linear datasets. Model performance is evaluated using statistical error indicators like
MAE, RMSE, MAPE, and R2, with results visualized using scatter plots, line plots, and semilog plots to
accurately compare actual and predicted values.
Challenges and future directions in weather forecasting research include the need for improved data
collection, addressing the use of small datasets in experiments, focusing on other weather parameters like
rainfall and dew point prediction, exploring forecasting models using atmospheric images, developing more
multivariate models, and evaluating model stability in addition to prediction accuracy.
In conclusion, with the advancement of Big Data technologies and deep learning techniques, weather
forecasting and climate prediction can be conducted effectively and accurately. The paper provides insights
into recent research in weather forecasting, along with a detailed analysis of results, classification of
forecasting models, available datasets, challenges, and future research directions. Additionally, it highlights
the need for assessing model stability alongside prediction accuracy and identifies promising techniques
such as artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM) for weather forecasting.

3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

2.

3. Deterministic weather forecasting models based on intelligent predictors: A survey

You might also like