The document discusses solutions to traffic congestion in cities. It describes how traffic jams negatively impact commuters, businesses, and the environment. Some solutions mentioned include promoting public transport like buses and trains, encouraging cycling and walking, improving transportation infrastructure and traffic flow, and persuading people to change their commuting behaviors. The goal is to tackle congestion through various engineering and policy approaches.
The document discusses solutions to traffic congestion in cities. It describes how traffic jams negatively impact commuters, businesses, and the environment. Some solutions mentioned include promoting public transport like buses and trains, encouraging cycling and walking, improving transportation infrastructure and traffic flow, and persuading people to change their commuting behaviors. The goal is to tackle congestion through various engineering and policy approaches.
The document discusses solutions to traffic congestion in cities. It describes how traffic jams negatively impact commuters, businesses, and the environment. Some solutions mentioned include promoting public transport like buses and trains, encouraging cycling and walking, improving transportation infrastructure and traffic flow, and persuading people to change their commuting behaviors. The goal is to tackle congestion through various engineering and policy approaches.
The document discusses solutions to traffic congestion in cities. It describes how traffic jams negatively impact commuters, businesses, and the environment. Some solutions mentioned include promoting public transport like buses and trains, encouraging cycling and walking, improving transportation infrastructure and traffic flow, and persuading people to change their commuting behaviors. The goal is to tackle congestion through various engineering and policy approaches.
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UNLOCK 3 RW Unit 3
Reading 1 Masdar: City of the future
Word Pronunciation POS Chinese Meaning Sentence in text/dictionary traffic congestion /'træfɪk/ /kən'dʒestʃən/ 交通拥堵 Abu Dhabi, like many cities in the United Arab Emirates, suffers from traffic congestion. The expanding economy and rising population have brought great benefits to Abu Dhabi, but with traffic jam /'træfɪk/ /dʒæm/ 交通拥堵 them have come a major problem: traffic jams. commute /kə'mjuːt/ vi. 通勤 The average commuting time of 45 minutes is fairly high. commute /kə'mjuːt/ n. 通勤 Long work commutes make people less happy. vehicle /'viːɪk(ə)l/ n. 交通工具，车辆 commuter /kə'mjuːtə(r)/ n. 通勤者 The vehicles would also be used to transport commuters from stations on the outskirts of the city, outskirts /'aʊt'skɝts/ n. 外围地区, 郊区 where they would leave their own cars, to their destinations in the city. destination /ˌdestɪ'neɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 目的地 efficiency /ɪ'fɪʃ(ə)nsɪ/ n. 效率, 效能 The city combines traditional Arabic architecture with energy efficiency. efficient adj. 效率高的 Making our home more energy efficient is the obvious way to save money. public transport 公共交通 Instead, people use public transport. rail /reɪl/ n. 铁轨 An underground rail system and a light-rail transit system run through the centre of the town and connect /kə'nekt/ vt. 连接 connect Masdar to Abu Dhabi and the airport. connection /kəˈnekʃən/ n. 连接；关系，联系 operate /'ɒpəreɪt/ vt. 操作，运转；经营； 做手术 In reality, only l 3 PRTs are in operation today, because developments in technology have made it easier and cheaper to operate electric vehicles. operation /ɒpə'reɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 操作, 运转, 经营 At the same time, Masdar residents can use clean-energy electric cars and buses to travel around resident 居民 /'rezɪd(ə)nt/ n. the city. The global financial crisis of 2008-2009 reduced the amount of money which was available for the available 可用的，可得到的 /ə'veɪləb(ə)l/ adj. project. be available for The maps are available for the public to use. 比…重（在重量上） ； City planners are confident that Masdar's green solutions to both traffic and environmental outweigh /aʊt'weɪ/ vt. 比…重要；比…有价 problems will outweigh the financial cost of building the city. 值
Reading 2 Word Pronunciation POS Chinese Meaning Sentence in text/dictionary simply /'sɪmplɪ/ adv. 仅仅，简直，实在 There are simply too many vehicles competing for too little space. worldwide /'wɜːl(d)waɪd/ adv./adj. 全世界的 The company TomTom, which does research on traffic in cities worldwide, estimated that in 2015 rush hour the average commuter wasted 100 hours during the evening rush hour alone. 高峰时间,高峰期 government /'gʌv(ə)n,m(ə)nt/ n. 政府 Therefore, governments everywhere are working hard to find solutions to this problem. negative /'negətɪv/ adj. 消极的，否定的 Traffic jams have negative effects on drivers, cities and the environment. negatively /'neɡətivli/ adv. 消极地，否定地 Traffic congestion negatively affects the environment. We should encourage alternative forms of transport because they reduce the amount of traffic on the positive /'pɒzɪtɪv/ adj. 肯定的，积极的 roads and also have a positive effect on the environment. road rage 路怒症 To begin with, they cause stress to drivers, which may lead to health problems or road rage. Traffic jams can also lead to economic losses because products cannot be delivered on time, and deliver /dɪ'lɪvə/ vt. 递送；发表 employees arrive late for work or meetings. The president will deliver a speech about schools.
