4-4 Warm Up

1. The function has a local minimum at and a point of

inflection at . Determine the values of and .

f- Cx)=6ax2t6xtb
'

f 'fD=0 Sub
-

ta into ①
o=6afD46fDtb
:
a=

6=6atb→① 6=66 's)tb

6=-3 tb
'

f' (x)=l2axt6 9= b
"
f- G) 0=12 all )t6
-6=12a
'
i. a=
-

I and b=9
-

= a
-

2. Use the 2nd Derivative Test to determine the coordinates of the local extrema of the function
.
f'G)
'

3645-647-12=3/4×3
f- (x) -12×3-3×2
' =
-

12×+3
'
18 if
'

'll) > O : .
Min
-

Xd -
4×+1)
Coordinates :
=3 [ x' (4×-1) -

@ x-D]
"
f =3 (413-61417314)-11
=3(4x-DCxtDCx D
-

= -

2721256
critical #s f'G)=O :

ftp.3fd4.fif-6C-itt3ED-HX-LT
-1,1 ,
= -
16

Second Derivative Test : ft)= 3414-413-647434 ) -

H
-12
36×2-6×-12
=
f- (x)
' '
-_

f- (41=361412-6441-12
" ' local maxatfta ,
-37¥) and

= -

4¥ .
:f" (E) so : -
Max local mins at ft , -16) and G ,-12) .

'

ffl) 36ft) -6ft)

-12=30
-

f' C- c) -

:
'
SO i. min ⑥
19
 Solving Optimization Problems

Strategies:

1. Whenever possible, draw a diagram, labeling the given and required quantities. Identify
the variables.
2. Determine a function that represents the quantity to be optimized. Be sure that this
function only depends on one variable. (If there are two variables, look for information to
create a second equation.)
3. Differentiate and find the critical number (i.e. find the maximum or minimum function
value) by setting the first derivative to zero.
4. Determine the optimal value and check constraints.
5. Answer the question in your conclusion.

Number Type

1. Express 24 as the sum of 2 positive numbers such that the product of one by the square of the
other is a maximum.
Let x and be the 2 positive numbers and P be the product
y
.

Xty
-
-
24
P=xy2 ② 2ndDeiivativete
①
P'
'
24
*
y 6yt48
-

sub ① into ②
= -

' "
P=( 24 g) y P at yo
:
-

"
' '
P = -
6/07+48
= 24 y
"
min
y P
-

= 48 .

.
.
>o :.

Differentiate P'
' "
: =
48g 3g P at -

16 :
y
-
-

P'
'
=
646448
48g 3y2
-

critical #s : O = -

"
48 : P so : max
-

= -
.

O =
3y( 16
y)
-

When 7=24-46)
y 16
-
-

16 ,
i.
y=o or
y
-

= 8

i .
P -

-
(8)( 165
=
2048

i. The two numbers are 8 and 16

and the max product is 2048 .

20
 Optimization: Area and Perimeter

1. Three hundred meters of fencing is available to enclose a rectangular field and divide it into two
smaller equal plots. What should the dimensions of the smaller plots be for the area to be a
maximum? Let w and l represent the width and the length of
w w each plot , respectively and A represent the total
,

area .

e e

2nd derivative test :

w w sub ① into ② :
¥
'' "

A -

A so
A=2(100
i. max
v
:
Fw) w
=

4 wt 31=300 -

1=100 -

Iw ① =
200W -

f- w
'
when w= LI ,

A=2lw ② A
'
= 200 -

few 1=100 -

( E)
= 50
critical #s → A' so

37.5mW
The width should be
btw
i .

0=200 -

should be
length and the
=
2 50M for the Max area .

2. A Norman window consists of a rectangle surmounted by a semi-circle. If the perimeter of the

window is 8m, find the width of the window that will admit the greatest amount of light.

Let 2x represent the width and let y represent the height.

Let A be the area and P be the perimeter .

=2xyt Ttx
'
A-
P=2xt2ytI(2tx)
.
.

p=8 sub ① into A :

)
,

A=2x(
'
+ f- Ix
8=2xt2ytIx
8×-2×2 Ix't Ttx
'
-

y=
=
①
2
= 8×-2×2 LITT -

2nd derivative test :

A' = 8 -
4x -
Ix
A 's -4
'
-
it
critical #s A'=O :
" CD
A so : .
Always
Max
0=8 -
4 x -
IX i.

8 = X 4th ( )
X =
8-
4th
: .
The width of the window is 4+6*2
or approx 2.24 . m .

i. width = 2x
= I
Htt
@
22
 Optimization: Surface Area and Volume

1. A piece of sheet metal 24 cm by 24 cm is to be used to make a rectangular box with an open top.
The box is to be made by cutting equal squares from the corners and folding up the flap to make
the sides. Find the dimensions that will give the box with the largest volume.

=24 cm

=24 cm

of the squares that will be cut

Let x represent the side length
and V be the volume to be maximized .

It ewh
=
( 24 -
2x )(24 -
2x)(x)

=
(24 -
2x )2(x)

2124 ) C-2)(x) t (24-2×72

'
V = -
2x

= (24 -
2x)(-4×+24 -

)
2x

=
(24 -
2x )(-6×+24) rdndderirativetesti
critical #s V' = O
2x) (
→
=L 2)(-6×+24)+64 6)
''
V - -
-

O = (24 2x) (-6×+24)

-

= 12×-48 -
144 t t 2x
.

24 2x =D
-
or -6×+24=0
24 192
. .

x
-
=

71=4
X =
12
→ At x=4 ,

inadmissible "

will be 0
V = 24 (4) -

192
: side
lengths
'
.

"
= -
96 .

.
.
V so

side lengths
: max
=
24 -
2x

= 24 -
214)
= 16

✓= (16144)
. : The greatest volume for the box

1024
is 1024cm
'
and the sides and height
@
=
23
will be 16cm and 4cm
, respectively .
 2. A manufacturer wishes to produce cylindrical fruit juice cans with a capacity of 250 mL. What
dimensions will minimize the amount of material required for a can? (1 mL=1 cm3)
be the radius h be the
Let r
, height ,
Il be the
r

volume and A be the surface of the ^

-

/
area can .

V=Ir2h sub ① into ② :

'
h
250 -_ tr
-
h A=2itr t 2K r

-250 h ①
✓

590-+2
= '
= #r
ITV2
f- 250mL
500
A'
-

72+4 Thr
' '
A- =2TLrht2TLr ②
=
=
250cm

'
critical #s → A -
o

O =
-50pct Her

's
0=-500+4 It r

✓
3 =
50041T
r = 5T or

At r= , 2nd derivative test :

A'
1%0-+4
'
250 = it
h=
-

tf)
'
At
r=¥I
=
250¥
100011%
"
A =
t 4T
K¥3
=
'
= 121T -

i
'

A' so
i. min

i. The amount of material will be minimized when the

radius is
Et cm and the
height is
37ft am .

ooo
23