投递, 送交； delivery /dɪ'lɪv(ə)rɪ/ n. 投递的邮件, 发送的 Delivery is free of charge. 货物 Another negative effect is that emergency services can become caught in traffic and are, therefore, emergency /i'mə:dʒənsi/ n. 紧急情况 unable to get to an emergency in time. emergent /ɪ'mɜːdʒ(ə)nt/ adj. 紧急的 He has an emergent blood condition. fuel /fjʊəl/ n. 燃料 Traffic congestion wastes fuel, which in turn produces more carbon dioxide through car exhaust exhaust and contributes to the greehouse effect. /ɪg'zɔːst/ n. 废气；排气管 exhaust 用尽, 耗尽； The government has exhausted all other options. /ɪg'zɔːst/ vt. 使非常疲倦 exhaust /ɪgˈzɔ:stɪd/ adj. 筋疲力尽的 The passengers, thoroughly exhausted, could now eat a little, and take some repose. contribute to 带来，促成 Perseverance and determination contribute greatly to one's success. contribution /kɒntrɪ'bjuːʃ(ə)n/ n. 捐助物, 贡献 The celebrities make great contributions or have special talents. impact /'ɪmpækt/ n. 影响 All these effects have a serious negative impact on the quality of people's lives. obvious /'ɒbvɪəs/ adj. 明显的; 显而易见的 engineering /endʒɪ'nɪərɪŋ/ n. 工程(学) The most obvious solutions involve engineering. involve /ɪn'vɒlv/ vt. 包含；牵涉 involvement /in'vɔlvmənt/ n. 参与，介入 There was a growing unease about their involvement in the war. promote /prə'məʊt/ vt. 提升；促进；推动 A more popular solution, therefore, would be to promote other forms of transport, like ferries, ferry /'ferɪ/ n. 渡船，摆渡 cycling and underground trains. cycling /'saikliŋ/ n. 骑行 Although cycling had obvious health benefits and does not pollute the air, it is not practical in practical /'præktɪk(ə)l/ adj. 实际的，实践的 every climate and can prove dangerous in heavy traffic. inconvenient /ɪnkən'viːnɪənt/ adj. 不方便的 Another possibility is to persuade people to use buses, although they are inconvenient for some persuade people. /pə'sweɪd/ vt. 说服, 劝告 persuade sb to do sth. The organization tries to persuade local people to grow their own food and eat more healthily. flexibility 柔韧性； This allows some flexibility for car drivers and reduces congestion in the centre of the city. /ˌfleksɪˈbɪlɪtɪ/ n. 机动性，灵活性
flexible 灵活的；柔韧的； You need to be more flexible and imaginative in your approach. /'fleksɪb(ə)l/ adj. 易弯曲的 late shifts A disadvantage for people who work late shifts is that many buses do not run at night. tackle /'tæk(ə)l/ vt. 解决；应付 Overall, cities are using a variety of methods to tackle the problem of traffic congestion. a variety of 种种；各种各样的 various /'veərɪəs/ adj. 各种各样的 There are various courses open to us.
